NAVLE EXAM | 200+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES |
A 6-year-old Thoroughbred gelding was involved in a motor vehicle collision while
riding in a trailer three weeks ago. Physical examination shows heling superficial
abrasions on the face. A photograph is shown. Injury to which of the following
nerves is the most likely underlying causes of these findings?
A) Left Facial (VII) Nerve
B) Right Facial (VII) Nerve
C) Left Trigeminal (V) Nerve
D) Right Trigeminal (V) Nerve
E) Left infraorbital nerve
F) Right Infraorbital Nerve ~Correct answer ~B) Right Facial (VII) Nerve
In cases of pyothorax in cats, what type of microorganisms are most frequently
cultured from pleural fluid?
A) Chlamydiae
B) Mycoplasmas
C) Obligate anaerobes
D) Spirochetes
E) Yeasts ~Correct answer ~C) Obligate anaerobes
A 6-year-old male Cocker Spaniel has recurrent otitis externa. Microscopic
examination of a smear of purulent ear discharge shows large numbers of rod
shaped bacteria. What is the most likely causative organism?
A) Escheria coli
B) Klebsiella spp
C) Pasturella multocida
,D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E) Staphylococcus intermedius ~Correct answer ~D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
An 82-lb (37 kg) 8-year-old MN German Shepherd mix is being evaluated for a 2
month history of decreased exercise tolerance. The client reports that the dog had
two episodes of profound weakness on walks during the past week. The dog seems
comfortable at home but his "heart is always racing." Two years ago the dog was
diagnosed by another vet with hypothyroidism and prescribed oral levothyroxine 0.8
mg twice daily. Dosage was reevaluated one month after initiation and was
determined to be appropriate. Appetite, urination, and bowel movements are
normal. BCS is 6/9. Temp 101.2 F and HR 180 bpm. The dog is panting. Pulse
deficits are occuring 3-5x/min. No other abnormalities are noted. CBC, serum
chemistry, and urinalysis are WNL. Which of the following is the most likely cause
of episodic weakness in this dog?
A) Decreased cardiac output
B) Electrolyte imbalance
C) Neurogenic weakness
D) osteoarthritis
E) ventilation- ~Correct answer ~A) Decreased Cardiac Output
Fifteen of a group of 200, 7-month old feedlot calves are lame. The calves arrived at
the feedlot approximately 1 month ago, and one week later 40 of the animals
developed pneumonia. These calves were treated with oxytetracycline, and
pneumonia appeared to resolve. On Physical examination, the affected calves have
swellings in the carpi, tarsi, and stifles with distension of associated tendon sheaths
and a stiff gait. Two calves are euthanized. Postmorten examination shows fibrinous
pleuritis and papillary muscle necrosis. Which of the following organisms is the
most likely cause of these agents?
A) Arcanobacterium (Actinomyces) pyogenes
B)Histophilus somni (Haemophilus somnus)
C) Mannheima (Pasturella) haemolytica
,D) Pasturella multocida
E) Salmonella typhimurium ~Correct answer ~B) Histophilus somni
A 2-year old spayed female indoor/outdoor Singapura cat has had several facial
pruritis for the past two weeks. Vaccinations are up-to-date and the cat is on a
monthly regimen of topical imidaclorid. Examination of the skin shows linear ulcers
along the ventral aspects of both mandibles and miliary scabs on the ventral and
lateral aspects of the neck. The remainder of the dermis appears normal. Deep and
surface skin scrapings and dermatophyte culture are negative. Which of the
following is the most appropriate next diagnostic step.
A) Serum Allergy Testing
B) Thyroid function testing
C) Trial of hypoallergenic diet
D) Trial of IM methylprednisolone
E) Trial of intramuscular cyclosporine ~Correct answer ~C) Trial of hypoallergenic
diet.
A 9-month-old intact male Siberian Husky dog is being evaluated because of a cough
of 2 week duration. These lesions at the carina are seen on bronchoscopic exam.
Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Chlorpheniramine
C) Dextromethorphan
D) Ivermectin
E) Prednisone ~Correct answer ~D) Ivermectin
A 5-year old Simmental cow who is used as a donor for embryo transfer is evaluated
because of the acute onset of anorexia and lethargy. She has been flushed six times;
, the most recent flushing occurred 10 days ago. Rectal temperature is 104.0 F.
During physical exam the cow is reluctant to moce and periodically kicks at her
abdomen. ON rectal palpation the left kidney is grossly enlarged and has a smoot
texture. When stimulated to urinate, the urine is grossly hematuric; numerous
blood clots and fibrin are present. Which of the following is the most appropriate
treatment?
A) administration of gentamicin intravenously
B) Administration of procaine penicillin G intramuscularly
C) Long-term catheterization of the bladder
D) Surgical removal of the enlarged kidney
E) No treatment is indicated. ~Correct answer ~B) Administration of procaine
penicillin G intramuscularly
A 13 year old cat has a large, firm mass of the third mammary gland on the right
side. Which of the following represents the likelihood that this tumor is malignant
A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 40%
D) 60%
E) 90% ~Correct answer ~E) 90%
In October, six mixed-breed beef cows and three calves are being evaluated because
of a one-day history of droopy ears, squinting, rubbing their heads on objects,
ataxia. Four days ago, the cows and calves escaped from their pasture and were
found the next day eating lush clover, buckwheat, and ryegrass in a food plot a
neighbor has planted to attract deer. The cattle were returned to their home pens
and fed their usual diet of timothy hay and ocmmercial grain supplement. Today,
vital signs of one of the calf are: temperature 102.5F, heart rate 85 bpm, and R 35
brpm. Exam shows blephorospasm, edema, erythema, serous exudate, and matting
of the hair, which are most severe on the ears, eyelids, external nares, and lips.
