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UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK FINAL EXAM 200
Questions with Verified Answers and Detailed
Rationales
EXAM INFORMATION
- Course: Advanced Pathophysiology 5355
- Exam: 3 - Comprehensive
- Total Questions: 200
- Format: Multiple Choice
- Content Areas: Neurological Disorders, Endocrine Disorders, Psychiatric
Disorders, Neurotransmitters, CVA, Seizure Disorders
Question 1
A 45-year-old patient presents with inattentiveness, impulsivity, and
hyperactivity that began in childhood and continues to impair daily
functioning. Which triad of symptoms is characteristic of this condition?
A) Inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity
B) Memory loss, language impairment, and behavioral changes
C) Tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia
D) Hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech
,2
Answer: A) Inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity
Rationale: The triad of symptoms for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD) includes inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. These
symptoms must be present in multiple settings and cause significant
impairment. A multimodal regimen needs to be considered for effective
treatment. The other options describe dementia (B), Parkinson's disease (C),
and psychotic disorders (D).
Question 2
A 72-year-old patient presents with progressive memory loss, language
impairment, and behavioral changes. The patient's family reports a gradual
decline over the past 5 years. Which condition is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Delirium
B) Alzheimer's disease
C) Parkinson's disease
D) Schizophrenia
Answer: B) Alzheimer's disease
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of chronic
irreversible dementia. It is characterized by acquired impairment of
intellectual function, memory, and language with alteration in behavior. The
gradual, progressive decline over years is typical of Alzheimer's. Delirium (A)
has acute onset, Parkinson's (C) primarily affects motor function, and
schizophrenia (D) typically presents with psychotic symptoms.
,3
Question 3
A 68-year-old patient develops sudden confusion, disorientation, and
fluctuating awareness 3 days after hip surgery. The patient's family reports
that symptoms worsen at night. Which condition is most consistent with this
presentation?
A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Delirium
C) Vascular dementia
D) Parkinson's disease
Answer: B) Delirium
Rationale: Delirium is an acute confusional state characterized by transient
disorders of awareness that can have sudden or gradual onset. It is often
caused by metabolic disorders, trauma, anesthesia, fever/heatstroke,
electrolyte imbalance, or organ failure. The fluctuating course and acute onset
following surgery are classic features of delirium. Alzheimer's disease (A) has
gradual onset. Vascular dementia (C) has stepwise progression.
, 4
Question 4
Which type of headache is described as a common, multifactorial, disabling,
recurrent, and hereditary neurovascular headache disorder that is usually
unilateral and pulsating?
A) Tension headache
B) Cluster headache
C) Migraine headache
D) Sinus headache
Answer: C) Migraine headache
Rationale: Migraine headaches are common, multifactorial, disabling,
recurrent, and hereditary neurovascular headache disorders. They can begin
with auras and are usually unilateral and pulsating. They are considered an
inflammatory process involving alterations in serotonin and other
neurotransmitters, neurologic, vascular (inflammation), and hormonal
components (estrogen).
Question 5
A patient reports visual disturbances, including flashing lights and zigzag lines,
preceding a severe unilateral headache. These visual disturbances are best
described as:
A) Hallucinations
B) Delusions
C) Auras
UTMB ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5355
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK FINAL EXAM 200
Questions with Verified Answers and Detailed
Rationales
EXAM INFORMATION
- Course: Advanced Pathophysiology 5355
- Exam: 3 - Comprehensive
- Total Questions: 200
- Format: Multiple Choice
- Content Areas: Neurological Disorders, Endocrine Disorders, Psychiatric
Disorders, Neurotransmitters, CVA, Seizure Disorders
Question 1
A 45-year-old patient presents with inattentiveness, impulsivity, and
hyperactivity that began in childhood and continues to impair daily
functioning. Which triad of symptoms is characteristic of this condition?
A) Inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity
B) Memory loss, language impairment, and behavioral changes
C) Tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia
D) Hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech
,2
Answer: A) Inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity
Rationale: The triad of symptoms for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD) includes inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. These
symptoms must be present in multiple settings and cause significant
impairment. A multimodal regimen needs to be considered for effective
treatment. The other options describe dementia (B), Parkinson's disease (C),
and psychotic disorders (D).
Question 2
A 72-year-old patient presents with progressive memory loss, language
impairment, and behavioral changes. The patient's family reports a gradual
decline over the past 5 years. Which condition is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Delirium
B) Alzheimer's disease
C) Parkinson's disease
D) Schizophrenia
Answer: B) Alzheimer's disease
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of chronic
irreversible dementia. It is characterized by acquired impairment of
intellectual function, memory, and language with alteration in behavior. The
gradual, progressive decline over years is typical of Alzheimer's. Delirium (A)
has acute onset, Parkinson's (C) primarily affects motor function, and
schizophrenia (D) typically presents with psychotic symptoms.
,3
Question 3
A 68-year-old patient develops sudden confusion, disorientation, and
fluctuating awareness 3 days after hip surgery. The patient's family reports
that symptoms worsen at night. Which condition is most consistent with this
presentation?
A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Delirium
C) Vascular dementia
D) Parkinson's disease
Answer: B) Delirium
Rationale: Delirium is an acute confusional state characterized by transient
disorders of awareness that can have sudden or gradual onset. It is often
caused by metabolic disorders, trauma, anesthesia, fever/heatstroke,
electrolyte imbalance, or organ failure. The fluctuating course and acute onset
following surgery are classic features of delirium. Alzheimer's disease (A) has
gradual onset. Vascular dementia (C) has stepwise progression.
, 4
Question 4
Which type of headache is described as a common, multifactorial, disabling,
recurrent, and hereditary neurovascular headache disorder that is usually
unilateral and pulsating?
A) Tension headache
B) Cluster headache
C) Migraine headache
D) Sinus headache
Answer: C) Migraine headache
Rationale: Migraine headaches are common, multifactorial, disabling,
recurrent, and hereditary neurovascular headache disorders. They can begin
with auras and are usually unilateral and pulsating. They are considered an
inflammatory process involving alterations in serotonin and other
neurotransmitters, neurologic, vascular (inflammation), and hormonal
components (estrogen).
Question 5
A patient reports visual disturbances, including flashing lights and zigzag lines,
preceding a severe unilateral headache. These visual disturbances are best
described as:
A) Hallucinations
B) Delusions
C) Auras
