NUR 325 EXAM 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2026 – COMPLETE PHARMACOLOGY SOLUTIONS AND
UPDATED STUDY GUIDE
Which of the following health conditions would be LEAST likely to cause fluid
and electrolyte imbalances?
a. Vomiting and diarrhea
b. Breaking a leg
c. Renal failure
d. Congestive heart failure (CHF) - B
Which of the following group of symptoms would trigger you to think there may
be some fluid and electrolyte imbalances in your patient?
a. Tinnitus, erythema, shortness of breath
b. Petechiae, fever, low blood pressure
c. Unexplained nausea, dizziness, edema
d. Tachycardia, drowsiness, nausea - C
The patient talks with the nurse about bladder health. What is one of the most
important recommendations the nurse can make for this patient?
a. Eat foods high in fiber.
b. Drink 6 to 8 glasses of noncaffeinated fluids daily.
c. Exercise in the morning and evening.
,d. Visit the urologist once yearly. - B (Drinking 6 to 8 glasses of noncaffeinated
fluids daily helps with bladder health because urine is not stagnating in the bladder.
Exercising and eating foods high in fiber help with bowel elimination but do not
have an effect on urination. Visiting the urologist is good if there is a problem, but
this is not the most important recommendation from the nurse.)
The nurse is caring for a confused patient who is wearing a vest restraint in bed.
The nurse speaks with an unlicensed assistant about toileting the patient. The nurse
knows the unlicensed assistant understands the toileting procedure when making
which statement?
a. The patient must remain in the restraints all day.
b. The patient needs to be toileted to maintain a regular toileting schedule.
c. The patient needs to be provided with adult briefs for incontinence.
d. The patient will use the call bell when he or she feels the urge to void. - B (The
correct answer is toileting the patient so he or she can maintain a normal toileting
schedule. Leaving the patient in restraints all day is against the standard of care.
Providing the patient with briefs when he or she is not incontinent does not meet
the patient's toileting needs. If the patient is confused, he or she will not be able to
use the call bell.)
If a patient has a colostomy in the area known as the "ascending colon," what
would the nurse expect of the stool in the colostomy device?
a. Stool would be dark.
b. Stool would be formed.
c. Stool would be loose.
d. Stool would have flecks of blood. - C (The correct answer is C because stool in
the ascending colon is loose or watery. Stool should not be dark or have flecks of
,blood. This would be an abnormal finding. Stool would not be loose, because the
colon has not reabsorbed the water yet.)
The nurse is talking with a patient who was just diagnosed with a urinary tract
infection. The patient asks the nurse how to prevent such infections in the future.
The nurse should make which appropriate recommendations for the patient?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Drink 6 to 8 glasses of noncaffeinated fluids daily.
b. Exercise daily.
c. Increase fiber in the diet.
d. Void when the urge is felt.
e. Eat fruit twice daily. - A D (Drinking noncaffeinated drinks and voiding when
the urge happens are the most appropriate measures for avoiding a urinary tract
infection. Increasing fiber, exercising, and eating fruit do not prevent a urinary tract
infection.)
When assessing a patient's first voided urine of the day, which finding should be
reported to the health care provider?
a. Pale yellow urine
b. Slightly cloudy urine
c. Light pink urine
d. Dark amber urine - C (Light pink urine indicates the presence of blood in the
urine, which is never a normal finding. First voided urine can normally be slightly
cloudy and darker in color. Pale yellow urine indicates normal finding.)
What is a critical step when inserting an indwelling catheter into a male patient?
, a. Slowly inflate the catheter balloon with sterile saline.
b. Secure the catheter drainage tubing to the bed sheets
c. Advance the catheter to the bifurcation of the drainage and balloon ports.
d. Advance the catheter until urine flows, then insert ¼ inch more. - C (Advancing
the catheter to the bifurcation avoids inflating the catheter balloon in the prostatic
urethra causing trauma and pain. Catheter balloons are never inflated with saline.
Securing the catheter drainage tubing to the bed sheets increases the risk for
accidental pulling or tension on the catheter. The advancement of the catheter until
flows and then inserting ¼ inch more is not unique to the male patient.)
Which nursing intervention minimizes the risk for trauma and infection when
applying an external/condom catheter?
a. Leave a gap of 3-5 inches between the tip of the penis and drainage tube
b. Shave the pubic area so that hair does not adhere
c. Wash with soap and water prior to applying the condom type catheter.
d. Apply tape to the condom sheath to keep it securely in place. - C (Hygiene
minimizes skin irritation. There needs to be 2.5 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) of space
between tip of the glans penis and the end of the catheter. Excess space may cause
pooling of urine causing excessive exposure to urine. Shaving the pubic area
increases the risk for skin irritation. The condom should be secure but not tight.
Application of tape is contraindicated because it could interfere with circulation
increasing risk for necrosis of the penis.)
What instructions should the nurse give the NAP concerning a patient who has had
an indwelling urinary catheter removed that day?
a. Limit oral fluid intake to avoid possible urinary incontinence.
b. Expect patient complaints of suprapubic fullness and discomfort.
c. Report the time and amount of first voiding.
