DEFENSE ACQUISITION &
INTERNATIONAL EXPORTABILITY
100-Question Exam Review & Test Bank (2026-2027 Update)
About This Test Bank: This reference book is compiled specifically for acquisition professionals and
students preparing for the ACQ 202 Defense Acquisition & International Exportability certification and
review examinations. It covers critical concepts across cost modeling, software sustainment, capabilities
requirements, joint programs, technology security, and security cooperation financing. All questions are
presented with complete explanations to ensure deep mastery of the material.
Resource Title: ACQ 202 Courseware & International Exportability Study Guide
Focus Areas: Cost Estimating, Capability Requirements, and International Cooperation (IA&E;)
Academic Year: 2026-2027 Update Exam Preparation Baseline
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ACQUISITION REVIEW SERIES
ACQ 202 TEST BANK & COMPREHENSIVE STUDY SYSTEM
,DEFENSE ACQUISITION AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORTABILITY EXAM REVIEW 2026-2027 UPDATE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Cost Estimating, Modeling, and Life Cycle Management (Questions 1 - 35) Page 3
Chapter 2: Capability Requirements, Affordability, and Joint Programs (Questions 36 - 60) Page 18
Chapter 3: International Acquisition & Exportability (IA&E;) (Questions 61 - 100) Page 30
Approved for study and educational reference. Strictly grounded in core program materials. Page 2
,DEFENSE ACQUISITION AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORTABILITY EXAM REVIEW 2026-2027 UPDATE
CHAPTER 1: COST ESTIMATING, MODELING, AND LIFE CYCLE
MANAGEMENT
Question 1: Which of the following software-costing models bases cost estimates upon
historical statistical data, such as Source Lines of Code (SLOC) or Function Points, to
establish cost-estimating relationships (CERs)?
A. Engineering (Bottom-Up) model
B. Analogy model
C. Parametric costing model
D. Delphi expert consensus model
ANSWER ■: C — Parametric costing model
Explanation: A parametric costing model bases cost estimates on historical statistical data, such as Source Lines of
Code (SLOC) or physical parameters, to build mathematical cost-estimating relationships (CERs). Analogy is based
on a direct comparison with a single similar system; Engineering is a detailed, bottom-up build from parts and labor;
Delphi is based on expert consensus.
Question 2: The majority of a defense system's total life cycle costs (LCC) are locked in and
can be directly attributed to decisions made during which phase of the acquisition lifecycle?
A. Production and Deployment
B. Operations and Support (O&S;)
C. Early-phase design and requirements definition
D. Disposal and Demilitarization
ANSWER ■: C — Early-phase design and requirements definition
Explanation: Up to 70-80% of a system's life cycle costs are determined and locked in by early design decisions and
requirements definitions made during the Materiel Solution Analysis (MSA) and Technology Maturation & Risk
Reduction (TMRR) phases, even though the actual funds are spent much later.
Approved for study and educational reference. Strictly grounded in core program materials. Page 3
, DEFENSE ACQUISITION AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORTABILITY EXAM REVIEW 2026-2027 UPDATE
Question 3: While early decisions lock in the majority of life cycle costs, which phase of a
defense system's lifecycle represents the largest distribution of actual cost expenditures?
A. Research, Development, Test & Evaluation (RDT&E;)
B. Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD)
C. Procurement of Prime Mission Equipment
D. Operations and Support (O&S;)
ANSWER ■: D — Operations and Support (O&S;)
Explanation: The Operations and Support (O&S;) phase represents the largest actual expenditure of a weapon
system's life cycle cost, frequently accounting for 60-80% of the total, covering operations, maintenance, support, and
personnel.
Question 4: A software costing method that utilizes a team of experts working both
independently and together to combine different estimating approaches and arrive at a
collective judgment through iterative consensus is known as the:
A. Wideband Delphi costing method
B. Parametric regression method
C. Analogy cost-estimating technique
D. Bottom-up engineering estimation
ANSWER ■: A — Wideband Delphi costing method
Explanation: The Wideband Delphi method is an expert-consensus costing method where a team of specialists work
independently and then collectively share, debate, and refine their estimates in multiple rounds until a consensus is
reached.
Question 5: Which of the following elements are included in the calculation of a system's
Program Acquisition Cost?
A. Only Research, Development, Test & Evaluation (RDT&E;) and Operations & Support (O&S;) costs.
B. All costs associated with developing, procuring, and housing (military construction) a weapon system.
C. Procurement of Prime Mission Equipment and disposal costs only.
D. The total life cycle cost including O&S; and disposal.
ANSWER ■: B — All costs associated with developing, procuring, and housing (military construction) a
weapon system.
Explanation: Program Acquisition Cost consists of all costs associated with developing, procuring, and housing
(military construction) a weapon system. Formally, it is the sum of RDT&E;, Procurement (Prime Mission Equipment,
Support Equipment, Initial Spares), and Military Construction (MILCON). It excludes O&S; and Disposal.
