Written CNA Exam 2026 Questions and Answers | CNA Written Test, Certified Nursing Assistant Exam, Nursing Assistant Skills, Resident Care, Infection Control, Safety, Rights & Vital Signs | A+ Graded | Latest Updated 2026/2027 | Instant Download

# Written CNA Exam 2026 Questions and Answers – Latest Updated 2026/2027 Prepare for the **Written CNA Exam 2026** with this comprehensive collection of CNA questions and answers covering essential **Certified Nursing Assistant, Nursing Assistant, resident care, infection control, safety, communication, personal care, vital signs, emergency procedures, mobility, nutrition, mental health, resident rights, documentation, and restorative care** concepts. This study resource is built around the CNA material supplied and is useful for reviewing high-yield concepts before a **CNA written examination, nursing assistant competency evaluation, CNA certification test, or nursing assistant course assessment**. ## CNA Roles, Responsibilities & Scope of Practice Review fundamental CNA responsibilities, including: * CNA role and responsibilities * Reporting to the charge nurse * Reporting resident changes * CNA scope of practice * CNA limitations * Care plans * Medication administration * Resident assistance * Following the nurse's instructions * Reporting abuse and neglect * Observing and documenting resident conditions * Communicating with the healthcare team * Shift report * Oncoming-shift communication The material reinforces the CNA's central role in **assisting residents, providing appropriate care within scope, observing changes, and reporting concerns to the nurse**. ## Resident Rights & Person-Centered Care Important resident-rights concepts include: * Resident rights * Dignity * Privacy * Choice * Person-centered care * Right to refuse care * Freedom from abuse * Freedom from neglect * Grievances * Resident choices * Self-administration of medications when permitted * Respectful communication * Resident preferences Examples of person-centered choices include preferred waking and bedtime schedules and personal bathing preferences. ## Abuse, Neglect & Misappropriation Review recognition and reporting of: * Physical abuse * Sexual abuse * Verbal abuse * Emotional abuse * Mental abuse * Neglect * Misappropriation * Involuntary seclusion * Resident exploitation * Abuse reporting * Immediate protection of residents Examples of neglect and misappropriation are included, along with the appropriate CNA response when abuse is suspected. ## Infection Control & Chain of Infection A major section covers **infection prevention and control**, including: * Chain of infection * Causative/infectious agent * Reservoir * Portal of exit * Mode of transmission * Portal of entry * Susceptible host * Hand hygiene * Personal protective equipment * Gloves * Direct transmission * Indirect transmission * Infection prevention * C. difficile precautions * Handwashing The resource emphasizes the importance of **hand hygiene** and appropriate PPE in breaking the chain of infection. ## Five Moments of Hand Hygiene Review the major hand-hygiene moments, including: * Before resident contact * After resident contact * Before an aseptic task * After exposure to blood or body fluids * After contact with the resident's surroundings The material also covers appropriate handwashing after exposure to **Clostridioides difficile**, where alcohol-based hand rub alone is not sufficient. ## Emergency & First Aid Procedures Review CNA emergency-response concepts involving: * Choking * Seizures * Falls * Fire emergencies * Chemical exposure * Emergency reporting * Resident safety * First aid information * Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) * Emergency assistance The seizure section covers protecting the resident from injury, staying with the resident, calling the nurse, positioning, protecting the head, moving nearby objects, avoiding restraint, avoiding placing objects in the mouth, loosening restrictive clothing, and observing seizure duration. ## Fire Safety: RACE & PASS Important fire-safety acronyms include: ### RACE * Remove residents from danger * Activate the alarm * Contain the fire by closing doors * Extinguish the fire if possible ### PASS * Pull the pin * Aim the nozzle * Squeeze the handle * Sweep from side to side at the base of the flames Also review **Stop, Drop, and Roll** for clothing fires. ## Vital Signs & Basic Measurements The supplied material covers: * Normal pulse * Blood pressure * Respiratory assessment * Measuring respirations while a resident sleeps * Recognizing abnormal findings * Reporting changes Review techniques for obtaining accurate observations while preserving resident comfort and privacy. ## Positioning & Body Alignment Important positioning concepts include: * Supine position * Lateral position * Semi-Fowler's position * Fowler's position * Proper body alignment * Head and neck alignment * Shoulder and hip alignment * Natural positioning of arms and legs * Pressure reduction * Positioning for resident care The resource also reviews **Semi-Fowler's positioning and pressure on the coccyx**. ## Transfers, Mobility & Fall Prevention Review safe CNA mobility procedures, including: * Transferring residents * Wheelchair safety * Locking wheelchair and bed wheels * Weak-sided transfers * Proper chair placement * Assisting a falling resident * Easing a falling resident safely to the floor * Safe body mechanics * Call-light accessibility * Bed positioning * Fall prevention ## Activities of Daily Living & Personal Care The material includes personal-care concepts involving: * Perineal care * Male perineal care * Female perineal care * Oral care * Dressing * Undressing * Eyeglasses * Compression stockings * Toileting * Hygiene * Resident