GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING
NSG 100 Exam 2
Practice Question Bank
Fundamentals of Nursing — NCLEX-Style Practice Questions with
Rationales
Comprehensive Review: Safety, Sensory/Cognitive Alterations, Oxygenation &
More
Edition 1 · July 2026
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
NSG 100 · Galen College of Nursing Page 1
,NSG 100 EXAM 2 PRACTICE GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is.
Category: Fundamentals of Nursing — Safety, Sensory/Cognitive,
Oxygenation
1 An adverse event is defined as:
A An error that could have harmed a patient but did not
B Unintended harm by an act of wrongdoing or omission rather than harm occurring
as a result of disease
C An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
D A preventable event that always causes harm
Why B is correct: An adverse event is unintended harm from an act of commission or
omission, not from the underlying disease.
A — This describes a near miss.
C — This describes a sentinel event.
D — Adverse events may not always cause harm.
,2 Examples of adverse events include:
A Near misses only
B Patient falls, medication errors, and surgical site infections
C Sentinel events only
D Only medication errors
Why B is correct: Adverse events include patient falls, medication errors, and surgical site
infections.
A — Near misses are not adverse events.
C — Sentinel events are a subset of adverse events.
D — This is incomplete.
3 A near miss is defined as:
A An error that caused patient harm
B An error that could have harmed a patient but did not as a result of chance, or was
caught before damage occurred
C An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
D An error that always leads to serious injury
Why B is correct: A near miss is an error that could have caused harm but did not because
it was caught or by chance.
A — Near misses do not cause harm.
C — This describes a sentinel event.
D — Near misses do not cause injury.
, 4 A sentinel event is defined as:
A An error that could have harmed a patient but did not
B Unintended harm by an act of wrongdoing or omission
C An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
D A common medication error
Why C is correct: A sentinel event is an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious
injury.
A — This describes a near miss.
B — This describes an adverse event.
D — Sentinel events are not common.
5 Factors that influence a safe healthcare environment include:
A Organizational culture of safety, communication, teamwork, staff training, and
competency
B Only communication and teamwork
C Only staff training and competency
D Organizational culture of safety, communication, teamwork, staff training, and
competency
Why D is correct: A safe healthcare environment is influenced by culture, communication,
teamwork, training, and competency.
A — This is correct but D is the complete answer.
B — This is incomplete.
C — This is incomplete.
NSG 100 Exam 2
Practice Question Bank
Fundamentals of Nursing — NCLEX-Style Practice Questions with
Rationales
Comprehensive Review: Safety, Sensory/Cognitive Alterations, Oxygenation &
More
Edition 1 · July 2026
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
NSG 100 · Galen College of Nursing Page 1
,NSG 100 EXAM 2 PRACTICE GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is.
Category: Fundamentals of Nursing — Safety, Sensory/Cognitive,
Oxygenation
1 An adverse event is defined as:
A An error that could have harmed a patient but did not
B Unintended harm by an act of wrongdoing or omission rather than harm occurring
as a result of disease
C An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
D A preventable event that always causes harm
Why B is correct: An adverse event is unintended harm from an act of commission or
omission, not from the underlying disease.
A — This describes a near miss.
C — This describes a sentinel event.
D — Adverse events may not always cause harm.
,2 Examples of adverse events include:
A Near misses only
B Patient falls, medication errors, and surgical site infections
C Sentinel events only
D Only medication errors
Why B is correct: Adverse events include patient falls, medication errors, and surgical site
infections.
A — Near misses are not adverse events.
C — Sentinel events are a subset of adverse events.
D — This is incomplete.
3 A near miss is defined as:
A An error that caused patient harm
B An error that could have harmed a patient but did not as a result of chance, or was
caught before damage occurred
C An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
D An error that always leads to serious injury
Why B is correct: A near miss is an error that could have caused harm but did not because
it was caught or by chance.
A — Near misses do not cause harm.
C — This describes a sentinel event.
D — Near misses do not cause injury.
, 4 A sentinel event is defined as:
A An error that could have harmed a patient but did not
B Unintended harm by an act of wrongdoing or omission
C An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury
D A common medication error
Why C is correct: A sentinel event is an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious
injury.
A — This describes a near miss.
B — This describes an adverse event.
D — Sentinel events are not common.
5 Factors that influence a safe healthcare environment include:
A Organizational culture of safety, communication, teamwork, staff training, and
competency
B Only communication and teamwork
C Only staff training and competency
D Organizational culture of safety, communication, teamwork, staff training, and
competency
Why D is correct: A safe healthcare environment is influenced by culture, communication,
teamwork, training, and competency.
A — This is correct but D is the complete answer.
B — This is incomplete.
C — This is incomplete.