Approved for study and educational reference. Strictly grounded in core program materials. Page 4
INTERNATIONAL EXPORTABILITY
100-Question Exam Review & Test Bank (2026-2027 Update)
About This Test Bank: This reference book is compiled specifically for acquisition professionals and
students preparing for the ACQ 202 Defense Acquisition & International Exportability certification and
review examinations. It covers critical concepts across cost modeling, software sustainment, capabilities
requirements, joint programs, technology security, and security cooperation financing. All questions are
presented with complete explanations to ensure deep mastery of the material.
Resource Title: ACQ 202 Courseware & International Exportability Study Guide
Focus Areas: Cost Estimating, Capability Requirements, and International Cooperation (IA&E;)
Academic Year: 2026-2027 Update Exam Preparation Baseline
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ACQUISITION REVIEW SERIES
ACQ 202 TEST BANK & COMPREHENSIVE STUDY SYSTEM
,DEFENSE ACQUISITION AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORTABILITY EXAM REVIEW 2026-2027 UPDATE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Cost Estimating, Modeling, and Life Cycle Management (Questions 1 - 35) Page 3
Chapter 2: Capability Requirements, Affordability, and Joint Programs (Questions 36 - 60) Page 18
Chapter 3: International Acquisition & Exportability (IA&E;) (Questions 61 - 100) Page 30
Approved for study and educational reference. Strictly grounded in core program materials. Page 2
,DEFENSE ACQUISITION AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORTABILITY EXAM REVIEW 2026-2027 UPDATE
CHAPTER 1: COST ESTIMATING, MODELING, AND LIFE CYCLE
MANAGEMENT
Question 1: Which of the following software-costing models bases cost estimates upon
historical statistical data, such as Source Lines of Code (SLOC) or Function Points, to
establish cost-estimating relationships (CERs)?
A. Engineering (Bottom-Up) model
B. Analogy model
C. Parametric costing model
D. Delphi expert consensus model
ANSWER ■: C — Parametric costing model
Explanation: A parametric costing model bases cost estimates on historical statistical data, such as Source Lines of
Code (SLOC) or physical parameters, to build mathematical cost-estimating relationships (CERs). Analogy is based
on a direct comparison with a single similar system; Engineering is a detailed, bottom-up build from parts and labor;
Delphi is based on expert consensus.
Question 2: The majority of a defense system's total life cycle costs (LCC) are locked in and
can be directly attributed to decisions made during which phase of the acquisition lifecycle?
A. Production and Deployment
B. Operations and Support (O&S;)
C. Early-phase design and requirements definition
D. Disposal and Demilitarization
ANSWER ■: C — Early-phase design and requirements definition
Explanation: Up to 70-80% of a system's life cycle costs are determined and locked in by early design decisions and
requirements definitions made during the Materiel Solution Analysis (MSA) and Technology Maturation & Risk
Reduction (TMRR) phases, even though the actual funds are spent much later.
Approved for study and educational reference. Strictly grounded in core program materials. Page 3
, DEFENSE ACQUISITION AND INTERNATIONAL EXPORTABILITY EXAM REVIEW 2026-2027 UPDATE
Question 3: While early decisions lock in the majority of life cycle costs, which phase of a
defense system's lifecycle represents the largest distribution of actual cost expenditures?
A. Research, Development, Test & Evaluation (RDT&E;)
B. Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD)
C. Procurement of Prime Mission Equipment
D. Operations and Support (O&S;)
ANSWER ■: D — Operations and Support (O&S;)
Explanation: The Operations and Support (O&S;) phase represents the largest actual expenditure of a weapon
system's life cycle cost, frequently accounting for 60-80% of the total, covering operations, maintenance, support, and
personnel.
Question 4: A software costing method that utilizes a team of experts working both
independently and together to combine different estimating approaches and arrive at a
collective judgment through iterative consensus is known as the:
A. Wideband Delphi costing method
B. Parametric regression method
C. Analogy cost-estimating technique
D. Bottom-up engineering estimation
ANSWER ■: A — Wideband Delphi costing method
Explanation: The Wideband Delphi method is an expert-consensus costing method where a team of specialists work
independently and then collectively share, debate, and refine their estimates in multiple rounds until a consensus is
reached.
Question 5: Which of the following elements are included in the calculation of a system's
Program Acquisition Cost?
A. Only Research, Development, Test & Evaluation (RDT&E;) and Operations & Support (O&S;) costs.
B. All costs associated with developing, procuring, and housing (military construction) a weapon system.
C. Procurement of Prime Mission Equipment and disposal costs only.
D. The total life cycle cost including O&S; and disposal.
ANSWER ■: B — All costs associated with developing, procuring, and housing (military construction) a
weapon system.
Explanation: Program Acquisition Cost consists of all costs associated with developing, procuring, and housing
(military construction) a weapon system. Formally, it is the sum of RDT&E;, Procurement (Prime Mission Equipment,
Support Equipment, Initial Spares), and Military Construction (MILCON). It excludes O&S; and Disposal.
Approved for study and educational reference. Strictly grounded in core program materials. Page 4
