PTA Exam (System Pathologies NPTE) with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
1. Alzheimer's dis- Progressive neurodegenerative disorder that results in deterioration
ease
and irre-versible damage within the cerebral cortex and subcortical
areas.
Etiology: Unknown, however, hypothesized causes include lower levels
of neuro-transmitters, higher levels of aluminum within brain tissue,
genetics, autoimmune disease, abnormal processing of amyloid, and
virus
Signs and symptoms: loss of orientation, word finding diflculties,
2. Amyotrophic depression, poor judgment, rigidity, bradykinesia, shuffling gait. and
Lat-eral Sclero- impaired ability to perform self care tasks
sis (ALS) (Lou
Gehrig's Treatment: No curative treatment, but there are mediations to inhibit
Disease)
acetyl-cholinesterase, alleviate cognitive symptoms
Chronic degenerative disease that produce% of caseser and lower
motor neuron impairments. Rapid degeneration causes denervation of
muscle fibers , muscle atrophy, and weakness
Etiology: unknown in 90% of cases. Genetics, virus, metabolic
disturbances, and toxicity of aluminum (men>women between 40-70
yrs)
Signs and symptoms: Lower motor neuron symptoms - asymmetrical
muscle weak-ness, fasciculations, cramping and atrophy within the
hands. weakness spreads distal to proximal.
Upper motor neuron symptoms - ncoordination of movement, spasticity,
clonus, and a positive Babinski reflexfatigue, oral motor impairment,
motor paralysis and eventual respiratory paralysis
Treatment: Physical, occupational, speech, respiratory, and nutritional
therapies may be warranted with the focus on quality of life and
1/
61
, PTA Exam (System Pathologies NPTE) with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
caregiver training
3. Bell's Palsy Temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only
on the attected side of the face
2/
61
, PTA Exam (System Pathologies NPTE) with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
Etiology: may be secondary to a viral infection (herpes), inflammation
and subse-quent pressure injury the nerve.
Signs and symptoms: asymmetrical facial features (drooping) of the
eyelid and mouth, drooling, dryness of eye, and inability to close the
eyelid due to weakness
Treatment: Mild involvement- symptoms resolve within two weeks.
Severe involve-ment- anti-viral medications and corticosteroids.
Stimulation of facial nerves, facial massage and/or exercise/
4. Carpal
Tunnel Peripheral nerve entrapment, compression of the median nerve as it
Syndrome
passes be-tween the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist
Etiology- repetitive use, RA, pregnancy, diabetes, cumulative trauma
disorders, tumor, hypothyroidism, wrist sprain or fracture
Signs and symptoms: sensory changes and paresthesia along the
median nerve distribution in the hand. may radiate to UE and shoulder.
night pain, weakness in hand, muscle atrophy, decreased grip
strength, clumsiness, decreased wrist mobility
5. Cerebellar
Disor-ders Treatment: splinting, ergonomic measures, local corticosteroid injections
etiology ex- and PT management
amples
Congenital malformations, hereditary ataxias, spinocerebellar ataxias,
6. Congential
mal- acquired ataxia
formations
7. Hereditary Defects that nonpregressive and are present at birth and are caused by
ataxi-as
genetic factors, prenatal events, or both. Ataxia usually present
Autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant. Most common is
3/
61
, PTA Exam (System Pathologies NPTE) with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
Friedreich's ataxia,
(abnormal gene mutation)
gait unsteadiness, upper
extremity ataxia,
dysarthria,
4/
61
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
1. Alzheimer's dis- Progressive neurodegenerative disorder that results in deterioration
ease
and irre-versible damage within the cerebral cortex and subcortical
areas.
Etiology: Unknown, however, hypothesized causes include lower levels
of neuro-transmitters, higher levels of aluminum within brain tissue,
genetics, autoimmune disease, abnormal processing of amyloid, and
virus
Signs and symptoms: loss of orientation, word finding diflculties,
2. Amyotrophic depression, poor judgment, rigidity, bradykinesia, shuffling gait. and
Lat-eral Sclero- impaired ability to perform self care tasks
sis (ALS) (Lou
Gehrig's Treatment: No curative treatment, but there are mediations to inhibit
Disease)
acetyl-cholinesterase, alleviate cognitive symptoms
Chronic degenerative disease that produce% of caseser and lower
motor neuron impairments. Rapid degeneration causes denervation of
muscle fibers , muscle atrophy, and weakness
Etiology: unknown in 90% of cases. Genetics, virus, metabolic
disturbances, and toxicity of aluminum (men>women between 40-70
yrs)
Signs and symptoms: Lower motor neuron symptoms - asymmetrical
muscle weak-ness, fasciculations, cramping and atrophy within the
hands. weakness spreads distal to proximal.
Upper motor neuron symptoms - ncoordination of movement, spasticity,
clonus, and a positive Babinski reflexfatigue, oral motor impairment,
motor paralysis and eventual respiratory paralysis
Treatment: Physical, occupational, speech, respiratory, and nutritional
therapies may be warranted with the focus on quality of life and
1/
61
, PTA Exam (System Pathologies NPTE) with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
caregiver training
3. Bell's Palsy Temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only
on the attected side of the face
2/
61
, PTA Exam (System Pathologies NPTE) with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
Etiology: may be secondary to a viral infection (herpes), inflammation
and subse-quent pressure injury the nerve.
Signs and symptoms: asymmetrical facial features (drooping) of the
eyelid and mouth, drooling, dryness of eye, and inability to close the
eyelid due to weakness
Treatment: Mild involvement- symptoms resolve within two weeks.
Severe involve-ment- anti-viral medications and corticosteroids.
Stimulation of facial nerves, facial massage and/or exercise/
4. Carpal
Tunnel Peripheral nerve entrapment, compression of the median nerve as it
Syndrome
passes be-tween the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist
Etiology- repetitive use, RA, pregnancy, diabetes, cumulative trauma
disorders, tumor, hypothyroidism, wrist sprain or fracture
Signs and symptoms: sensory changes and paresthesia along the
median nerve distribution in the hand. may radiate to UE and shoulder.
night pain, weakness in hand, muscle atrophy, decreased grip
strength, clumsiness, decreased wrist mobility
5. Cerebellar
Disor-ders Treatment: splinting, ergonomic measures, local corticosteroid injections
etiology ex- and PT management
amples
Congenital malformations, hereditary ataxias, spinocerebellar ataxias,
6. Congential
mal- acquired ataxia
formations
7. Hereditary Defects that nonpregressive and are present at birth and are caused by
ataxi-as
genetic factors, prenatal events, or both. Ataxia usually present
Autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant. Most common is
3/
61
, PTA Exam (System Pathologies NPTE) with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Latest Version |Already Graded A+
Friedreich's ataxia,
(abnormal gene mutation)
gait unsteadiness, upper
extremity ataxia,
dysarthria,
4/
61
