ORTHOPEDIC NURSING EXAMINATION TEST
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ Osteoarthritis (OA). Answer: degenerative joint disease; most
common joint disorder. combination of carilage degradation, bone
stifening, and inflammation of the synovium causes pain and
functional impairment joints feel wrose the more they are used
throughout the day.
◉ Modifiable Risk Factors of OA. Answer: obesity
repeptitive use
◉ Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for OA. Answer: increased age
female previous joint damage deformity genetic susceptibility
◉ Symptoms of OA. Answer: Deep, aching joint pain, occurring
especially after exercise or weight-bearing; relieved with rest.
Joint pain during cold weather
Stiffness when arising in the morning
Crepitus of the joint during motion
Joint swelling
Altered gait
Limited range of motion
,Muscle weakness around arthritic joints.
Over time, pain is present even when you are at rest
Pain that is worse when you start activities after a period of no
activity.
◉ Goals of Treatment of OA. Answer: increase the strength of the
joints
maintain or improve joint movement reduce the disabling effects of
the disease relieve pain the treatment depends on which joints are
involved
◉ Lifestyle Recommendations for OA. Answer: Exercise helps
maintain joint and overall movement.
Water exercises
Applying heat and cold
Eating a healthy, balanced diet
Getting rest
Losing weight if you are overweight
Protecting the joints
◉ Diagnosis & Treatment of OA. Answer: a physical exam may
show:
-joint swelling (bones around the joints may feel larger than normal)
-limited ROM
-tenderness when the joint is pressed
-normal movement is often painful.
, *no blood test are helpful in diagnosing OA
*an x-ray of affected joints will show a loss of join space.
*in advanced cases, there will be a wearing down of the ends of the
bone and bone spurs..
◉ Medications for OA. Answer: OTC pain relievers: Tylenol
NSAIDS: asprin, ibuprofen, and naproxen
Celebrex (a COX-2 inhibitor) may work as well as other NSAIDs
Corticosterioids injected right into the joint- relief lasts only a short
time.
Supplements: glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate
Capsaicin (Zostrix): skin cream may help relieve pain; relief usually
begins within 1-2 weeks.
Artificial joint fluid can be injected into knee. May relieve pain for 3-
6 months.
◉ Prognosis: Prevention of OA. Answer: weight loss can reduce the
risk of knee OA in overweight women.
◉ Osteoporosis. Answer: A condition in which the body's bones
become weak and break easily.
"porous bone"
◉ risks for osteoporosis. Answer: age, gender, genetics, nutrition, and
physical activity
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
◉ Osteoarthritis (OA). Answer: degenerative joint disease; most
common joint disorder. combination of carilage degradation, bone
stifening, and inflammation of the synovium causes pain and
functional impairment joints feel wrose the more they are used
throughout the day.
◉ Modifiable Risk Factors of OA. Answer: obesity
repeptitive use
◉ Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for OA. Answer: increased age
female previous joint damage deformity genetic susceptibility
◉ Symptoms of OA. Answer: Deep, aching joint pain, occurring
especially after exercise or weight-bearing; relieved with rest.
Joint pain during cold weather
Stiffness when arising in the morning
Crepitus of the joint during motion
Joint swelling
Altered gait
Limited range of motion
,Muscle weakness around arthritic joints.
Over time, pain is present even when you are at rest
Pain that is worse when you start activities after a period of no
activity.
◉ Goals of Treatment of OA. Answer: increase the strength of the
joints
maintain or improve joint movement reduce the disabling effects of
the disease relieve pain the treatment depends on which joints are
involved
◉ Lifestyle Recommendations for OA. Answer: Exercise helps
maintain joint and overall movement.
Water exercises
Applying heat and cold
Eating a healthy, balanced diet
Getting rest
Losing weight if you are overweight
Protecting the joints
◉ Diagnosis & Treatment of OA. Answer: a physical exam may
show:
-joint swelling (bones around the joints may feel larger than normal)
-limited ROM
-tenderness when the joint is pressed
-normal movement is often painful.
, *no blood test are helpful in diagnosing OA
*an x-ray of affected joints will show a loss of join space.
*in advanced cases, there will be a wearing down of the ends of the
bone and bone spurs..
◉ Medications for OA. Answer: OTC pain relievers: Tylenol
NSAIDS: asprin, ibuprofen, and naproxen
Celebrex (a COX-2 inhibitor) may work as well as other NSAIDs
Corticosterioids injected right into the joint- relief lasts only a short
time.
Supplements: glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate
Capsaicin (Zostrix): skin cream may help relieve pain; relief usually
begins within 1-2 weeks.
Artificial joint fluid can be injected into knee. May relieve pain for 3-
6 months.
◉ Prognosis: Prevention of OA. Answer: weight loss can reduce the
risk of knee OA in overweight women.
◉ Osteoporosis. Answer: A condition in which the body's bones
become weak and break easily.
"porous bone"
◉ risks for osteoporosis. Answer: age, gender, genetics, nutrition, and
physical activity
