BSC 101: EXAM 2 (ILLINOIS STATE UNIVERSITY)
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. -the double helix
-adenine pairs with thymine
- they form 2 hydrogen bonds together
-guanine pairs with cytosine
- they form 3 hydrogen bonds together
Answer:
What is the structure of DNA called?
Question:
2. the central dogma
Answer:
while genetic information is transferred from parent to offspring via DNA
duplication, genetic information is transferred from DNA to RNA (which is called
transcription) and then RNA to protein (which is called translation)
Question:
3. translation
Answer:
RNA translated into protein (every 3 RNA bases codes for an amino acid)
Question:
4. transcription
Answer:
copying of DNA code to RNA, one nucleotide at a time so it is complementary to
the DNA
Question:
5. all living organisms ever discovered use the same code;
more evidence all life shares the same common ancestor
(codons)
Answer:
Universal Genetic Code
, Question:
6. Codon
Answer:
3 letter "words" that code for an amino acid (64 codons to code for approximately
20 amino acids)
Question:
7. gene expression
Answer:
the process of turning on a gene to produce RNA and protein
Question:
8. Gel Electrophoresis (biotech tool)
Answer:
separates DNA strands based on length (smaller molecules move faster through
the gel than large ones)
Question:
9. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) (biotech tool)
Answer:
taking a few copies of DNA and making millions of copies (ex: use when you only
have one drop of blood but need more to solve a crime)
Question:
10. - extract a gene from one species
- insert into a vector
- grow bacterial colonies
- bacterial cells that took up the gene express the protein
product of the gene
(how insulin is made)
Answer:
Molecular Cloning (biotech tool)
Question:
11. the copying of an entire molecular organism like a sheep
- egg cell: haploid nucleus is removed
- a diploid nucleus from an individual's body cell is
inserted into the egg cell
- electrically stimulate egg cell, which starts dividing
- resulting offspring is a genetic identical to the individual
who donated the body cell diploid nucleus
Answer:
Reproductive Cloning (biotech tool)
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. -the double helix
-adenine pairs with thymine
- they form 2 hydrogen bonds together
-guanine pairs with cytosine
- they form 3 hydrogen bonds together
Answer:
What is the structure of DNA called?
Question:
2. the central dogma
Answer:
while genetic information is transferred from parent to offspring via DNA
duplication, genetic information is transferred from DNA to RNA (which is called
transcription) and then RNA to protein (which is called translation)
Question:
3. translation
Answer:
RNA translated into protein (every 3 RNA bases codes for an amino acid)
Question:
4. transcription
Answer:
copying of DNA code to RNA, one nucleotide at a time so it is complementary to
the DNA
Question:
5. all living organisms ever discovered use the same code;
more evidence all life shares the same common ancestor
(codons)
Answer:
Universal Genetic Code
, Question:
6. Codon
Answer:
3 letter "words" that code for an amino acid (64 codons to code for approximately
20 amino acids)
Question:
7. gene expression
Answer:
the process of turning on a gene to produce RNA and protein
Question:
8. Gel Electrophoresis (biotech tool)
Answer:
separates DNA strands based on length (smaller molecules move faster through
the gel than large ones)
Question:
9. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) (biotech tool)
Answer:
taking a few copies of DNA and making millions of copies (ex: use when you only
have one drop of blood but need more to solve a crime)
Question:
10. - extract a gene from one species
- insert into a vector
- grow bacterial colonies
- bacterial cells that took up the gene express the protein
product of the gene
(how insulin is made)
Answer:
Molecular Cloning (biotech tool)
Question:
11. the copying of an entire molecular organism like a sheep
- egg cell: haploid nucleus is removed
- a diploid nucleus from an individual's body cell is
inserted into the egg cell
- electrically stimulate egg cell, which starts dividing
- resulting offspring is a genetic identical to the individual
who donated the body cell diploid nucleus
Answer:
Reproductive Cloning (biotech tool)
