University of South Alabama NU 545
Pathophysiology: Exam 1 University
of South Alabama
Terms in this set (143)
Etiology Cause(s) for disease or condition
idiopathic disease or disorder w/ unknown cause
iatrogenic a disease or disorder acquired as a result of a physician's
words or actions.
risk factors characteristics or behaviors that increase the likelihood of
developing a medical disorder or disease
Pathophysiology the study of how disease processes affect the function of the
body
Clinical Manifestations signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
symptom is subjective; reported by the individual
sign is objective; examinations, lab work, x-rays/imaging
diagnosis Identification of an injury or disease; how do you know
what's wrong?
treatment steps applied toward recovery; what will you do about it?
latent period (incubation period) the time elapsed from being exposed; NO signs or symptoms
prodromal period short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms such as
headaches or fatigue
acute phase (manifest illness) biggest point of symptoms
subclinical stage of disease patient functions normally; disease processes are well
established (symptoms don't show; too much damage)
Acute or chronic Happening now; ex: I fell out and had a heart
attack Chronic means ongoing condition/no
cure
exacerbations and remissions Exacerbations- really bad flare up
Remissions- little to NO flare
ups
sequela abnormal condition or complication that is caused by the
original disease and remains after the original disease has
resolved
ex; having a stroke can cause you to be weak on one
side, blindness, etc
,factors affecting disease age, gender, genetics, culture
, primary prevention prevention of a disease
ex; improved nutrition, immunizations, safety precautions
secondary prevention early detection of disease
ex; physical exams or routine screenings
tertiary prevention treatment of disease
ex; surgery or rehabilitation
function of plasma membrane to regulate what goes into and out of the cell, separates
inside fluid from outside fluid
what happens if the plasma membrane is ...
injured?
what provides most of the membranes member proteins
functions? member proteins transport charged ions in and out (look at it
as a gate that opens up and down)
How do large molecules cross endocytosis of plasma membrane
the membrane?
Two types of endocytosis: Pinocytosis - cellular drinking
Phagocytosis - cellular eating
function of sodium potassium pump controls solute concentration;
LOW sodium inside cell (more sodium OUTSIDE)
HIGH potassium outside (low potassium INSIDE)
is energy (atp) required for the sodium yes
potassium pump?
function of mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell, cellular respiration
aerobic metabolism Happens inside of the mitochondria
Requires oxygen
anerobic metabolism when glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen and it
yields only 2 ATP; also called glycolysis
happens outside of mitochondria
What are free radicals? unstable oxygen-containing molecules that can damage the
cells of the body and possibly contribute to the increased risk
of chronic diseases; also called OXIDANTS
what will counteract a free radical? ANTIOXIDANTS such as vitamins A, E, C, and beta-carotene
function of lysomes digestive enzyme; Digests worn out cell parts
WBC's contain many lysomes
what do ribosomes manufacture? protein synthesis in cells; commands directed by the nucleus
What houses the DNA of a cell? nucleus
Pathophysiology: Exam 1 University
of South Alabama
Terms in this set (143)
Etiology Cause(s) for disease or condition
idiopathic disease or disorder w/ unknown cause
iatrogenic a disease or disorder acquired as a result of a physician's
words or actions.
risk factors characteristics or behaviors that increase the likelihood of
developing a medical disorder or disease
Pathophysiology the study of how disease processes affect the function of the
body
Clinical Manifestations signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
symptom is subjective; reported by the individual
sign is objective; examinations, lab work, x-rays/imaging
diagnosis Identification of an injury or disease; how do you know
what's wrong?
treatment steps applied toward recovery; what will you do about it?
latent period (incubation period) the time elapsed from being exposed; NO signs or symptoms
prodromal period short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms such as
headaches or fatigue
acute phase (manifest illness) biggest point of symptoms
subclinical stage of disease patient functions normally; disease processes are well
established (symptoms don't show; too much damage)
Acute or chronic Happening now; ex: I fell out and had a heart
attack Chronic means ongoing condition/no
cure
exacerbations and remissions Exacerbations- really bad flare up
Remissions- little to NO flare
ups
sequela abnormal condition or complication that is caused by the
original disease and remains after the original disease has
resolved
ex; having a stroke can cause you to be weak on one
side, blindness, etc
,factors affecting disease age, gender, genetics, culture
, primary prevention prevention of a disease
ex; improved nutrition, immunizations, safety precautions
secondary prevention early detection of disease
ex; physical exams or routine screenings
tertiary prevention treatment of disease
ex; surgery or rehabilitation
function of plasma membrane to regulate what goes into and out of the cell, separates
inside fluid from outside fluid
what happens if the plasma membrane is ...
injured?
what provides most of the membranes member proteins
functions? member proteins transport charged ions in and out (look at it
as a gate that opens up and down)
How do large molecules cross endocytosis of plasma membrane
the membrane?
Two types of endocytosis: Pinocytosis - cellular drinking
Phagocytosis - cellular eating
function of sodium potassium pump controls solute concentration;
LOW sodium inside cell (more sodium OUTSIDE)
HIGH potassium outside (low potassium INSIDE)
is energy (atp) required for the sodium yes
potassium pump?
function of mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell, cellular respiration
aerobic metabolism Happens inside of the mitochondria
Requires oxygen
anerobic metabolism when glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen and it
yields only 2 ATP; also called glycolysis
happens outside of mitochondria
What are free radicals? unstable oxygen-containing molecules that can damage the
cells of the body and possibly contribute to the increased risk
of chronic diseases; also called OXIDANTS
what will counteract a free radical? ANTIOXIDANTS such as vitamins A, E, C, and beta-carotene
function of lysomes digestive enzyme; Digests worn out cell parts
WBC's contain many lysomes
what do ribosomes manufacture? protein synthesis in cells; commands directed by the nucleus
What houses the DNA of a cell? nucleus
