GN 301 EXAM 1 REVIEW UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

GN 301 EXAM 1 REVIEW UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. allele
Answer:
form of a gene

Question:
2. phenotype
Answer:
appearance of an individual for a particular trait

Question:
3. genotype
Answer:
the combination of alleles that an individual has for a given gene

Question:
4. homozygous
Answer:
same two alleles for a gene

Question:
5. heterozygous
Answer:
two different alleles for a gene

Question:
6. DNA
Answer:
A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
(Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

Question:
7. Karyotype
Answer:
organized array of a cell's chromosomes (46 total) (1-22 autosomal, 21/22 sex)

Question:
8. gene therapy
Answer:
The insertion of working copies of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder in an attempt to
correct the disorder

,Question:
9. Huntington's disease
Answer:
Autosomal dominant disease; characterized by uncontrollable body movements and degeneration of the
nervous system; usually fatal 10 to 20 years after the onset of symptoms.

Question:
10. Sickel cell anemia
Answer:
Autosomal recessive disease. Production of an abnormal form of the hemoglobin- causes red blood cells to
become sickel shaped at low oxygen levels

Question:
11. cystic fibrosis
Answer:
Autosomal recessive disease: lack of functioning Calcium channels, excessive secretion of mucus in lungs,
increase risk in infections, mutation in chromosome seven

Question:
12. osteogenesis imperfecta
Answer:
Autosomal dominant; when bone formation is incomplete, leading to fragile, easily broken bones Also
causes white of eyes to have blue hue

Question:
13. marfan syndrome
Answer:
autosomal dominant; Prone to heart valve defects and aortic aneurisms, long arms/legs

Question:
14. xeroderma pigmentosum
Answer:
Autosomal recessive, lack repair mechanism to repair UV damage

Question:
15. monozygotic
Answer:
identical twins

Question:
16. dizygotic
Answer:
fraternal twins

Question:
17. mutation

, Answer:
A change in the DNA sequence of a gene

Question:
18. Leber's disease
Answer:
defective mitochondria, causes optic neuropathy; loss of central vision; usually affects males

Question:
19. Canavan Disease
Answer:
autosomal recessive degenerative neurological disorder

Question:
20. PGD (preimplantation genetic diagnosis)
Answer:
a single cell is removed from the 8 cell embryo and tested, genetic screening procedure that analyzes
embryos created through IVF for genetic disorders

Question:
21. nucleus
Answer:
A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

Question:
22. cytoplasm
Answer:
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Question:
23. ribosomes
Answer:
site of protein synthesis

Question:
24. ER - smooth
Answer:
site of lipid synthesis, contains no ribosomes

Question:
25. ER - rough
Answer:
site of protein folding, some ribosomes associated

Question:
26. golgi apparatus