WGU D027 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
What does aldosterone regulate? - Answers - re-absorption of sodium and water
(indirectly excretion of potassium)
What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process? - Answers -
Increased vascular permeability. Increased pressure in the vasculature secondary to the
vasodilatory effects of inflammation result in leakage of fluid into 3rd spaces
Klinefelter syndrome - Answers - A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra
X chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY.
High pitched voice
mental impairment
sparse body hair
small testes
gynecomastia
Alpha Thalassemia - Answers - Disease in which there are insufficient alpha-globin
chains due to gene deletions causing a reduction in hemoglobin. Future offspring have
1/4 chance of disease.
Blood flow of the heart - Answers - -Oxygen poor blood enter right atrium and flows into
right ventricle via vena cava
-Blood is pumped from right ventricle into pulmonary artery (goes into lungs)
-Oxygen rich blood returns to heart via pulmonary vein and enters left atrium and flows
into left ventricle
-Blood is pumped into the aorta and circulated to body
What happens during diastole? - Answers - the heart is relaxed, semilunar valves are
closed and blood from atria fills ventricles; low pressure.
What happens during systole? - Answers - Heart muscles contract, creating pressure to
open the pulmonary and aortic valves.
Blood from R ventricle is pushed into the lungs to exchange O2 and CO2.
Blood from the L ventricle is pushed thru the aorta to be distributed throughout the body.
QRS complex - Answers - ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
What effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm? - Answers
- Erodes the vessel wall. Plaque formation makes vessel rigid and susceptible to
rupture.
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - Answers - blood fat that transports cholesterol to organs
and tissues; excess amounts result in the accumulation of fatty deposits on artery walls.
,<100
Which factor is responsible for hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with HTN? -
Answers - Angiotensin II
Stimulates increased cardiac preload and afterload leading to hypertrophy, poor
myocardial compliance, and ventricular dilation. Causes sarcomere death, abnormal
collagen matrices, and interstitial fibrosis.
What gland produces Antidiuretic hormone? - Answers - posterior pituitary gland
T3 and T4 are regulated by - Answers - TSH
What causes SIADH? - Answers - Too much ADH.
Increased intravascular volume, decreased urine production, electrolyte disturbance.
CNS - stroke, hemorrhage, infection, trauma
Medications - narcotics, oxytocin, chlorpropamide, antiepileptic agents
Trauma - pain is a powerful stimulus for ADH. What for post op pts who is receiving
fluids
Lung - simple pneumonia or ADH secreting small cell cancer of the lung.
Hypothyroidism - Answers - High TSH, low T3 and T4
During the body's inflammatory process, what causes edema?
-Vasodilation of blood vessels
-Emigration of neutrophils
-Endothelial cell expansion
-Increased capillary permeability - Answers - Increased capillary permeability
The increased flow and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the
vessels causing swelling (edema) in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for
inflammation induced edema
A 56-year-old diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due to him" feeling well
without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated blood sugar. What electrolyte
should be assessed FIRST?
-Calcium
-Sodium
-Potassium
-Chloride - Answers - Potassium
Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium, phosphate, and magnesium.
Without insulin, potassium does not get transported to the intracellular environment and
the serum potassium will rise.
A 46-year-old woman is considering having another child. The healthcare providers are
explaining to the woman that children born to women late in life have an increased rate
of having children with this condition.
-Kawasaki's disease
, -Down syndrome
-Klinefelter syndrome
-Turner syndrome - Answers - Down syndrome risk increases with Maternal age.
A patient with several risk factors is concerned about developing type 2 diabetes. The
healthcare professional advises the patient to lose weight, explaining that obesity is an
important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus because it causes what?
-Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
-Increased resistance to insulin in the cells
-Obstructed outflow of insulin from the pancreas
-Stimulation of glucose production by the liver - Answers - Increased resistance to
insulin in the cells
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from insulin resistance. Obesity causes this
resistance so their cells have difficulty using insulin. Obesity does not lead to reduced
insulin production, obstructed insulin outflow, or stimulation of glucose production.
When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the APRN looks for
evidence of:
-Lipid abnormality
-Insulin resistance
-Left ventricular hypertrophy
-Clotting disorder - Answers - Left ventricular hypertrophy
On ultrasound a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection fraction of 15% and a
pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function tests, hypokalemia, and
hypomagnesema are seen on lab results. Blood pressure is 115/60 and heart rate is
110 bpm with regular rate and rhythm, respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is
88% on room air. Initial therapy should include all of the following except:
-Diuretic
-ACE Inhibitor
-Digoxin
-Beta Blocker - Answers - Digoxin
A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a myocardial infarction
(MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative. What action by the healthcare
professional is best?
-Administer thrombolytic therapy.
-Discharge the patient.
-Schedule repeat troponin within a few hours.
-Prepare the patient for cardiac catheterization. - Answers - Schedule repeat troponin
within a few hours.
