BCIT 7150 MIDTERM UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Beginning of module #1:
Heart sound: S1
Answer:
closure of the mitral and tricuspid valve
heard at beginning systole
Question:
2. Heart sound: S2
Answer:
closure of aortic and pulmonic valve
heard at end of systole
Question:
3. Heart sound: S3
Answer:
rapid filling of the ventricle during early diastole
heard after S2
Question:
4. Heart sound: S4
Answer:
sound of atrial contraction against a distended ventricle
heard before S1
Question:
5. Stroke volume
Answer:
amount of blood ejected with each contraction
mL/beat
Question:
6. Cardiac output
Answer:
HR x SV
one will compensate for the other by increasing or decreasing (mostly HR)
,Question:
7. What can impact stroke volume?
Answer:
Contractility, preload, afterload
Question:
8. Preload
Answer:
the volume of blood in the ventricles at end-diastole
Question:
9. Preload is influenced by:
Answer:
Venous return
Question:
10. Afterload
Answer:
force that the ventricles must pump to force blood out
Question:
11. With increased resistance, the heart must ___________ more
forcefully to maintain normal workload
Answer:
Contract
Question:
12. Afterload is influenced by...
Answer:
diameter of vessel (vascular tone), valve diameter and blood viscosity
Question:
13. What implication does increased resistance of afterload
have on O2 demand?
Answer:
The heart will have to pump harder (contractility increased) in order to force
blood out --> this will increase workload --> increase myocardial oxygen demand
, Question:
14. Starlings Law
Answer:
If preload decreases, so will contractility of the heart
Question:
15. What increases or decreases vascular tone?
Answer:
vasoconstriction or vasodilation
Question:
16. Vasoconstriction leads to a decrease/increase in
afterload?
Answer:
Increase
Question:
17. Vasodilation leads to a decrease/increase in afterload?
Answer:
Decrease
Question:
18. What causes vasoconstriction?
Answer:
catecholamines (EPI, nor-EPI) coming from adrenal gland
hypothermia
drugs
Question:
19. What causes vasodilation?
Answer:
hyperthermia
drugs
systemic infection
Question:
20. Contractility
Answer:
ability of the hearts myofibrils to change strength
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Beginning of module #1:
Heart sound: S1
Answer:
closure of the mitral and tricuspid valve
heard at beginning systole
Question:
2. Heart sound: S2
Answer:
closure of aortic and pulmonic valve
heard at end of systole
Question:
3. Heart sound: S3
Answer:
rapid filling of the ventricle during early diastole
heard after S2
Question:
4. Heart sound: S4
Answer:
sound of atrial contraction against a distended ventricle
heard before S1
Question:
5. Stroke volume
Answer:
amount of blood ejected with each contraction
mL/beat
Question:
6. Cardiac output
Answer:
HR x SV
one will compensate for the other by increasing or decreasing (mostly HR)
,Question:
7. What can impact stroke volume?
Answer:
Contractility, preload, afterload
Question:
8. Preload
Answer:
the volume of blood in the ventricles at end-diastole
Question:
9. Preload is influenced by:
Answer:
Venous return
Question:
10. Afterload
Answer:
force that the ventricles must pump to force blood out
Question:
11. With increased resistance, the heart must ___________ more
forcefully to maintain normal workload
Answer:
Contract
Question:
12. Afterload is influenced by...
Answer:
diameter of vessel (vascular tone), valve diameter and blood viscosity
Question:
13. What implication does increased resistance of afterload
have on O2 demand?
Answer:
The heart will have to pump harder (contractility increased) in order to force
blood out --> this will increase workload --> increase myocardial oxygen demand
, Question:
14. Starlings Law
Answer:
If preload decreases, so will contractility of the heart
Question:
15. What increases or decreases vascular tone?
Answer:
vasoconstriction or vasodilation
Question:
16. Vasoconstriction leads to a decrease/increase in
afterload?
Answer:
Increase
Question:
17. Vasodilation leads to a decrease/increase in afterload?
Answer:
Decrease
Question:
18. What causes vasoconstriction?
Answer:
catecholamines (EPI, nor-EPI) coming from adrenal gland
hypothermia
drugs
Question:
19. What causes vasodilation?
Answer:
hyperthermia
drugs
systemic infection
Question:
20. Contractility
Answer:
ability of the hearts myofibrils to change strength
