ATCBE Study Guide Questions with 100%
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Fritz Perls
Founder of Gestalt Therapy
Gestalt Art Therapy Directives
Abstract self, life-space, self in environment...
Janie Rhyne
Founder of Gestalt Art Therapy
Gestalt Art Therapy
Art therapy field focusing on authenticity, mutual relationship between therapist and client,
whole body experiences, being active in the present.
Carl Rogers, Natalie Rogers
Founders and theorists in person-centered therapy, person-centered art therapy, respectively.
Person-centered Art Therapy
Art therapy field using client-directed sessions with the therapist as a guide and the client as
the best teacher. It utilizes different art forms (movement, sound, art, journal writing, etc.).
"The Creative Connection"
Phrase coined by Natalie Rogers. One art form fosters and stimulates creativity in another
form.
Archetype
,Jungian symbols from the unconscious; symbols with meaning for humankind in general
from fairytales, myths, legends and religions.
Ego, personal unconscious, collective unconscious
Concepts in Jung's view of man's psyche.
Examples of Jungian Archetypes
Hero, sage, mother, father, anima/animus, self, shadow
Jungian Art Therapy
Art therapy field influenced by Michael Edwards. The central focus of therapy remains with
the art, the patient enters into a relationship with the unconscious image and free association
can begin from anywhere. True symbols produced unconsciously or in dreams represent and
express an intuitive idea or have meaning that cannot yet be formulated in any other better
way.
Goal in Jungian Art Therapy
Balance between self and ego (ego-self axis).
True Object
A person who is valued and related to in his or her own right (Kohut, Self Psychology).
Self Object
Person or thing valued for its function in enhancing oneself ("parent imago" in Self
Psychology, Kohut). Art can become one as opposed to the therapist.
Narcissistic Personality in Self Psychology
,Personality type in which everything remains a self object as opposed to transitioning to a
true object.
Art Self Psychology
Art therapy field influenced by Mildred Lachman-Chapin based on field influenced by Heinz
and Kohut. Art is viewed as a self-expression and transmuting internalization, a transitional
object for ego strength.
Primary Narcissism
Early stage in Self Psychology
"Previous Perfection"
Concept in Self Psychology; grandiose, exhibitionist image of self and admired omnipotent
self-object (parent imago); gradually tamed to adult personality through mirror transferences.
Normal Autism
First stage in Object Relations Theory, blissful oneness with mother.
Individuation
Process in Object Relations Theory, "me" and "you" get defined through hatching, practicing
and rapprochement. Child achieves identity and object constancy about 2 1/2 years old when
child has mended differences between "good" and "bad mother" and can maintain narcissistic
equilibrium.
Object Relations Therapy
Therapeutic field influenced by Margaret Mahler and Arthur Robbins including the stages
autism, symbiosis, separation, and individuation. Pathology is believed to develop through
interruptions in proper development.
, Object Relations Art Therapy
Art therapy influenced field by Margaret Mahler and Arthur Robbins in which art gives
perspective on internal relationships, building or uncovering lost dialogues.
Catharsis
Primary process in psychoanalytic therapy as opposed to secondary process. It results in easy,
instant gratification and relief through primitive expression; impulses are not gone just
temporarily released.
Sublimation
Secondary process in psychoanalytic therapy as opposed to primary process. Primitive urges
from the id are transformed by the ego into complex acts that do not serve direct instinctual
gratification; unacceptable behaviors become socially productive, not always acceptable.
Counter Transference
Concept from Freudian psychology in which the therapist projects onto the patient.
Homeostasis
Therapeutic goal in humanistic methods: harmony, balance, state of equilibrium.
Humanistic Therapy
Type of therapy influenced by Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow emphasizing respect for
integrity of the individual, focus on the person rather than pathology, evolution of individual
rather than past, focus on individual ideas or perceptions rather than imposing therapist's
expression of affect.