comfort * Privacy during care Review the principle of **dressing the affected or weak side first and undressing the strong side first**. ## Perineal Care Review correct cleansing principles for male and female residents, including: * Cleaning from clean to less-clean areas * Protecting the urethra * Proper washcloth technique * Male perineal care * Female perineal care * Infection prevention * Foreskin care * Labial cleansing The rationale behind proper perineal care and prevention of urinary infection is also addressed. ## Oral Care & Foot Care Important observations that should be reported include: * Oral irritation * Swollen tongue * Coated tongue * White spots * Mouth sores * Mouth pain * Loose teeth * Chipped teeth * Decayed teeth The material also covers diabetic foot care and why toenails of certain diabetic residents may require nursing attention due to circulation and wound risks. ## Nutrition, Hydration & Feeding Review: * Water as an essential nutrient * Dehydration * Dry mouth * Weight loss * Dark or foul-smelling urine * Cracked lips * Sunken eyes * Thickened liquids * Nectar-thick liquids * Honey-thick liquids * Pudding-thick liquids * Feeding-tube safety * Head-of-bed elevation during tube feeding * Safe eating position The resource emphasizes appropriate positioning during feeding to reduce aspiration risk. ## Skin Integrity & Pressure Ulcers Important concepts include: * Pressure ulcers * Skin breakdown * Shearing * Draw sheets * Repositioning * Pressure injury prevention * Portals of entry * Infection risk * Resident skin observation Review the use of a **draw sheet to help move residents while reducing shearing and skin injury**. ## Restraints The material covers: * Restraint monitoring * Resident safety * Release schedules * Toileting * Position changes * Ambulation * Restraint precautions * Prohibition of restraints for convenience Review appropriate monitoring and release requirements associated with restrained residents. ## Range of Motion & Restorative Care Review: * Active range of motion (AROM) * Passive range of motion (PROM) * Contractures * Joint stiffness * Restorative nursing care * Maintaining rehabilitation gains * Mobility * Resident independence The resource distinguishes between exercises performed by the resident and those performed with caregiver assistance. ## Oxygen Safety Important oxygen-safety concepts include: * Oxygen precautions * Oxygen tanks * Fire hazards * Smoking restrictions * CNA scope regarding oxygen * Proper oxygen-cylinder handling * Keeping oxygen tanks upright * Not independently changing prescribed oxygen settings ## Pain Recognition & Reporting Review possible signs of pain, including: * Changes in vital signs * Nausea * Vomiting * Facial expressions * Frowning * Tearfulness * Moaning * Groaning * Restlessness * Difficulty moving * Guarding * Rubbing a painful body area * Jaw tightening * Teeth grinding * Shortness of breath The resource also addresses reasons residents may deny pain, including concerns about medications and side effects. ## Mental Health, Dementia & Communication Review important CNA communication and behavioral concepts: * Dementia care * Confusion * Validation therapy * Reality orientation * Sundowning * Delusions * Elopement * Combative behavior * Suicide-risk reporting * Redirection * Therapeutic communication * Hearing impairment * Resident dignity The material emphasizes remaining calm, avoiding arguments, redirecting residents when appropriate, and reporting significant behavioral changes. ## Documentation & Communication Review CNA documentation concepts involving: * Correcting charting errors * Single-line corrections * Initials and dates * Resident observations * Shift reports * Reporting changes * Objective observations * Subjective observations * Accurate communication * Confidentiality The resource distinguishes between **objective observations**—things that can be seen, heard, smelled, or felt—and subjective information reported by the resident. ## Resident Admission & Belongings Review appropriate procedures for welcoming a new resident, including: * Preparing the resident's room * Introducing yourself * Explaining your role * Orienting the resident to surroundings * Supporting family members * Establishing trust * Referring clinical questions to the nurse The material also covers the **personal inventory record** used to document resident belongings. ## Neurological & Emergency Signs Review recognition of: * Seizures * Cyanosis * Mottling * Hypoglycemia * Vomiting with coffee-ground appearance * Changes in consciousness * Behavioral changes * Emergency symptoms requiring immediate reporting ## CNA Certification & Professional Development The supplied questions also address: * CNA certification requirements * Maintaining certification * Continuing work requirements * Professional responsibilities * Stress and burnout * Workplace behavior * Communication with coworkers and supervisors * Maintaining safe resident care ## High-Yield CNA Exam Review This resource is particularly useful for reviewing **resident rights, infection control, handwashing, PPE, CNA scope of practice, safety, emergency procedures, vital signs, positioning, transfers, personal care, nutrition, hydration, pressure-ulcer prevention, restraints, ROM exercises, oxygen safety, documentation, dementia care, communication, and reporting responsibilities**. ### Ideal For * CNA students * Certified Nursing Assistant students * Nursing Assistant students * CNA written exam preparation * CNA certification exam review * Nursing assistant competency preparation * Long-term-care students * Healthcare training programs * CNA course review * Nursing assistant test preparation * Students reviewing resident-care fundamentals