Western Governors University D 426
WGU D426 - Data Management
Foundations exam with all solution
Terms in this set (455)
Data numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that
describes real-world systems.
analog Historically, data was mostly_______, encoded as
continuous variations on various physical media.
digital Today, data is mostly________, encoded as zeros and ones
on electronic and magnetic media.
database a collection of data in a structured format. In
principle, can be stored on paper or even clay
tablets. In practice, however, modern ones are
invariably stored on computers.
database system / database software that reads and writes data in a database.
management system / DBMS ensure data is secure, internally consistent, and
available at all times. These functions are challenging
for large databases with many users, so data base
systems are complex.
,database application software that helps business users interact with
database systems.
database administrator - responsible for securing the database system
against unauthorized users.
- enforces procedures for user access and
database system availability.
database designer determines the format of each data element and the
overall database structure. Must balance several
priorities, including storage, response time, and
support for rules that govern the data. Since these
priorities often conflict, database design is
technically challenging.
database programmer develops computer programs that utilize a database.
database user - a consumer of data in a database.
request, update, or use stored data to generate
reports or information.
- usually access the database via applications but
can also submit queries directly to the database
system.
transaction a group of queries that must be either completed or
rejected as a whole. Execution of some, but not all,
queries results in inconsistent or incorrect data.
query processor - interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the
database or retrieve data, and returns query results
to the application.
- manages connections from multiple users and
compiles queries into low-level instructions for
the storage engine.
query optimization The query processor performs________to ensure the most
efficient instructions are executed on the data.
indexes used by the storage manager to quickly locate data.
transaction manager ensures transactions are properly executed.
log a file containing a complete record of all inserts,
updates, and deletes processed by the database.
relational database stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a
spreadsheet.
SQL includes statements that read and write data, create
and delete tables, and administer the database
system.
big data The growth of the internet in the 1990s generated
massive volumes of online data, often with poorly
structured or missing information.
,NoSQL The newer non-relational systems, for 'not only SQL',
and are optimized for big data.
Open source software that anyone can inspect, copy, and modify
with no licensing fee.
query a command for a database that typically inserts new
data, retrieves data, updates data, or deletes data from
a database.
query language a computer programming language for writing
database queries.
CRUD The four common queries are an acronym for Create,
Read, Update, and Delete data.
SELECT retrieves data from a table.
UPDATE modifies data in a table.
CREATE TABLE creates a new table by specifying the table and
column names.
data type Each column is assigned a_______that indicates the format
of column values and can be numeric, textual, or
complex.
database design a specification of database objects such as tables,
columns, data types, and indexes. Also refers to the
process used to develop the specification.
analysis specifies database requirements without regard to a
specific database system.
ER diagrams depicts entities, relationships, and attributes.
logical design implements database requirements in a specific
database system. specifies tables, columns, and keys.
key a column used to identify individual rows of a table.
table diagram depicts the logical design.
schema The logical design, as specified in SQL and depicted in
a table diagram.
data independence The principle that physical design never affects query
results.
application programming interface / a library of procedures or classes that links a
API host programming language to a database.
, MySQL a leading relational database system sponsored by
Oracle.
MySQL Community /MySQL Server a free edition.
MySQL Enterprise a paid edition for managing commercial databases,
includes MySQL Server and additional
administrative applications.
root account the administrative account that has full control of MySQL.
MySQL Command-Line Client a text interface included in the MySQL Server
download. allows developers to connect to the
database server, perform administrative functions,
and execute SQL statements.
error code returned by MySQL Server with a description
when an SQL statement is syntactically incorrect
or the database cannot execute the statement.
MySQL Workbench is installed with MySQL Server and allows
developers to execute SQL commands using an
editor.
database model a conceptual framework for database systems, with
three parts:
- Data structures: that prescribe how data is organized.
- Operations: that manipulate data structures.
- Rules: that govern valid data.
relational model a database model based on a tabular data
structure. The model was published in 1970 by E.
F. Codd of IBM and released in commercial
products around 1980. The data structure,
operations, and rules are standardized in SQL, the
universal query language of relational databases.
set an unordered collection of elements enclosed in
braces.
tuple an ordered collection of elements enclosed in
parentheses.
Relational rules part of the relational model and govern data in
every relational database.
Business rules based on business policy and specific to a
particular database.
Structured Query Language / SQL a high-level computer language for storing,
manipulating, and retrieving data.
statement a complete command composed of one or more
clauses. An SQL is a database command, such as
a query that
inserts, selects, updates, or deletes data.