Several cardiac biomarkers exist including the most specific, cardiac troponin 1 (cTnI),
cTnI begins to rise within 2 to 4 hours after cardiac injury, so if the initial result is normal,
the test should be repeated within 6 to 9 hours and again at 12 to 24 hours. It is not
known yet if the patient has had an MI so treatment with thrombolytic therapy and/or
What does aldosterone regulate? - Answers - re-absorption of sodium and water
(indirectly excretion of potassium)
What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process? - Answers -
Increased vascular permeability. Increased pressure in the vasculature secondary to the
vasodilatory effects of inflammation result in leakage of fluid into 3rd spaces
Klinefelter syndrome - Answers - A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra
X chromosome, making them XXY instead of XY.
High pitched voice
mental impairment
sparse body hair
small testes
gynecomastia
Alpha Thalassemia - Answers - Disease in which there are insufficient alpha-globin
chains due to gene deletions causing a reduction in hemoglobin. Future offspring have
1/4 chance of disease.
Blood flow of the heart - Answers - -Oxygen poor blood enter right atrium and flows into
right ventricle via vena cava
-Blood is pumped from right ventricle into pulmonary artery (goes into lungs)
-Oxygen rich blood returns to heart via pulmonary vein and enters left atrium and flows
into left ventricle
-Blood is pumped into the aorta and circulated to body
What happens during diastole? - Answers - the heart is relaxed, semilunar valves are
closed and blood from atria fills ventricles; low pressure.
What happens during systole? - Answers - Heart muscles contract, creating pressure to
open the pulmonary and aortic valves.
Blood from R ventricle is pushed into the lungs to exchange O2 and CO2.
Blood from the L ventricle is pushed thru the aorta to be distributed throughout the body.
QRS complex - Answers - ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
What effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm? - Answers
- Erodes the vessel wall. Plaque formation makes vessel rigid and susceptible to
rupture.
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - Answers - blood fat that transports cholesterol to organs
and tissues; excess amounts result in the accumulation of fatty deposits on artery walls.
,<100
Which factor is responsible for hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with HTN? -
Answers - Angiotensin II
Stimulates increased cardiac preload and afterload leading to hypertrophy, poor
myocardial compliance, and ventricular dilation. Causes sarcomere death, abnormal
collagen matrices, and interstitial fibrosis.
What gland produces Antidiuretic hormone? - Answers - posterior pituitary gland
T3 and T4 are regulated by - Answers - TSH
What causes SIADH? - Answers - Too much ADH.
Increased intravascular volume, decreased urine production, electrolyte disturbance.
CNS - stroke, hemorrhage, infection, trauma
Medications - narcotics, oxytocin, chlorpropamide, antiepileptic agents
Trauma - pain is a powerful stimulus for ADH. What for post op pts who is receiving
fluids
Lung - simple pneumonia or ADH secreting small cell cancer of the lung.
Hypothyroidism - Answers - High TSH, low T3 and T4
During the body's inflammatory process, what causes edema?
-Vasodilation of blood vessels
-Emigration of neutrophils
-Endothelial cell expansion
-Increased capillary permeability - Answers - Increased capillary permeability
The increased flow and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the
vessels causing swelling (edema) in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for
inflammation induced edema
A 56-year-old diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due to him" feeling well
without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated blood sugar. What electrolyte
should be assessed FIRST?
-Calcium
-Sodium
-Potassium
-Chloride - Answers - Potassium
Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium, phosphate, and magnesium.
Without insulin, potassium does not get transported to the intracellular environment and
the serum potassium will rise.
A 46-year-old woman is considering having another child. The healthcare providers are
explaining to the woman that children born to women late in life have an increased rate
of having children with this condition.
-Kawasaki's disease
, -Down syndrome
-Klinefelter syndrome
-Turner syndrome - Answers - Down syndrome risk increases with Maternal age.
A patient with several risk factors is concerned about developing type 2 diabetes. The
healthcare professional advises the patient to lose weight, explaining that obesity is an
important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus because it causes what?
-Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
-Increased resistance to insulin in the cells
-Obstructed outflow of insulin from the pancreas
-Stimulation of glucose production by the liver - Answers - Increased resistance to
insulin in the cells
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from insulin resistance. Obesity causes this
resistance so their cells have difficulty using insulin. Obesity does not lead to reduced
insulin production, obstructed insulin outflow, or stimulation of glucose production.
When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the APRN looks for
evidence of:
-Lipid abnormality
-Insulin resistance
-Left ventricular hypertrophy
-Clotting disorder - Answers - Left ventricular hypertrophy
On ultrasound a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection fraction of 15% and a
pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function tests, hypokalemia, and
hypomagnesema are seen on lab results. Blood pressure is 115/60 and heart rate is
110 bpm with regular rate and rhythm, respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is
88% on room air. Initial therapy should include all of the following except:
-Diuretic
-ACE Inhibitor
-Digoxin
-Beta Blocker - Answers - Digoxin
A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a myocardial infarction
(MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative. What action by the healthcare
professional is best?
-Administer thrombolytic therapy.
-Discharge the patient.
-Schedule repeat troponin within a few hours.
-Prepare the patient for cardiac catheterization. - Answers - Schedule repeat troponin
within a few hours.
Several cardiac biomarkers exist including the most specific, cardiac troponin 1 (cTnI),
cTnI begins to rise within 2 to 4 hours after cardiac injury, so if the initial result is normal,
the test should be repeated within 6 to 9 hours and again at 12 to 24 hours. It is not
known yet if the patient has had an MI so treatment with thrombolytic therapy and/or
