Dhn 101 – Human Nutrition And Wellness Exam 2 – Newest 2026 Actual Exam Complete Questions And Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) With Rationales| Already Graded A+

DHN 101 – HUMAN NUTRITION AND WELLNESS EXAM 2 – NEWEST
2026 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES|
ALREADY GRADED A+

SECTION 1: ADVANCED METABOLISM & ENERGY BALANCE (Q1-20)
Q1. What is the primary difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?
A) Aerobic metabolism requires oxygen; anaerobic metabolism does not
B) Anaerobic metabolism requires oxygen; aerobic metabolism does not
C) Both require oxygen
D) Neither requires oxygen
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Aerobic metabolism requires oxygen to produce ATP from glucose,
fatty acids, and amino acids. Anaerobic metabolism does not require oxygen and
produces ATP rapidly but less efficiently through glycolysis followed by
lactate production.

Q2. What is the primary end product of anaerobic glycolysis?
A) Acetyl-CoA
B) Pyruvate
C) Lactate
D) Carbon dioxide
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In anaerobic glycolysis, pyruvate is converted to lactate when oxygen
is not available, regenerating NAD+ to allow glycolysis to continue.

Q3. What is the primary function of the Krebs cycle?
A) To produce ATP directly
B) To generate NADH and FADH2 for the electron transport chain
C) To break down fatty acids
D) To produce glucose
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) generates NADH and FADH2,
which carry electrons to the electron transport chain to produce ATP. It also

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,produces a small amount of GTP directly.

Q4. What is the primary function of the electron transport chain?
A) To produce NADH
B) To produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation
C) To break down glucose
D) To synthesize fatty acids
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The electron transport chain uses electrons from NADH and FADH2 to
create a proton gradient, which drives ATP synthase to produce ATP through
oxidative phosphorylation.

Q5. How many ATP molecules are produced from one molecule of glucose in
aerobic metabolism?
A) 2 ATP
B) 4 ATP
C) 30-32 ATP
D) 38 ATP
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Complete oxidation of one glucose molecule via aerobic metabolism
yields approximately 30-32 ATP molecules, depending on the efficiency of the
electron transport chain.

Q6. What is the primary function of beta-oxidation?
A) To break down glucose
B) To break down fatty acids for energy
C) To synthesize proteins
D) To synthesize glycogen
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Beta-oxidation is the process by which fatty acids are broken down
into acetyl-CoA molecules in the mitochondria, which then enter the Krebs
cycle for energy production.

Q7. What is the primary function of gluconeogenesis?
A) To break down glucose

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,B) To synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors
C) To synthesize glycogen
D) To break down glycogen
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of new glucose from non-
carbohydrate
precursors such as amino acids, lactate, and glycerol. It occurs primarily in
the liver during fasting.

Q8. What is the primary function of glycogenolysis?
A) To synthesize glycogen
B) To break down glycogen to glucose
C) To synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
D) To break down glucose
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen to glucose-6-phosphate,
which can be released as glucose from the liver or used for energy in muscles.

Q9. What is the primary function of glycogenesis?
A) To break down glycogen
B) To synthesize glycogen from glucose
C) To synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
D) To break down glucose
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Glycogenesis is the synthesis of glycogen from glucose, which occurs
primarily in the liver and muscles when glucose is abundant.

Q10. What is the primary function of lipolysis?
A) To synthesize triglycerides
B) To break down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol
C) To synthesize fatty acids
D) To break down glucose
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Lipolysis is the breakdown of triglycerides into fatty acids and

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, glycerol, releasing fatty acids for energy production.

Q11. What is the primary function of lipogenesis?
A) To break down triglycerides
B) To synthesize fatty acids and triglycerides
C) To break down glucose
D) To synthesize glucose
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Lipogenesis is the synthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides from
excess glucose or amino acids, storing energy as fat.

Q12. What is the primary function of ketogenesis?
A) To synthesize glucose
B) To produce ketone bodies from fatty acids
C) To break down proteins
D) To synthesize glycogen
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ketogenesis is the production of ketone bodies (acetoacetate,
beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetone) from fatty acids in the liver during fasting or
when carbohydrate availability is low.

Q13. What is the primary cause of ketosis?
A) High carbohydrate intake
B) Low carbohydrate intake or prolonged fasting
C) High protein intake
D) Excessive fat intake
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ketosis occurs when carbohydrate availability is low, causing the
body to rely on fatty acid oxidation and ketone body production for energy.

Q14. What is the primary function of ketone bodies?
A) To provide energy to the brain and tissues during fasting
B) To synthesize glucose
C) To store fat
D) To synthesize proteins

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