A 6-year-old Thoroughbred gelding was involved in a motor vehicle collision while
riding in a trailer three weeks ago. Physical examination shows heling superficial
abrasions on the face. A photograph is shown. Injury to which of the following
nerves is the most likely underlying causes of these findings?
A) Left Facial (VII) Nerve
B) Right Facial (VII) Nerve
C) Left Trigeminal (V) Nerve
D) Right Trigeminal (V) Nerve
E) Left infraorbital nerve
F) Right Infraorbital Nerve ~Correct answer ~B) Right Facial (VII) Nerve
In cases of pyothorax in cats, what type of microorganisms are most frequently
cultured from pleural fluid?
A) Chlamydiae
B) Mycoplasmas
C) Obligate anaerobes
D) Spirochetes
E) Yeasts ~Correct answer ~C) Obligate anaerobes
A 6-year-old male Cocker Spaniel has recurrent otitis externa. Microscopic
examination of a smear of purulent ear discharge shows large numbers of rod
shaped bacteria. What is the most likely causative organism?
A) Escheria coli
B) Klebsiella spp
C) Pasturella multocida
,D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E) Staphylococcus intermedius ~Correct answer ~D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
An 82-lb (37 kg) 8-year-old MN German Shepherd mix is being evaluated for a 2
month history of decreased exercise tolerance. The client reports that the dog had
two episodes of profound weakness on walks during the past week. The dog seems
comfortable at home but his "heart is always racing." Two years ago the dog was
diagnosed by another vet with hypothyroidism and prescribed oral levothyroxine 0.8
mg twice daily. Dosage was reevaluated one month after initiation and was
determined to be appropriate. Appetite, urination, and bowel movements are
normal. BCS is 6/9. Temp 101.2 F and HR 180 bpm. The dog is panting. Pulse
deficits are occuring 3-5x/min. No other abnormalities are noted. CBC, serum
chemistry, and urinalysis are WNL. Which of the following is the most likely cause
of episodic weakness in this dog?
A) Decreased cardiac output
B) Electrolyte imbalance
C) Neurogenic weakness
D) osteoarthritis
E) ventilation- ~Correct answer ~A) Decreased Cardiac Output
Fifteen of a group of 200, 7-month old feedlot calves are lame. The calves arrived at
the feedlot approximately 1 month ago, and one week later 40 of the animals
developed pneumonia. These calves were treated with oxytetracycline, and
pneumonia appeared to resolve. On Physical examination, the affected calves have
swellings in the carpi, tarsi, and stifles with distension of associated tendon sheaths
and a stiff gait. Two calves are euthanized. Postmorten examination shows fibrinous
pleuritis and papillary muscle necrosis. Which of the following organisms is the
most likely cause of these agents?
A) Arcanobacterium (Actinomyces) pyogenes
B)Histophilus somni (Haemophilus somnus)
C) Mannheima (Pasturella) haemolytica
,D) Pasturella multocida
E) Salmonella typhimurium ~Correct answer ~B) Histophilus somni
A 2-year old spayed female indoor/outdoor Singapura cat has had several facial
pruritis for the past two weeks. Vaccinations are up-to-date and the cat is on a
monthly regimen of topical imidaclorid. Examination of the skin shows linear ulcers
along the ventral aspects of both mandibles and miliary scabs on the ventral and
lateral aspects of the neck. The remainder of the dermis appears normal. Deep and
surface skin scrapings and dermatophyte culture are negative. Which of the
following is the most appropriate next diagnostic step.
A) Serum Allergy Testing
B) Thyroid function testing
C) Trial of hypoallergenic diet
D) Trial of IM methylprednisolone
E) Trial of intramuscular cyclosporine ~Correct answer ~C) Trial of hypoallergenic
diet.
A 9-month-old intact male Siberian Husky dog is being evaluated because of a cough
of 2 week duration. These lesions at the carina are seen on bronchoscopic exam.
Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Chlorpheniramine
C) Dextromethorphan
D) Ivermectin
E) Prednisone ~Correct answer ~D) Ivermectin
A 5-year old Simmental cow who is used as a donor for embryo transfer is evaluated
because of the acute onset of anorexia and lethargy. She has been flushed six times;
, the most recent flushing occurred 10 days ago. Rectal temperature is 104.0 F.
During physical exam the cow is reluctant to moce and periodically kicks at her
abdomen. ON rectal palpation the left kidney is grossly enlarged and has a smoot
texture. When stimulated to urinate, the urine is grossly hematuric; numerous
blood clots and fibrin are present. Which of the following is the most appropriate
treatment?
A) administration of gentamicin intravenously
B) Administration of procaine penicillin G intramuscularly
C) Long-term catheterization of the bladder
D) Surgical removal of the enlarged kidney
E) No treatment is indicated. ~Correct answer ~B) Administration of procaine
penicillin G intramuscularly
A 13 year old cat has a large, firm mass of the third mammary gland on the right
side. Which of the following represents the likelihood that this tumor is malignant
A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 40%
D) 60%
E) 90% ~Correct answer ~E) 90%
In October, six mixed-breed beef cows and three calves are being evaluated because
of a one-day history of droopy ears, squinting, rubbing their heads on objects,
ataxia. Four days ago, the cows and calves escaped from their pasture and were
found the next day eating lush clover, buckwheat, and ryegrass in a food plot a
neighbor has planted to attract deer. The cattle were returned to their home pens
and fed their usual diet of timothy hay and ocmmercial grain supplement. Today,
vital signs of one of the calf are: temperature 102.5F, heart rate 85 bpm, and R 35
brpm. Exam shows blephorospasm, edema, erythema, serous exudate, and matting
of the hair, which are most severe on the ears, eyelids, external nares, and lips.
