,MATH 110 Final Module Exam - Introduction
to Statistics Portage Learning - Latest (26/27)
1. Which level of measurement classifies data into categories with no inherent order or ranking?
A) Ordinal
B) Nominal
C) Interval
D) Ratio
Correct Answer: B) Nominal
Rationale: Nominal measurement is the most basic level, categorizing data without any order (e.g.,
colors, genders). Ordinal data have a meaningful order, interval data have equal intervals but no true
zero, and ratio data have a true zero. Nominal is the only level with no ranking.
2. What type of variable is "number of siblings"?
A) Continuous quantitative
B) Discrete quantitative
C) Categorical nominal
D) Categorical ordinal
Correct Answer: B) Discrete quantitative
Rationale: The number of siblings is a countable whole number (0, 1, 2, ...), making it a discrete
quantitative variable. Continuous variables can take any value in a range, and categorical variables
represent groups without numerical meaning.
3. A researcher calculates the average test score of a class. This is an example of:
A) Inferential statistics
B) Descriptive statistics
,C) A parameter
D) A sample
Correct Answer: B) Descriptive statistics
Rationale: Descriptive statistics involve summarizing and organizing data to describe its main features,
such as calculating an average. Inferential statistics make predictions about a population based on
sample data. A parameter describes a population, and a sample is a subset.
4. The mean of the data set 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 is:
A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 14
Correct Answer: C) 12
Rationale: The mean is the sum of all values divided by the number of values: (4+8+12+16+20) / 5 =
60/5 = 12. Options A, B, and D are incorrect arithmetic results.
5. The median of the data set 3, 7, 11, 15, 19 is:
A) 7
B) 9
C) 11
D) 15
Correct Answer: C) 11
Rationale: The median is the middle value when data are ordered. With five values, the third value is
the median, which is 11. The mean is 11 as well, but the question asks for the median specifically.
, 6. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by outliers?
A) Median
B) Mode
C) Mean
D) Range
Correct Answer: C) Mean
Rationale: The mean uses all data points and is pulled toward extreme values, making it sensitive to
outliers. The median and mode are resistant to outliers. The range is a measure of spread, not central
tendency.
7. The mode of the data set 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6 is:
A) 4
B) 5
C) 4 and 5
D) No mode
Correct Answer: B) 5
Rationale: The mode is the value that appears most frequently. The number 5 appears three times,
while 4 appears twice. Therefore, 5 is the mode. Option C would be correct if both appeared equally
often.
8. The range of the data set 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 is:
A) 15
B) 20
C) 25
D) 30
to Statistics Portage Learning - Latest (26/27)
1. Which level of measurement classifies data into categories with no inherent order or ranking?
A) Ordinal
B) Nominal
C) Interval
D) Ratio
Correct Answer: B) Nominal
Rationale: Nominal measurement is the most basic level, categorizing data without any order (e.g.,
colors, genders). Ordinal data have a meaningful order, interval data have equal intervals but no true
zero, and ratio data have a true zero. Nominal is the only level with no ranking.
2. What type of variable is "number of siblings"?
A) Continuous quantitative
B) Discrete quantitative
C) Categorical nominal
D) Categorical ordinal
Correct Answer: B) Discrete quantitative
Rationale: The number of siblings is a countable whole number (0, 1, 2, ...), making it a discrete
quantitative variable. Continuous variables can take any value in a range, and categorical variables
represent groups without numerical meaning.
3. A researcher calculates the average test score of a class. This is an example of:
A) Inferential statistics
B) Descriptive statistics
,C) A parameter
D) A sample
Correct Answer: B) Descriptive statistics
Rationale: Descriptive statistics involve summarizing and organizing data to describe its main features,
such as calculating an average. Inferential statistics make predictions about a population based on
sample data. A parameter describes a population, and a sample is a subset.
4. The mean of the data set 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 is:
A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 14
Correct Answer: C) 12
Rationale: The mean is the sum of all values divided by the number of values: (4+8+12+16+20) / 5 =
60/5 = 12. Options A, B, and D are incorrect arithmetic results.
5. The median of the data set 3, 7, 11, 15, 19 is:
A) 7
B) 9
C) 11
D) 15
Correct Answer: C) 11
Rationale: The median is the middle value when data are ordered. With five values, the third value is
the median, which is 11. The mean is 11 as well, but the question asks for the median specifically.
, 6. Which measure of central tendency is most affected by outliers?
A) Median
B) Mode
C) Mean
D) Range
Correct Answer: C) Mean
Rationale: The mean uses all data points and is pulled toward extreme values, making it sensitive to
outliers. The median and mode are resistant to outliers. The range is a measure of spread, not central
tendency.
7. The mode of the data set 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6 is:
A) 4
B) 5
C) 4 and 5
D) No mode
Correct Answer: B) 5
Rationale: The mode is the value that appears most frequently. The number 5 appears three times,
while 4 appears twice. Therefore, 5 is the mode. Option C would be correct if both appeared equally
often.
8. The range of the data set 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 is:
A) 15
B) 20
C) 25
D) 30