WGU D426 - Data Management
Foundations exam with all solution
Terms in this set (455)
Data numeric, textual, visual, or audio information that
describes real-world systems.
analog Historically, data was mostly_______, encoded as
continuous variations on various physical media.
digital Today, data is mostly________, encoded as zeros and ones
on electronic and magnetic media.
database a collection of data in a structured format. In
principle, can be stored on paper or even clay
tablets. In practice, however, modern ones are
invariably stored on computers.
database system / database software that reads and writes data in a database.
management system / DBMS ensure data is secure, internally consistent, and
available at all times. These functions are challenging
for large databases with many users, so data base
systems are complex.
,database application software that helps business users interact with
database systems.
database administrator - responsible for securing the database system
against unauthorized users.
- enforces procedures for user access and
database system availability.
database designer determines the format of each data element and the
overall database structure. Must balance several
priorities, including storage, response time, and
support for rules that govern the data. Since these
priorities often conflict, database design is
technically challenging.
database programmer develops computer programs that utilize a database.
database user - a consumer of data in a database.
request, update, or use stored data to generate
reports or information.
- usually access the database via applications but
can also submit queries directly to the database
system.
transaction a group of queries that must be either completed or
rejected as a whole. Execution of some, but not all,
queries results in inconsistent or incorrect data.
query processor - interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the
database or retrieve data, and returns query results
to the application.
- manages connections from multiple users and
compiles queries into low-level instructions for
the storage engine.
query optimization The query processor performs________to ensure the most
efficient instructions are executed on the data.
indexes used by the storage manager to quickly locate data.
transaction manager ensures transactions are properly executed.
log a file containing a complete record of all inserts,
updates, and deletes processed by the database.
relational database stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a
spreadsheet.
SQL includes statements that read and write data, create
and delete tables, and administer the database
system.
big data The growth of the internet in the 1990s generated
massive volumes of online data, often with poorly
structured or missing information.
,NoSQL The newer non-relational systems, for 'not only SQL',
and are optimized for big data.
Open source software that anyone can inspect, copy, and modify
with no licensing fee.
query a command for a database that typically inserts new
data, retrieves data, updates data, or deletes data from
a database.
query language a computer programming language for writing
database queries.
CRUD The four common queries are an acronym for Create,
Read, Update, and Delete data.
SELECT retrieves data from a table.
UPDATE modifies data in a table.
CREATE TABLE creates a new table by specifying the table and
column names.
data type Each column is assigned a_______that indicates the format
of column values and can be numeric, textual, or
complex.
database design a specification of database objects such as tables,
columns, data types, and indexes. Also refers to the
process used to develop the specification.
analysis specifies database requirements without regard to a
specific database system.
ER diagrams depicts entities, relationships, and attributes.
logical design implements database requirements in a specific
database system. specifies tables, columns, and keys.
key a column used to identify individual rows of a table.
table diagram depicts the logical design.
schema The logical design, as specified in SQL and depicted in
a table diagram.
data independence The principle that physical design never affects query
results.
application programming interface / a library of procedures or classes that links a
API host programming language to a database.
, MySQL a leading relational database system sponsored by
Oracle.
MySQL Community /MySQL Server a free edition.
MySQL Enterprise a paid edition for managing commercial databases,
includes MySQL Server and additional
administrative applications.
root account the administrative account that has full control of MySQL.
MySQL Command-Line Client a text interface included in the MySQL Server
download. allows developers to connect to the
database server, perform administrative functions,
and execute SQL statements.
error code returned by MySQL Server with a description
when an SQL statement is syntactically incorrect
or the database cannot execute the statement.
MySQL Workbench is installed with MySQL Server and allows
developers to execute SQL commands using an
editor.
database model a conceptual framework for database systems, with
three parts:
- Data structures: that prescribe how data is organized.
- Operations: that manipulate data structures.
- Rules: that govern valid data.
relational model a database model based on a tabular data
structure. The model was published in 1970 by E.
F. Codd of IBM and released in commercial
products around 1980. The data structure,
operations, and rules are standardized in SQL, the
universal query language of relational databases.
set an unordered collection of elements enclosed in
braces.
tuple an ordered collection of elements enclosed in
parentheses.
Relational rules part of the relational model and govern data in
every relational database.
Business rules based on business policy and specific to a
particular database.
Structured Query Language / SQL a high-level computer language for storing,
manipulating, and retrieving data.
statement a complete command composed of one or more
clauses. An SQL is a database command, such as
a query that
inserts, selects, updates, or deletes data.
