,NSG 432 Exam 2 Nursing Care of the Childbearing Family Questions
And Answers 2026/2027 Grand canyon university
Q1. Which finding best distinguishes true labor from false labor?
A) Regular contractions accompanied by progressive cervical dilation and
effacement
B) Contractions that stop when the client changes position
C) Irregular contractions without cervical change
D) Discomfort that decreases with ambulation
Correct Answer: A) Regular contractions accompanied by progressive cervical
dilation and effacement
Rationale: True labor causes regular, progressively stronger contractions
that produce cervical effacement and dilation. False labor does not
consistently produce progressive cervical change.
Q2. What is the primary function of the “powers” that contribute to
labor?
A) Determine fetal presentation
B) Produce the forces that move the fetus through the birth canal
C) Maintain maternal blood pressure
D) Determine placental location
Correct Answer: B) Produce the forces that move the fetus through the birth
canal
Rationale: The powers of labor include uterine contractions and maternal
bearing-down efforts. These forces promote cervical change and fetal
descent.
Q3. Which factor is included in the five Ps of labor?
A) Passageway
B) Placental perfusion
C) Protein intake
D) Peripheral circulation
Correct Answer: A) Passageway
Rationale: The five Ps are passenger, passageway, powers, position, and
psyche. Together they influence labor progression.
Q4. Which component of the five Ps refers to the fetus?
,A) Powers
B) Psyche
C) Passenger
D) Passageway
Correct Answer: C) Passenger
Rationale: The fetus is the passenger. Its size, presentation, lie, attitude,
and position influence how labor progresses.
Q5. Which fetal presentation is most favorable for a vaginal birth?
A) Cephalic
B) Transverse
C) Shoulder
D) Uncorrected brow
Correct Answer: A) Cephalic
Rationale: A cephalic presentation places the fetal head toward the
maternal pelvis and is the most common and generally most favorable
presentation for vaginal birth.
Q6. What does fetal station describe?
A) Degree of cervical dilation
B) Relationship of the presenting part to the maternal ischial spines
C) Fetal heart rate variability
D) Position of the placenta
Correct Answer: B) Relationship of the presenting part to the maternal ischial
spines
Rationale: Station indicates how far the presenting part has descended in
relation to the ischial spines. Zero station is level with the spines.
Q7. Which finding indicates fetal engagement?
A) The cervix is completely dilated.
B) The presenting part has entered the pelvic inlet and the widest diameter
has passed the pelvic brim.
C) The placenta has separated.
D) The fetal head has delivered.
Correct Answer: B) The presenting part has entered the pelvic inlet and the
widest diameter has passed the pelvic brim.
, Rationale: Engagement occurs when the presenting part descends into the
pelvis so that the biparietal diameter of the fetal head has passed the pelvic
inlet.
Q8. Which cardinal movement involves the fetal head moving
downward through the maternal pelvis?
A) Extension
B) Descent
C) Restitution
D) Expulsion
Correct Answer: B) Descent
Rationale: Descent is the downward movement of the presenting part
through the maternal pelvis during labor.
Q9. Which cardinal movement allows the fetal head to fit more
effectively through the maternal pelvis by bringing the chin toward
the chest?
A) Flexion
B) Extension
C) Restitution
D) External rotation
Correct Answer: A) Flexion
Rationale: Flexion brings the fetal chin toward the chest, presenting a
smaller head diameter to the maternal pelvis.
Q10. Which movement occurs when the fetal head rotates to align
with the maternal pelvic dimensions?
A) Extension
B) Expulsion
C) Internal rotation
D) Restitution
Correct Answer: C) Internal rotation
Rationale: Internal rotation turns the fetal head so its presenting diameter
aligns with the maternal pelvic outlet.
Q11. Which movement occurs as the fetal head passes beneath the
pubic arch?
And Answers 2026/2027 Grand canyon university
Q1. Which finding best distinguishes true labor from false labor?
A) Regular contractions accompanied by progressive cervical dilation and
effacement
B) Contractions that stop when the client changes position
C) Irregular contractions without cervical change
D) Discomfort that decreases with ambulation
Correct Answer: A) Regular contractions accompanied by progressive cervical
dilation and effacement
Rationale: True labor causes regular, progressively stronger contractions
that produce cervical effacement and dilation. False labor does not
consistently produce progressive cervical change.
Q2. What is the primary function of the “powers” that contribute to
labor?
A) Determine fetal presentation
B) Produce the forces that move the fetus through the birth canal
C) Maintain maternal blood pressure
D) Determine placental location
Correct Answer: B) Produce the forces that move the fetus through the birth
canal
Rationale: The powers of labor include uterine contractions and maternal
bearing-down efforts. These forces promote cervical change and fetal
descent.
Q3. Which factor is included in the five Ps of labor?
A) Passageway
B) Placental perfusion
C) Protein intake
D) Peripheral circulation
Correct Answer: A) Passageway
Rationale: The five Ps are passenger, passageway, powers, position, and
psyche. Together they influence labor progression.
Q4. Which component of the five Ps refers to the fetus?
,A) Powers
B) Psyche
C) Passenger
D) Passageway
Correct Answer: C) Passenger
Rationale: The fetus is the passenger. Its size, presentation, lie, attitude,
and position influence how labor progresses.
Q5. Which fetal presentation is most favorable for a vaginal birth?
A) Cephalic
B) Transverse
C) Shoulder
D) Uncorrected brow
Correct Answer: A) Cephalic
Rationale: A cephalic presentation places the fetal head toward the
maternal pelvis and is the most common and generally most favorable
presentation for vaginal birth.
Q6. What does fetal station describe?
A) Degree of cervical dilation
B) Relationship of the presenting part to the maternal ischial spines
C) Fetal heart rate variability
D) Position of the placenta
Correct Answer: B) Relationship of the presenting part to the maternal ischial
spines
Rationale: Station indicates how far the presenting part has descended in
relation to the ischial spines. Zero station is level with the spines.
Q7. Which finding indicates fetal engagement?
A) The cervix is completely dilated.
B) The presenting part has entered the pelvic inlet and the widest diameter
has passed the pelvic brim.
C) The placenta has separated.
D) The fetal head has delivered.
Correct Answer: B) The presenting part has entered the pelvic inlet and the
widest diameter has passed the pelvic brim.
, Rationale: Engagement occurs when the presenting part descends into the
pelvis so that the biparietal diameter of the fetal head has passed the pelvic
inlet.
Q8. Which cardinal movement involves the fetal head moving
downward through the maternal pelvis?
A) Extension
B) Descent
C) Restitution
D) Expulsion
Correct Answer: B) Descent
Rationale: Descent is the downward movement of the presenting part
through the maternal pelvis during labor.
Q9. Which cardinal movement allows the fetal head to fit more
effectively through the maternal pelvis by bringing the chin toward
the chest?
A) Flexion
B) Extension
C) Restitution
D) External rotation
Correct Answer: A) Flexion
Rationale: Flexion brings the fetal chin toward the chest, presenting a
smaller head diameter to the maternal pelvis.
Q10. Which movement occurs when the fetal head rotates to align
with the maternal pelvic dimensions?
A) Extension
B) Expulsion
C) Internal rotation
D) Restitution
Correct Answer: C) Internal rotation
Rationale: Internal rotation turns the fetal head so its presenting diameter
aligns with the maternal pelvic outlet.
Q11. Which movement occurs as the fetal head passes beneath the
pubic arch?
