AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM PHARMACOLOGY
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. Which neurotransmitter may play a role in renal blood
flow
Answer:
Dopamine (DA).
Question:
2. What can drugs do to receptor function
Answer:
Enhance or reduce receptor activation.
Question:
3. How does PNS affect the heart
Answer:
Increases PNS dominance → decreases HR.
Question:
4. How does SNS affect the heart
Answer:
Increases SNS dominance → increases HR.
Question:
5. Which organs get innervation from only one system (SNS
or PNS)
Answer:
Few (e.g., sweat glands: sympathetic only).
Question:
6. What does the SNS prepare the body for
Answer:
Fight or flight response.
,Question:
7. SNS effect on eyes
Answer:
Pupil dilation (mydriasis).
Question:
8. SNS effect on mouth
Answer:
Decreased salivation → dry mouth.
Question:
9. SNS effect on respiratory system
Answer:
↑ respiratory rate and bronchodilation.
Question:
10. SNS effect on heart
Answer:
↑ HR and ↑ contractility (tachycardia).
Question:
11. SNS effect on GI system
Answer:
Decreased digestion; liver releases glucose.
Question:
12. SNS effect on urinary system
Answer:
Decreased urinary output.
Question:
13. What does PNS do after SNS activation
Answer:
Returns body to baseline/homeostasis.
Question:
14. What is the main neurotransmitter of the PNS
Answer:
Acetylcholine.
, Question:
15. What receptors are found in PNS
Answer:
Nicotinic and muscarinic.
Question:
16. What does Nicotinic N receptor do
Answer:
Promotes ganglionic transmission in SNS & PNS and epi release from adrenal
medulla.
Question:
17. What does Nicotinic M (muscle) receptor do?
Answer:
Skeletal muscle contraction.
Question:
18. What do muscarinic receptors do
Answer:
↑ glandular secretions, bronchoconstriction, GI contraction, ↓ HR, miosis,
vasodilation, bladder detrusor contraction.
Question:
19. What do adrenergic receptors respond to
Answer:
Epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Question:
20. Where are alpha 1 receptors found?
Answer:
eyes, blood vessels, male sex organs, prostatic capsule, and bladder
Question:
21. What does Alpha 1 receptor activation cause?
Answer:
Mydriasis, vasoconstriction, ejaculation, bladder/prostate contraction.
Question:
22. What does Alpha 2 receptor activation cause?
Answer:
Regulates neurotransmitter release at presynaptic terminals.
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. Which neurotransmitter may play a role in renal blood
flow
Answer:
Dopamine (DA).
Question:
2. What can drugs do to receptor function
Answer:
Enhance or reduce receptor activation.
Question:
3. How does PNS affect the heart
Answer:
Increases PNS dominance → decreases HR.
Question:
4. How does SNS affect the heart
Answer:
Increases SNS dominance → increases HR.
Question:
5. Which organs get innervation from only one system (SNS
or PNS)
Answer:
Few (e.g., sweat glands: sympathetic only).
Question:
6. What does the SNS prepare the body for
Answer:
Fight or flight response.
,Question:
7. SNS effect on eyes
Answer:
Pupil dilation (mydriasis).
Question:
8. SNS effect on mouth
Answer:
Decreased salivation → dry mouth.
Question:
9. SNS effect on respiratory system
Answer:
↑ respiratory rate and bronchodilation.
Question:
10. SNS effect on heart
Answer:
↑ HR and ↑ contractility (tachycardia).
Question:
11. SNS effect on GI system
Answer:
Decreased digestion; liver releases glucose.
Question:
12. SNS effect on urinary system
Answer:
Decreased urinary output.
Question:
13. What does PNS do after SNS activation
Answer:
Returns body to baseline/homeostasis.
Question:
14. What is the main neurotransmitter of the PNS
Answer:
Acetylcholine.
, Question:
15. What receptors are found in PNS
Answer:
Nicotinic and muscarinic.
Question:
16. What does Nicotinic N receptor do
Answer:
Promotes ganglionic transmission in SNS & PNS and epi release from adrenal
medulla.
Question:
17. What does Nicotinic M (muscle) receptor do?
Answer:
Skeletal muscle contraction.
Question:
18. What do muscarinic receptors do
Answer:
↑ glandular secretions, bronchoconstriction, GI contraction, ↓ HR, miosis,
vasodilation, bladder detrusor contraction.
Question:
19. What do adrenergic receptors respond to
Answer:
Epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Question:
20. Where are alpha 1 receptors found?
Answer:
eyes, blood vessels, male sex organs, prostatic capsule, and bladder
Question:
21. What does Alpha 1 receptor activation cause?
Answer:
Mydriasis, vasoconstriction, ejaculation, bladder/prostate contraction.
Question:
22. What does Alpha 2 receptor activation cause?
Answer:
Regulates neurotransmitter release at presynaptic terminals.
