HESI MED SURG PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SOLVED STUDY
GUIDE
◉ The nurse is assessing a client with bacterial meningitis. Which
assessment finding indicates the client may have developed septic
emboli?
A. Cyanosis of the fingertips.
B. Bradycardia and bradypnea.
C. Presence of S3 and S4 heart sounds.
D. 3+ pitting edema of the lower extremities. Answer: A. Cyanosis of
the fingertips.
Septic emboli secondary to meningitis commonly lodge in the small
arterioles of the extremities, causing a decrease in circulation to the
hands which may lead to gangrene.
◉ A 77-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital. She is
confused, has no appetite, is nauseated and vomiting, and is
complaining of a headache. Her pulse rate is 43 beats per minute. It is
most important for the nurse to assess for which finding?
A. Wearing dentures.
B. Use of aspirin prior to admit.
C. Prescribed nitroglycerin for chest pain.
D. Takes digitalis. Answer: D. Takes digitalis.
, Although it is important to obtain a complete medication history, the
symptoms described are classic for digitalis toxicity, and assessment
of this problem should be made promptly. Elderly persons are
particularly susceptible to digitalis intoxication which manifests itself
in such symptoms as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache,
and fatigue.
◉ A 58-year-old client who has been post-menopausal for five years
is concerned about the risk for osteoporosis because her mother has
the condition. Which information should the nurse offer?
A. Osteoporosis is a progressive genetic disease with no effective
treatment.
B. Calcium loss from bones can be slowed by increasing calcium
intake and exercise.
C. Estrogen replacement therapy should be started to prevent the
progression osteoporosis.
D. Low-dose corticosteroid treatment effectively halts the course of
osteoporosis. Answer: B. Calcium loss from bones can be slowed by
increasing calcium intake and exercise.
Post-menopausal females are at risk for osteoporosis due to the
cessation of estrogen secretion, but a regimen including calcium,
vitamin D, and weight-bearing exercise can help prevent further bone
loss.
◉ A client with heart disease is on a continuous telemetry monitor
and has developed sinus bradycardia. In determining the possible
cause of the bradycardia, the nurse assesses the client's medication
record. Which medication is most likely the cause of the bradycardia?
A. Propanolol.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SOLVED STUDY
GUIDE
◉ The nurse is assessing a client with bacterial meningitis. Which
assessment finding indicates the client may have developed septic
emboli?
A. Cyanosis of the fingertips.
B. Bradycardia and bradypnea.
C. Presence of S3 and S4 heart sounds.
D. 3+ pitting edema of the lower extremities. Answer: A. Cyanosis of
the fingertips.
Septic emboli secondary to meningitis commonly lodge in the small
arterioles of the extremities, causing a decrease in circulation to the
hands which may lead to gangrene.
◉ A 77-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital. She is
confused, has no appetite, is nauseated and vomiting, and is
complaining of a headache. Her pulse rate is 43 beats per minute. It is
most important for the nurse to assess for which finding?
A. Wearing dentures.
B. Use of aspirin prior to admit.
C. Prescribed nitroglycerin for chest pain.
D. Takes digitalis. Answer: D. Takes digitalis.
, Although it is important to obtain a complete medication history, the
symptoms described are classic for digitalis toxicity, and assessment
of this problem should be made promptly. Elderly persons are
particularly susceptible to digitalis intoxication which manifests itself
in such symptoms as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache,
and fatigue.
◉ A 58-year-old client who has been post-menopausal for five years
is concerned about the risk for osteoporosis because her mother has
the condition. Which information should the nurse offer?
A. Osteoporosis is a progressive genetic disease with no effective
treatment.
B. Calcium loss from bones can be slowed by increasing calcium
intake and exercise.
C. Estrogen replacement therapy should be started to prevent the
progression osteoporosis.
D. Low-dose corticosteroid treatment effectively halts the course of
osteoporosis. Answer: B. Calcium loss from bones can be slowed by
increasing calcium intake and exercise.
Post-menopausal females are at risk for osteoporosis due to the
cessation of estrogen secretion, but a regimen including calcium,
vitamin D, and weight-bearing exercise can help prevent further bone
loss.
◉ A client with heart disease is on a continuous telemetry monitor
and has developed sinus bradycardia. In determining the possible
cause of the bradycardia, the nurse assesses the client's medication
record. Which medication is most likely the cause of the bradycardia?
A. Propanolol.
