BIO 220 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE GCU UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Factors that limit population size
Answer:
disease, war, famine, migration, high infant mortality, cultural factors (late
marriage) etc.
Question:
2. Carrying Capacity
Answer:
number of organisms in a given species that can be supported indefinitely
Question:
3. Malthus
Answer:
Wrote "An Essay on the Principle of Population" 1798
-predicts population (exponential growth) will outgrow food supply (steady
growth)--environmental degradation
Question:
4. Demography
Answer:
-The scientific study of population ecology to the study of humans
-Vital statistics: population size, structure, sex, age, BR, DR, migration
Question:
5. Crude Birth Rate
Answer:
number of births per year for every 1,000 people
Question:
6. Crude Death Rate
Answer:
number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people
,Question:
7. Marx
Answer:
Argues population growth results from poverty and resource depletion
Question:
8. Zero Population Growth
Answer:
occurs when birth rate and death rate are equal/stable
Question:
9. Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
Answer:
estimated average number of children a woman produces in her child bearing
years
Question:
10. Replacement Fertility Rate
Answer:
number of offspring a couple produces to replace themselves
Question:
11. Natural Growth Rate
Answer:
the difference between the crude birthrate and crude death rate (BR - DR)
Question:
12. Factors that affect life expectancy.
Answer:
-age
-healthcare/technology
-nutritious food
-better sanitation
-awareness/availability of resources (health care)
Question:
13. Dependency Ratio
Answer:
-number of non-working compared to working individuals in a population
-US concern: not enough incoming working class to replace retired
, Question:
14. Poverty & Population Growth factors
Answer:
-higher poverty levels equate to higher population growth
-economic development allows for population control (education in family
planning & access to resources)
Question:
15. Empowering women
Answer:
-education plays vital role in giving women the power to make decisions
regarding their lives and reproductive behavior.
-women make up 70% of poor and 64% of illiterate individuals in world population
Question:
16. Demographic Transition
Answer:
-model of economic and cultural change to explain decline BR & DR in
industrializing nations
-need for large families lessens with mortality
-focus is on quality of life
Question:
17. Less developed countries (LDC)
Answer:
-80% of world population
-account for 90% of projected growth (high birthrate)
-young, poor and rapidly growing
-Africa, Asia, Latin America
Question:
18. Most developed countries (MDC)
Answer:
-populations expected to stabilize or decline
-wealthy, old, mostly shrinking
-average age: 40
-North America, Western Europe, Japan
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Factors that limit population size
Answer:
disease, war, famine, migration, high infant mortality, cultural factors (late
marriage) etc.
Question:
2. Carrying Capacity
Answer:
number of organisms in a given species that can be supported indefinitely
Question:
3. Malthus
Answer:
Wrote "An Essay on the Principle of Population" 1798
-predicts population (exponential growth) will outgrow food supply (steady
growth)--environmental degradation
Question:
4. Demography
Answer:
-The scientific study of population ecology to the study of humans
-Vital statistics: population size, structure, sex, age, BR, DR, migration
Question:
5. Crude Birth Rate
Answer:
number of births per year for every 1,000 people
Question:
6. Crude Death Rate
Answer:
number of deaths per year for every 1,000 people
,Question:
7. Marx
Answer:
Argues population growth results from poverty and resource depletion
Question:
8. Zero Population Growth
Answer:
occurs when birth rate and death rate are equal/stable
Question:
9. Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
Answer:
estimated average number of children a woman produces in her child bearing
years
Question:
10. Replacement Fertility Rate
Answer:
number of offspring a couple produces to replace themselves
Question:
11. Natural Growth Rate
Answer:
the difference between the crude birthrate and crude death rate (BR - DR)
Question:
12. Factors that affect life expectancy.
Answer:
-age
-healthcare/technology
-nutritious food
-better sanitation
-awareness/availability of resources (health care)
Question:
13. Dependency Ratio
Answer:
-number of non-working compared to working individuals in a population
-US concern: not enough incoming working class to replace retired
, Question:
14. Poverty & Population Growth factors
Answer:
-higher poverty levels equate to higher population growth
-economic development allows for population control (education in family
planning & access to resources)
Question:
15. Empowering women
Answer:
-education plays vital role in giving women the power to make decisions
regarding their lives and reproductive behavior.
-women make up 70% of poor and 64% of illiterate individuals in world population
Question:
16. Demographic Transition
Answer:
-model of economic and cultural change to explain decline BR & DR in
industrializing nations
-need for large families lessens with mortality
-focus is on quality of life
Question:
17. Less developed countries (LDC)
Answer:
-80% of world population
-account for 90% of projected growth (high birthrate)
-young, poor and rapidly growing
-Africa, Asia, Latin America
Question:
18. Most developed countries (MDC)
Answer:
-populations expected to stabilize or decline
-wealthy, old, mostly shrinking
-average age: 40
-North America, Western Europe, Japan