2026 – COMPLETE PHARMACOLOGY SOLUTIONS AND
UPDATED STUDY GUIDE
Which of the following health conditions would be LEAST likely to cause fluid
and electrolyte imbalances?
a. Vomiting and diarrhea
b. Breaking a leg
c. Renal failure
d. Congestive heart failure (CHF) - B
Which of the following group of symptoms would trigger you to think there may
be some fluid and electrolyte imbalances in your patient?
a. Tinnitus, erythema, shortness of breath
b. Petechiae, fever, low blood pressure
c. Unexplained nausea, dizziness, edema
d. Tachycardia, drowsiness, nausea - C
The patient talks with the nurse about bladder health. What is one of the most
important recommendations the nurse can make for this patient?
a. Eat foods high in fiber.
b. Drink 6 to 8 glasses of noncaffeinated fluids daily.
c. Exercise in the morning and evening.
,d. Visit the urologist once yearly. - B (Drinking 6 to 8 glasses of noncaffeinated
fluids daily helps with bladder health because urine is not stagnating in the bladder.
Exercising and eating foods high in fiber help with bowel elimination but do not
have an effect on urination. Visiting the urologist is good if there is a problem, but
this is not the most important recommendation from the nurse.)
The nurse is caring for a confused patient who is wearing a vest restraint in bed.
The nurse speaks with an unlicensed assistant about toileting the patient. The nurse
knows the unlicensed assistant understands the toileting procedure when making
which statement?
a. The patient must remain in the restraints all day.
b. The patient needs to be toileted to maintain a regular toileting schedule.
c. The patient needs to be provided with adult briefs for incontinence.
d. The patient will use the call bell when he or she feels the urge to void. - B (The
correct answer is toileting the patient so he or she can maintain a normal toileting
schedule. Leaving the patient in restraints all day is against the standard of care.
Providing the patient with briefs when he or she is not incontinent does not meet
the patient's toileting needs. If the patient is confused, he or she will not be able to
use the call bell.)
If a patient has a colostomy in the area known as the "ascending colon," what
would the nurse expect of the stool in the colostomy device?
a. Stool would be dark.
b. Stool would be formed.
c. Stool would be loose.
d. Stool would have flecks of blood. - C (The correct answer is C because stool in
the ascending colon is loose or watery. Stool should not be dark or have flecks of
,blood. This would be an abnormal finding. Stool would not be loose, because the
colon has not reabsorbed the water yet.)
The nurse is talking with a patient who was just diagnosed with a urinary tract
infection. The patient asks the nurse how to prevent such infections in the future.
The nurse should make which appropriate recommendations for the patient?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Drink 6 to 8 glasses of noncaffeinated fluids daily.
b. Exercise daily.
c. Increase fiber in the diet.
d. Void when the urge is felt.
e. Eat fruit twice daily. - A D (Drinking noncaffeinated drinks and voiding when
the urge happens are the most appropriate measures for avoiding a urinary tract
infection. Increasing fiber, exercising, and eating fruit do not prevent a urinary tract
infection.)
When assessing a patient's first voided urine of the day, which finding should be
reported to the health care provider?
a. Pale yellow urine
b. Slightly cloudy urine
c. Light pink urine
d. Dark amber urine - C (Light pink urine indicates the presence of blood in the
urine, which is never a normal finding. First voided urine can normally be slightly
cloudy and darker in color. Pale yellow urine indicates normal finding.)
What is a critical step when inserting an indwelling catheter into a male patient?
, a. Slowly inflate the catheter balloon with sterile saline.
b. Secure the catheter drainage tubing to the bed sheets
c. Advance the catheter to the bifurcation of the drainage and balloon ports.
d. Advance the catheter until urine flows, then insert ¼ inch more. - C (Advancing
the catheter to the bifurcation avoids inflating the catheter balloon in the prostatic
urethra causing trauma and pain. Catheter balloons are never inflated with saline.
Securing the catheter drainage tubing to the bed sheets increases the risk for
accidental pulling or tension on the catheter. The advancement of the catheter until
flows and then inserting ¼ inch more is not unique to the male patient.)
Which nursing intervention minimizes the risk for trauma and infection when
applying an external/condom catheter?
a. Leave a gap of 3-5 inches between the tip of the penis and drainage tube
b. Shave the pubic area so that hair does not adhere
c. Wash with soap and water prior to applying the condom type catheter.
d. Apply tape to the condom sheath to keep it securely in place. - C (Hygiene
minimizes skin irritation. There needs to be 2.5 to 5 cm (1 to 2 inches) of space
between tip of the glans penis and the end of the catheter. Excess space may cause
pooling of urine causing excessive exposure to urine. Shaving the pubic area
increases the risk for skin irritation. The condom should be secure but not tight.
Application of tape is contraindicated because it could interfere with circulation
increasing risk for necrosis of the penis.)
What instructions should the nurse give the NAP concerning a patient who has had
an indwelling urinary catheter removed that day?
a. Limit oral fluid intake to avoid possible urinary incontinence.
b. Expect patient complaints of suprapubic fullness and discomfort.
c. Report the time and amount of first voiding.
