community development comprehensive Questions and
Answers with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version
Question 1.
Why are social sciences helpful in studying community development?
Correct Answer: To gain a greater understanding of culture and how it impacts that
culture through an economic/sociological/psychological perspective. Holistic
Multi-disciplinary Emic perspective: from within the social group, from perspective of
subject
Question 2.
How was community defined?
Correct Answer: "A group of people with diverse characteristics who are united by
social ties, share common perspectives, and engage in joint action in geographical
locations or settings."
Question 3.
What are the three definitions of development that Sumner gives?
Correct Answer: A long term process of structural societal transformation. A
short-to-medium term outcome of desirable targets A dominant 'discourse' of western
modernity
Question 4.
In chapter two, Sumner talks about how development workers play three roles. What are
they?
Correct Answer: Detectives - data collection, analysis and interpretation Translators -
reframing given ideas for diverse groups Diplomats - negotiation, conflict mediation,
deal making
Question 5.
In chapter three, Sumner talks about three different positions for development workers in re-
gard to "what we can know" (positivism, real- ism and relativism). What is "reality" for each of
these positions?
Correct Answer: Positivism: There is one reality, which is observable Realism: There
is a reality which exists independently of the researcher and which can be described
Postmodernism/Relativism: There are multiple realities, which can be experienced
, Question 6.
What are five "Christian" views of the poor?
Correct Answer: Poor made in image of God: lack skills, knowledge, and opportunity
Poor as people in rebellion: rebellion and their fallen cultures keep them poor Poor as
Christ incarnate: lack love Poor as God's favorites: oppressed by non-poor, structural
Poor as lost souls: lost from God and Christ is coming soon
Question 7.
Why does our stated (or unstated) understanding of poverty matter?
Correct Answer: Because our understanding defines our response. View of Cause:
Response: Poor lack things Give them stuff Poor are sinners Evangelism and uplift
Poor are sinned against Social justice; change the system Poor lack knowledge
Education Culture of poor flawedBecome like us
Question 8.
What is the "Basic Needs Approach" to understanding poverty?
Correct Answer: Earliest version of the Basic Needs approcah said that people just
need "stuff" Aims to fulfill unmet basic needs of the poor: food, water, shelter,
clothing, clean water Identifies a Need, provides Services, person is a Consumer,
focus on Programs
Question 9.
Poverty as entanglement (Robert Chambers) - Be able to identify the five areas that
Chambers points out which entangle the poor. What are two critiques of this theory?
Correct Answer: Material: lack of assets, housing, etc. Vulnerability: lack of reserves,
choices, and coerce Powerlessness: Lack of influence, social power, and exploited by
power Physical: lack of strength and too many dependents Isolation: lack of credit,
education, and excluded from systemSpiritual: broken relationships with neighbor
and God. The Spiritual was added by Myers. Critiques: (1) A problem in one area
means problems in another (2) Missing the impact of spiritual poverty 3. Doesn't
really recognize the agency of the locals. They are just entangled.
Question 10.
What are the four overlapping domains of social practice? Note that each one has their own
power and institutions.
Correct Answer: State: Executive/Judicial Churches, voluntary organizations
(state/civil) Political Community: Political Organizations Legislatures, Regulatory
bodies (state/political) Corporate Economy: Corporations Protest movements,
political parties (political/corporate) Civil Society: Household Community Non-formal
sector, Popular economic groups (civil/corporate)
Answers with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version
Question 1.
Why are social sciences helpful in studying community development?
Correct Answer: To gain a greater understanding of culture and how it impacts that
culture through an economic/sociological/psychological perspective. Holistic
Multi-disciplinary Emic perspective: from within the social group, from perspective of
subject
Question 2.
How was community defined?
Correct Answer: "A group of people with diverse characteristics who are united by
social ties, share common perspectives, and engage in joint action in geographical
locations or settings."
Question 3.
What are the three definitions of development that Sumner gives?
Correct Answer: A long term process of structural societal transformation. A
short-to-medium term outcome of desirable targets A dominant 'discourse' of western
modernity
Question 4.
In chapter two, Sumner talks about how development workers play three roles. What are
they?
Correct Answer: Detectives - data collection, analysis and interpretation Translators -
reframing given ideas for diverse groups Diplomats - negotiation, conflict mediation,
deal making
Question 5.
In chapter three, Sumner talks about three different positions for development workers in re-
gard to "what we can know" (positivism, real- ism and relativism). What is "reality" for each of
these positions?
Correct Answer: Positivism: There is one reality, which is observable Realism: There
is a reality which exists independently of the researcher and which can be described
Postmodernism/Relativism: There are multiple realities, which can be experienced
, Question 6.
What are five "Christian" views of the poor?
Correct Answer: Poor made in image of God: lack skills, knowledge, and opportunity
Poor as people in rebellion: rebellion and their fallen cultures keep them poor Poor as
Christ incarnate: lack love Poor as God's favorites: oppressed by non-poor, structural
Poor as lost souls: lost from God and Christ is coming soon
Question 7.
Why does our stated (or unstated) understanding of poverty matter?
Correct Answer: Because our understanding defines our response. View of Cause:
Response: Poor lack things Give them stuff Poor are sinners Evangelism and uplift
Poor are sinned against Social justice; change the system Poor lack knowledge
Education Culture of poor flawedBecome like us
Question 8.
What is the "Basic Needs Approach" to understanding poverty?
Correct Answer: Earliest version of the Basic Needs approcah said that people just
need "stuff" Aims to fulfill unmet basic needs of the poor: food, water, shelter,
clothing, clean water Identifies a Need, provides Services, person is a Consumer,
focus on Programs
Question 9.
Poverty as entanglement (Robert Chambers) - Be able to identify the five areas that
Chambers points out which entangle the poor. What are two critiques of this theory?
Correct Answer: Material: lack of assets, housing, etc. Vulnerability: lack of reserves,
choices, and coerce Powerlessness: Lack of influence, social power, and exploited by
power Physical: lack of strength and too many dependents Isolation: lack of credit,
education, and excluded from systemSpiritual: broken relationships with neighbor
and God. The Spiritual was added by Myers. Critiques: (1) A problem in one area
means problems in another (2) Missing the impact of spiritual poverty 3. Doesn't
really recognize the agency of the locals. They are just entangled.
Question 10.
What are the four overlapping domains of social practice? Note that each one has their own
power and institutions.
Correct Answer: State: Executive/Judicial Churches, voluntary organizations
(state/civil) Political Community: Political Organizations Legislatures, Regulatory
bodies (state/political) Corporate Economy: Corporations Protest movements,
political parties (political/corporate) Civil Society: Household Community Non-formal
sector, Popular economic groups (civil/corporate)
