EXAM 1- VET 406 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

EXAM 1- VET 406 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. calorie=
Answer:
heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water from 14.5 to 15.5 degrees celsius

Question:
2. with dogs and cats, do you work with calories or kilocalories?
Answer:
kilocalories or Calorie

Question:
3. Kcal or Calorie=
Answer:
1,000 calories

Question:
4. Mcal=
Answer:
1,000,000 calories

Question:
5. Joule(J)=
Answer:
SE unit for energy (and work). The energy required to displace 1 newton a distance of 1 meter

Question:
6. 1 calorie= _______ joules
Answer:
4.184

Question:
7. what measurement of energy in put on a unit time basis
Answer:
watt (1 J/sec)

Question:
8. gross energy=
Answer:
the heat of complete combustion of a food

Question:
9. where is gross energy measured

,Answer:
in a bomb calorimeter

Question:
10. is gross energy a physiological measurement?
Answer:
no; gross energy is the max energy that can be theoretically obtained from a food- it is not a physiological
measurement since no system is 100% efficient

Question:
11. what can be put in a bomb calorimeter
Answer:
anything that can burn

Question:
12. digestible energy equation
Answer:
=GE - fecal energy

Question:
13. horses energy requirements are given as ________
Answer:
digestable energy

Question:
14. digestible energy is a measure of....
Answer:
apparent energy of digestibility

Question:
15. can digestible energy be calculated from gross energy?
Answer:
yes, using estimates of digestibility

Question:
16. equation for metabolizable energy
Answer:
GE food - GE feces - GE urine - GE gases
OR
DE - GE urine - GE gases

Question:
17. what type of energy is on dog/cat food labels?
Answer:
metabolizable energy

,Question:
18. energy losses in urine range from _____ % of GE and energy losses in gases range from ______ of GE
Answer:
1. 2-8%
2. 0-12%

Question:
19. relationship between metabolizable energy and digestible energy for many dog and cat foods
(equation)
Answer:
ME= 0.93 DE

Question:
20. relationship between metabolizable energy and digestible energy for many ruminant feeds (equation)
Answer:
ME= 0.82 DE

Question:
21. what are Atwater factors?
Answer:
made for human nutrition; -Carbs and Protein= 4 kcal/g
-Fats= 9 kcal/g

Question:
22. what are the AAFCO modified factors for dogs and cats
Answer:
carbs & protein= 3.5 kcal/g fats= 8.5 kcal/g (diets are less digestible than human diets)

Question:
23. full metabolizable energy equation that is used to produce labels/ predict energy of a diet
Answer:
ME (kcal/g) = 10[(3.5 x %CP) + (8.5 x %Crude Fat) + (3.5 x %NFE)]

Question:
24. what is a total digestible nutrient
Answer:
used for livestock species; doesn't give values in a Calorie...comparison among different types of feed

Question:
25. TDN= (equation)
Answer:
(%CP x digestibility) + (%NFE x digestibility) + (% Crude Fiber x digestibility) + 2.25(%fat x
digestibility)

Question:
26. does total digestible nutrients account for gas losses?

, Answer:
no

Question:
27. total digestible nutrients tends to overestimate the energy value of...
Answer:
hays/ other roughages

Question:
28. Net Energy (equation)=
Answer:
GE food - GE feces - GE urine - GE gases - heat increment

Question:
29. what is 'heat increment ' in the net energy system
Answer:
takes into account that there is an energy cost of digestion, absorption, and assimilation of nutrients

Question:
30. NE and ME correlation (equation)
Answer:
net energy = ME - heat increment

Question:
31. NE (net energy) is a system developed for...
Answer:
livestock ration that requires extreme precision (want a beef cattle to maintain its own weight + gain x
amount of muscle)

Question:
32. what are the two different ways net energy can be expressed
Answer:
NE for maintenance (Nem) or NE for production production

Question:
33. what is maintenance energy
Answer:
the energy intake required to maintain a constant body weight (or body energy content)

Question:
34. increase in body weight = _ energy balance decrease in body weight = _ energy balance constant body
weight = _______
Answer:
1. +
2. -
3. maintenance