Humanistic Art Therapy
Verified Correct Answers
Fritz Perls
Founder of Gestalt Therapy
Gestalt Art Therapy Directives
Abstract self, life-space, self in environment...
Janie Rhyne
Founder of Gestalt Art Therapy
Gestalt Art Therapy
Art therapy field focusing on authenticity, mutual relationship between therapist and client,
whole body experiences, being active in the present.
Carl Rogers, Natalie Rogers
Founders and theorists in person-centered therapy, person-centered art therapy, respectively.
Person-centered Art Therapy
Art therapy field using client-directed sessions with the therapist as a guide and the client as
the best teacher. It utilizes different art forms (movement, sound, art, journal writing, etc.).
"The Creative Connection"
Phrase coined by Natalie Rogers. One art form fosters and stimulates creativity in another
form.
Archetype
,Jungian symbols from the unconscious; symbols with meaning for humankind in general
from fairytales, myths, legends and religions.
Ego, personal unconscious, collective unconscious
Concepts in Jung's view of man's psyche.
Examples of Jungian Archetypes
Hero, sage, mother, father, anima/animus, self, shadow
Jungian Art Therapy
Art therapy field influenced by Michael Edwards. The central focus of therapy remains with
the art, the patient enters into a relationship with the unconscious image and free association
can begin from anywhere. True symbols produced unconsciously or in dreams represent and
express an intuitive idea or have meaning that cannot yet be formulated in any other better
way.
Goal in Jungian Art Therapy
Balance between self and ego (ego-self axis).
True Object
A person who is valued and related to in his or her own right (Kohut, Self Psychology).
Self Object
Person or thing valued for its function in enhancing oneself ("parent imago" in Self
Psychology, Kohut). Art can become one as opposed to the therapist.
Narcissistic Personality in Self Psychology
,Personality type in which everything remains a self object as opposed to transitioning to a
true object.
Art Self Psychology
Art therapy field influenced by Mildred Lachman-Chapin based on field influenced by Heinz
and Kohut. Art is viewed as a self-expression and transmuting internalization, a transitional
object for ego strength.
Primary Narcissism
Early stage in Self Psychology
"Previous Perfection"
Concept in Self Psychology; grandiose, exhibitionist image of self and admired omnipotent
self-object (parent imago); gradually tamed to adult personality through mirror transferences.
Normal Autism
First stage in Object Relations Theory, blissful oneness with mother.
Individuation
Process in Object Relations Theory, "me" and "you" get defined through hatching, practicing
and rapprochement. Child achieves identity and object constancy about 2 1/2 years old when
child has mended differences between "good" and "bad mother" and can maintain narcissistic
equilibrium.
Object Relations Therapy
Therapeutic field influenced by Margaret Mahler and Arthur Robbins including the stages
autism, symbiosis, separation, and individuation. Pathology is believed to develop through
interruptions in proper development.
, Object Relations Art Therapy
Art therapy influenced field by Margaret Mahler and Arthur Robbins in which art gives
perspective on internal relationships, building or uncovering lost dialogues.
Catharsis
Primary process in psychoanalytic therapy as opposed to secondary process. It results in easy,
instant gratification and relief through primitive expression; impulses are not gone just
temporarily released.
Sublimation
Secondary process in psychoanalytic therapy as opposed to primary process. Primitive urges
from the id are transformed by the ego into complex acts that do not serve direct instinctual
gratification; unacceptable behaviors become socially productive, not always acceptable.
Counter Transference
Concept from Freudian psychology in which the therapist projects onto the patient.
Homeostasis
Therapeutic goal in humanistic methods: harmony, balance, state of equilibrium.
Humanistic Therapy
Type of therapy influenced by Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow emphasizing respect for
integrity of the individual, focus on the person rather than pathology, evolution of individual
rather than past, focus on individual ideas or perceptions rather than imposing therapist's
expression of affect.
Humanistic Art Therapy
