Psychology 150 - Chapter 6 & 7 exam comprehensive Questions and Answers
with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version Already Graded A+
Learning - (ANSWER)A relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience.
Memory - (ANSWER)Memory is the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval
of information.
Associative Learning: - (ANSWER)-Learning that two events occur together
-Classical Conditioning
-Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning - (ANSWER)-Conditioning process in which an originally neutral stimulus, by
repeated pairing with a stimulus that normally elicits a response, comes to elicit a similar or even
identical response; aka Pavlovian conditioning
-A form of learning in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and
acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response
-Stimulus substitution
-Acquisition
Classical Conditioning Examples - (ANSWER)
Acquisition - (ANSWER)An association between NS and UCS takes place
NS before UCS
Time=1/2 second
Stimulus Substitution - (ANSWER)In the nervous system, the CS and US bond together and eventually the
CS substitutes for the US
Phobias through classical conditioning - (ANSWER)Classical conditioning has been proven to exist as a
basis for phobias. This occurs through the process of stimulus generalization. In this process, a person
, Psychology 150 - Chapter 6 & 7 exam comprehensive Questions and Answers
with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version Already Graded A+
has a bad experience with something (the environmental stimulus) which plays upon their own fear (the
naturally occurring reflex).
For example, if a child (who does not know how to swim) is thrown into a pool, he or she may develop a
fear of water. Given that their fear of water is based upon them being thrown into the water constitutes
classical conditioning. It was the child's fear (a naturally occurring reflex) and the water (the
environmental stimulus) which caused the fear of water.
This said, there are some unfounded phobias which exist in some people given they have never
experienced a situation where classical conditioning took place. Their fears simply exist for no apparent
reason at all.
Classical conditioning can also be used to treat phobias in a process known as desensitization. In this
process, the person with the phobia is exposed to the thing of which they are afraid. The psychologist (or
doctor) then teaches the patient how to reduce his or her anxiety (typically through breathing and/or
relaxation exercises).
Reflexes - (ANSWER)Automatic stimulus-response connections that are "hardwired" into the brain.
Unconditional Stimulus (UCS) - (ANSWER)-A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response
without prior learning
-Food
Unconditioned Response (UCR) - (ANSWER)-An unlearned and naturally occurring response that is
automatically associated with the unconditional stimulus.
-Salivating
Conditioned Stimulus - (ANSWER)A previously neutral stimulus that elicits the conditioned response
after being paired with the unconditional stimulus.
-Bell
with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version Already Graded A+
Learning - (ANSWER)A relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience.
Memory - (ANSWER)Memory is the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval
of information.
Associative Learning: - (ANSWER)-Learning that two events occur together
-Classical Conditioning
-Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning - (ANSWER)-Conditioning process in which an originally neutral stimulus, by
repeated pairing with a stimulus that normally elicits a response, comes to elicit a similar or even
identical response; aka Pavlovian conditioning
-A form of learning in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and
acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response
-Stimulus substitution
-Acquisition
Classical Conditioning Examples - (ANSWER)
Acquisition - (ANSWER)An association between NS and UCS takes place
NS before UCS
Time=1/2 second
Stimulus Substitution - (ANSWER)In the nervous system, the CS and US bond together and eventually the
CS substitutes for the US
Phobias through classical conditioning - (ANSWER)Classical conditioning has been proven to exist as a
basis for phobias. This occurs through the process of stimulus generalization. In this process, a person
, Psychology 150 - Chapter 6 & 7 exam comprehensive Questions and Answers
with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version Already Graded A+
has a bad experience with something (the environmental stimulus) which plays upon their own fear (the
naturally occurring reflex).
For example, if a child (who does not know how to swim) is thrown into a pool, he or she may develop a
fear of water. Given that their fear of water is based upon them being thrown into the water constitutes
classical conditioning. It was the child's fear (a naturally occurring reflex) and the water (the
environmental stimulus) which caused the fear of water.
This said, there are some unfounded phobias which exist in some people given they have never
experienced a situation where classical conditioning took place. Their fears simply exist for no apparent
reason at all.
Classical conditioning can also be used to treat phobias in a process known as desensitization. In this
process, the person with the phobia is exposed to the thing of which they are afraid. The psychologist (or
doctor) then teaches the patient how to reduce his or her anxiety (typically through breathing and/or
relaxation exercises).
Reflexes - (ANSWER)Automatic stimulus-response connections that are "hardwired" into the brain.
Unconditional Stimulus (UCS) - (ANSWER)-A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response
without prior learning
-Food
Unconditioned Response (UCR) - (ANSWER)-An unlearned and naturally occurring response that is
automatically associated with the unconditional stimulus.
-Salivating
Conditioned Stimulus - (ANSWER)A previously neutral stimulus that elicits the conditioned response
after being paired with the unconditional stimulus.
-Bell
