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,What 3 themes dominated leadership definition in the 1950s? Group Theory
Leadership as a relationship
Effectiveness
Leadership of the 1970s focused on what? Organizational Behavior
Authentic Leadership A style in which the leader is true to himself or herself while leading
Spiritual Leadership Leaders use values, a sense of "calling," and membership to motivate followers
Servant Leadership Focuses on providing increased service to others—meeting the goals of both followers
and the organization—rather than to oneself.
Adaptive Leadership leaders encourage followers to adapt by confronting and solving problems, challenges,
and changes
Followership The role followers play in the leadership process
Discursive Leadership Leadership is created not so much through leader traits, skills, and behaviors, but through
communication practices that are negotiated between leader and follower
What 4 components are central to leadership? 1. Leadership is a process
2. Leadership involves influence
3. Leadership occurs in groups
4. Leadership involves common goals
Definition of Leadership A process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common
goal
What is the context in which leadership takes place? In groups
Trait Leadership certain individuals have special innate characteristics or qualities that differentiate them
from non-leaders
Social Identity Theory The degree to which a person fits with the identity of the group as a whole
, Referent Power Power that comes from subordinates' and coworkers' respect, admiration, and loyalty
Expert Power Based on followers' perceptions of the leader's competence
Legitimate Power Power as a result of status or job authority
Reward Power power that comes from the ability to provide rewards or favors
Coercive Power Derived from having the capacity to penalize or punish others
Information Power Derived from possessing knowledge that others want or need
Two major kinds of power: Position & Personal
Position power includes which types of power? Legitimate
Reward
Coercive
Information
Personal power includes which types of power? Referent & Expert
Position Power influence derived from one's formal structural position in the organization
Personal Power The influence capacity a leader derives from being seen by followers as likable and
knowledgeable
Classification system of moral reasoning Stage 1—Obedience and Punishment
Stage 2—Individualism and Exchange
Stage 3—Interpersonal Accord and Conformity
Stage 4—Maintaining the Social Order
Stage 5—Social Contract and Individual Rights
Stage 6—Universal Principles
Who designed the classification of moral reasoning? Kohlberg
Preconventional Morality Judging the morality of an action by its direct consequences. Reasoning based on self-
interest, punishment, and reward