,NSG 434 Final Exam Nursing Care of the Childrearing Family
Questions And Answers 2026/2027 Grand canyon university
Q1. Which action best demonstrates family-centered pediatric
nursing care?
A) Make all decisions without consulting the family.
B) Limit teaching to the child's diagnosis.
C) Include the family as a partner in care planning and decision-making.
D) Provide identical care plans to all families.
Correct Answer: C) Include the family as a partner in care planning and
decision-making
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as an essential
partner and incorporates its knowledge, values, preferences, and strengths
into care.
Q2. When assessing a toddler, which technique should generally be
performed first?
A) Deep abdominal palpation
B) Inspection and observation
C) Otoscopic examination
D) Throat examination
Correct Answer: B) Inspection and observation
Rationale: Observation can begin immediately and provides information
about behavior, breathing, movement, interaction, and general appearance
before potentially upsetting procedures.
Q3. Which finding in a child is most concerning for respiratory
distress?
A) Mild nasal congestion
B) Symmetric chest movement
C) Intercostal retractions and nasal flaring
D) Quiet breathing during sleep
Correct Answer: C) Intercostal retractions and nasal flaring
Rationale: Retractions and nasal flaring indicate increased work of
breathing and may signal significant respiratory compromise.
**Q4. Which pulse site is commonly used to assess an infant's heart rate?
,A) Brachial
B) Radial
C) Dorsalis pedis
D) Carotid
Correct Answer: A) Brachial
Rationale: The brachial artery is readily accessible in infants and is
commonly used for pulse assessment when evaluating an infant.
Q5. A parent asks why the nurse lets a toddler choose between two
acceptable options. What is the best explanation?
A) Toddlers should make all health decisions.
B) Limited choices support the toddler's developing autonomy.
C) Choices eliminate the need for parental guidance.
D) Toddlers understand abstract medical reasoning.
Correct Answer: B) Limited choices support the toddler's developing
autonomy.
Rationale: Offering limited appropriate choices promotes independence
while allowing adults to maintain control over essential clinical decisions.
**Q6. Which psychosocial task is associated with Erikson's autonomy versus
shame and doubt stage?
A) Developing identity
B) Establishing independence
C) Developing intimacy
D) Developing generativity
Correct Answer: B) Establishing independence
Rationale: Toddlers develop autonomy by gaining control over activities
such as feeding, dressing, and toileting.
**Q7. Which cognitive achievement is associated with Piaget's sensorimotor
stage?
A) Abstract reasoning
B) Formal hypothesis testing
C) Object permanence
D) Logical manipulation of symbols
Correct Answer: C) Object permanence
, Rationale: During the sensorimotor stage, infants develop the
understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.
**Q8. Which type of play is most characteristic of toddlers?
A) Cooperative play
B) Parallel play
C) Competitive team play
D) Complex rule-based play
Correct Answer: B) Parallel play
Rationale: Toddlers commonly play beside other children without sustained
cooperative interaction.
**Q9. Which behavior is expected during the preschool period?
A) Magical thinking
B) Formal operational reasoning
C) Complete emotional independence
D) Abstract scientific reasoning
Correct Answer: A) Magical thinking
Rationale: Preschoolers are in the preoperational period and commonly
demonstrate symbolic thought, imagination, and magical thinking.
**Q10. Which psychosocial task is associated with Erikson's initiative versus
guilt stage?
A) Developing purpose through exploration
B) Establishing basic trust
C) Developing a stable adult identity
D) Developing intimate relationships
Correct Answer: A) Developing purpose through exploration
Rationale: Preschoolers develop initiative by exploring, creating, asking
questions, and attempting new activities.
**Q11. Which characteristic is associated with the school-age period?
A) Industry and mastery of skills
B) Primary dependence on reflexes
C) Magical thinking as the dominant cognitive process
D) Identity formation as the primary psychosocial task
Questions And Answers 2026/2027 Grand canyon university
Q1. Which action best demonstrates family-centered pediatric
nursing care?
A) Make all decisions without consulting the family.
B) Limit teaching to the child's diagnosis.
C) Include the family as a partner in care planning and decision-making.
D) Provide identical care plans to all families.
Correct Answer: C) Include the family as a partner in care planning and
decision-making
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as an essential
partner and incorporates its knowledge, values, preferences, and strengths
into care.
Q2. When assessing a toddler, which technique should generally be
performed first?
A) Deep abdominal palpation
B) Inspection and observation
C) Otoscopic examination
D) Throat examination
Correct Answer: B) Inspection and observation
Rationale: Observation can begin immediately and provides information
about behavior, breathing, movement, interaction, and general appearance
before potentially upsetting procedures.
Q3. Which finding in a child is most concerning for respiratory
distress?
A) Mild nasal congestion
B) Symmetric chest movement
C) Intercostal retractions and nasal flaring
D) Quiet breathing during sleep
Correct Answer: C) Intercostal retractions and nasal flaring
Rationale: Retractions and nasal flaring indicate increased work of
breathing and may signal significant respiratory compromise.
**Q4. Which pulse site is commonly used to assess an infant's heart rate?
,A) Brachial
B) Radial
C) Dorsalis pedis
D) Carotid
Correct Answer: A) Brachial
Rationale: The brachial artery is readily accessible in infants and is
commonly used for pulse assessment when evaluating an infant.
Q5. A parent asks why the nurse lets a toddler choose between two
acceptable options. What is the best explanation?
A) Toddlers should make all health decisions.
B) Limited choices support the toddler's developing autonomy.
C) Choices eliminate the need for parental guidance.
D) Toddlers understand abstract medical reasoning.
Correct Answer: B) Limited choices support the toddler's developing
autonomy.
Rationale: Offering limited appropriate choices promotes independence
while allowing adults to maintain control over essential clinical decisions.
**Q6. Which psychosocial task is associated with Erikson's autonomy versus
shame and doubt stage?
A) Developing identity
B) Establishing independence
C) Developing intimacy
D) Developing generativity
Correct Answer: B) Establishing independence
Rationale: Toddlers develop autonomy by gaining control over activities
such as feeding, dressing, and toileting.
**Q7. Which cognitive achievement is associated with Piaget's sensorimotor
stage?
A) Abstract reasoning
B) Formal hypothesis testing
C) Object permanence
D) Logical manipulation of symbols
Correct Answer: C) Object permanence
, Rationale: During the sensorimotor stage, infants develop the
understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.
**Q8. Which type of play is most characteristic of toddlers?
A) Cooperative play
B) Parallel play
C) Competitive team play
D) Complex rule-based play
Correct Answer: B) Parallel play
Rationale: Toddlers commonly play beside other children without sustained
cooperative interaction.
**Q9. Which behavior is expected during the preschool period?
A) Magical thinking
B) Formal operational reasoning
C) Complete emotional independence
D) Abstract scientific reasoning
Correct Answer: A) Magical thinking
Rationale: Preschoolers are in the preoperational period and commonly
demonstrate symbolic thought, imagination, and magical thinking.
**Q10. Which psychosocial task is associated with Erikson's initiative versus
guilt stage?
A) Developing purpose through exploration
B) Establishing basic trust
C) Developing a stable adult identity
D) Developing intimate relationships
Correct Answer: A) Developing purpose through exploration
Rationale: Preschoolers develop initiative by exploring, creating, asking
questions, and attempting new activities.
**Q11. Which characteristic is associated with the school-age period?
A) Industry and mastery of skills
B) Primary dependence on reflexes
C) Magical thinking as the dominant cognitive process
D) Identity formation as the primary psychosocial task
