HS 250 EXAM 4 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Analysis of the Intervention: Appropriateness
Answer:
•Addresses the primary determinants of obesity— physical activity and diet
•Addresses the determinant of television viewing by aiming to reduce television use and increase activity
time
•Aimed at appropriate population demographics (adolescents in middle school)
Question:
2. Data Collection
Answer:
•In qualitative studies, the researcher must: — Prevent leading — Remain neutral — Have good working
knowledge of topic of interest
•Advances in technology: — Aid in conducting, transcribing, and coding qualitative responses — Increase
ease of participation
Question:
3. Quantitative Methods
Answer:
Essential elements: Experimental and control groups, Randomization, Pre- and post-testing , Application
of an intervention Includes experimental and quasi-experimental research
Question:
4. Experimental research
Answer:
studies causal relationships between independent and dependent variables
Question:
5. Experimental and Control Groups
Answer:
•Experimental—participants who receive the intervention
•Control—participants who do not receive the intervention — True control group—made equivalent by
random assignment — Comparison group—nonequivalent assignment
•Purpose: — Assess true impact of the intervention — Account for events outside the intervention
Question:
6. Randomization
Answer:
•Allocating a set of subjects to either experimental or control group by random procedure
•Purpose: Ensure internal validity —Eliminate bias from self-selection —Eliminate alternative
explanations of the intervention's effect
, Question:
7. Pre- and Post-Testing
Answer:
•Testing or observing experimental and control groups before (pretest) and after (post-test) the intervention
•Time series test: used to measure the long-term impact — Measurements taken at equal intervals before
and after the program
•Purpose: — Assess impact of intervention by comparing pre- and post-test results — Can eliminate the
need for a control group
Question:
8. Independent variable
Answer:
the treatment, characteristic, exposure, etc., that is being examined to determine its effect
Question:
9. Dependent variable
Answer:
the variable examined to determine whether its observed value changes in the presence of, or when
exposed to, the independent variable
Question:
10. Laboratory Experiments
Answer:
•Conducted in artificial settings where researchers have control over: — Random allocation — Degree of
intervention applied
•Rarely used in health policy research
Question:
11. Field Experiments
Answer:
•Conducted in natural, real-life settings
•Strengths:High external validity — Yield generalizable results — Suitable for applied research
•Weaknesses: Low level of control — Random assignment may not be possible
Question:
12. Natural Experiments
Answer:
•Lack of control over experimental conditions
•Must rely on naturally occurring events in which different levels of exposure exist
Question:
13. Simulations
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. Analysis of the Intervention: Appropriateness
Answer:
•Addresses the primary determinants of obesity— physical activity and diet
•Addresses the determinant of television viewing by aiming to reduce television use and increase activity
time
•Aimed at appropriate population demographics (adolescents in middle school)
Question:
2. Data Collection
Answer:
•In qualitative studies, the researcher must: — Prevent leading — Remain neutral — Have good working
knowledge of topic of interest
•Advances in technology: — Aid in conducting, transcribing, and coding qualitative responses — Increase
ease of participation
Question:
3. Quantitative Methods
Answer:
Essential elements: Experimental and control groups, Randomization, Pre- and post-testing , Application
of an intervention Includes experimental and quasi-experimental research
Question:
4. Experimental research
Answer:
studies causal relationships between independent and dependent variables
Question:
5. Experimental and Control Groups
Answer:
•Experimental—participants who receive the intervention
•Control—participants who do not receive the intervention — True control group—made equivalent by
random assignment — Comparison group—nonequivalent assignment
•Purpose: — Assess true impact of the intervention — Account for events outside the intervention
Question:
6. Randomization
Answer:
•Allocating a set of subjects to either experimental or control group by random procedure
•Purpose: Ensure internal validity —Eliminate bias from self-selection —Eliminate alternative
explanations of the intervention's effect
, Question:
7. Pre- and Post-Testing
Answer:
•Testing or observing experimental and control groups before (pretest) and after (post-test) the intervention
•Time series test: used to measure the long-term impact — Measurements taken at equal intervals before
and after the program
•Purpose: — Assess impact of intervention by comparing pre- and post-test results — Can eliminate the
need for a control group
Question:
8. Independent variable
Answer:
the treatment, characteristic, exposure, etc., that is being examined to determine its effect
Question:
9. Dependent variable
Answer:
the variable examined to determine whether its observed value changes in the presence of, or when
exposed to, the independent variable
Question:
10. Laboratory Experiments
Answer:
•Conducted in artificial settings where researchers have control over: — Random allocation — Degree of
intervention applied
•Rarely used in health policy research
Question:
11. Field Experiments
Answer:
•Conducted in natural, real-life settings
•Strengths:High external validity — Yield generalizable results — Suitable for applied research
•Weaknesses: Low level of control — Random assignment may not be possible
Question:
12. Natural Experiments
Answer:
•Lack of control over experimental conditions
•Must rely on naturally occurring events in which different levels of exposure exist
Question:
13. Simulations
