NURS 8024 PHARM EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS (LATEST 2026- 2027)
100% CORRECT
*Antifungal treatment must be - correct answer-
*long enough for complete turnover of skin*
-If treatment is not sufficient duration infection recurs*
Oral agents often needed for fungal nail infection
2 kinds of drug contraindications - correct answer-
Absolute
Relative
2 Major drug administration routes - correct answer-
Enteral
Parenteral
3 steps to treatment of peptic ulcer disease - correct
answer- 1) eradicating the H. pylori infection
2) reduction of gastric acid secretion (H2blockers and PPIs)
,3) agents that protect gastric mucosa from damage (misoprostol
and sucralfate)
4 Fundamental pathways for a drug - correct answer-
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination
(ADME)
4 Major variables determining pharmacologic response to drugs
applied to the skin include - correct answer- 1.
Regional variation in drug penetration
2. Concentration Gradient
3. Dosing Schedule
4. Vehicles and Occlusion
6 factors affecting placental drug transfer and fetal effects
include - correct answer- 1.Physicochemical
properties of the drug
2. Rate at which the drug crosses the placenta and the amount
of drug reaching the fetus
,3. Duration of exposure to the drug
4. Distribution characteristics in different fetal tissues
5. Stage of placental and fetal development at the time of
exposure to the drug
6. Effects of drugs used in combination
25% of the elderly - correct answer- are taking
inappropriate medications
A decline in hepatic blood flow, enzyme production,
biotransformation, and phase I oxidation reactions in the liver of
the elderly causes - correct answer- reduction in
metabolism of some drugs, ↑ half-life & risk of ADRs/Toxicities
A decrease in total body water in the elderly will cause -
correct answer- increasing concentrations of water-
soluble drugs
A large volume of distribution will effect - correct answer-
half-life of the drug
A more variable drug effect on CNS in the elderly is due to -
correct answer- • r/t ↓ blood supply, changes in the
, blood-brain barrier (allowing fatsoluble drugs to permeate the
brain),
•↓ in acetylcholine, dopamine, and serotonin
→ potentiating ADRs
Absolute Contraindications - correct answer-
situations in which a medication should never be given if the
contraindication is present
Absorption - correct answer- Entry of pharmacological
agent into plasma
Absorption/Action of PPIs - correct answer- *Coating
is removed* in the alkaline duodenum, and the prodrug, a weak
base, is absorbed and transported to the parietal cell canaliculus
→ Converted to the active form
All PPIs inhibit both basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion
by > 90%
• Onset of gastric acid suppression w/i 1 to 2 hrs post first dose
of lansoprazole and slightly earlier with omeprazole
Acid secretion, blood flow, and GI tract motility
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS (LATEST 2026- 2027)
100% CORRECT
*Antifungal treatment must be - correct answer-
*long enough for complete turnover of skin*
-If treatment is not sufficient duration infection recurs*
Oral agents often needed for fungal nail infection
2 kinds of drug contraindications - correct answer-
Absolute
Relative
2 Major drug administration routes - correct answer-
Enteral
Parenteral
3 steps to treatment of peptic ulcer disease - correct
answer- 1) eradicating the H. pylori infection
2) reduction of gastric acid secretion (H2blockers and PPIs)
,3) agents that protect gastric mucosa from damage (misoprostol
and sucralfate)
4 Fundamental pathways for a drug - correct answer-
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination
(ADME)
4 Major variables determining pharmacologic response to drugs
applied to the skin include - correct answer- 1.
Regional variation in drug penetration
2. Concentration Gradient
3. Dosing Schedule
4. Vehicles and Occlusion
6 factors affecting placental drug transfer and fetal effects
include - correct answer- 1.Physicochemical
properties of the drug
2. Rate at which the drug crosses the placenta and the amount
of drug reaching the fetus
,3. Duration of exposure to the drug
4. Distribution characteristics in different fetal tissues
5. Stage of placental and fetal development at the time of
exposure to the drug
6. Effects of drugs used in combination
25% of the elderly - correct answer- are taking
inappropriate medications
A decline in hepatic blood flow, enzyme production,
biotransformation, and phase I oxidation reactions in the liver of
the elderly causes - correct answer- reduction in
metabolism of some drugs, ↑ half-life & risk of ADRs/Toxicities
A decrease in total body water in the elderly will cause -
correct answer- increasing concentrations of water-
soluble drugs
A large volume of distribution will effect - correct answer-
half-life of the drug
A more variable drug effect on CNS in the elderly is due to -
correct answer- • r/t ↓ blood supply, changes in the
, blood-brain barrier (allowing fatsoluble drugs to permeate the
brain),
•↓ in acetylcholine, dopamine, and serotonin
→ potentiating ADRs
Absolute Contraindications - correct answer-
situations in which a medication should never be given if the
contraindication is present
Absorption - correct answer- Entry of pharmacological
agent into plasma
Absorption/Action of PPIs - correct answer- *Coating
is removed* in the alkaline duodenum, and the prodrug, a weak
base, is absorbed and transported to the parietal cell canaliculus
→ Converted to the active form
All PPIs inhibit both basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion
by > 90%
• Onset of gastric acid suppression w/i 1 to 2 hrs post first dose
of lansoprazole and slightly earlier with omeprazole
Acid secretion, blood flow, and GI tract motility
