PNR 140 TEST 2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. where is the liver located?
Answer:
right upper quadrant
Question:
2. where is the gallbladder located?
Answer:
under the liver RUQ
Question:
3. where is pancreas located?
Answer:
posterior to the stomach
Question:
4. where is the spleen located
Answer:
left upper quadrant
Question:
5. hemoccult test
Answer:
a lab test for hidden blood in the stools; also known as fecal occult blood test
Question:
6. leukoplakia
Answer:
thickened, white, leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer
NOT THRUSH
Question:
7. Esophageal Cancer
Answer:
First symptom is dysphagia
Risks: smoking, etoh users, acid reflux, barrett's esophagus (dysplasia)
esophageal disorders pg. 1429-1431
Question:
8. barrett's esophagus
, Answer:
a condition that occurs when the cells in the epithelial tissue of the esophagus are damaged by chronic acid
exposure
EGD is done to check for this and biopsy as well, often times they have esophageal cancer as well.
Question:
9. achalasia
Answer:
failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax
decreased mobility of peristalsis symptoms: dysphagia, food sticking, chest pain tx: calcium channel
blocker to help the muscles relax.
think: prefix of a- means none, chalasia is from the greek word chalasis which means "loosening" or
"relaxation"
A - = none Chalasia = relaxing
ACHALASIA = NO RELAXATION OF ESOPHAGUS SPHINCTER.
Question:
10. GERD
Answer:
gastroesophageal reflux disease * backward flow of stomach contents d/t weak esophageal sphincter *
symptoms: burning, pressure, heartburn, may have pain into jaw, neck or back, dry cough, hoarseness, sore
throat, belching, flatulence. TX: H2 receptors, PPIs (prazoles), Antiulcer (sucralfate)
Question:
11. gastritis
Answer:
inflammation of the stomach
gastro - stomach itis - inflammation
associated with alcohol, burns, stress, chemo and smoking. TX: antiemetics, antacids, iv fluids (vomiting),
AVOID NSAIDS.
Question:
12. Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Answer:
Ulcerations of the mucosal lining of the GI tract associated with H. pylori, smoking and alcohol, NSAIDs
abuse, stress. TX: cytoprotective meds (misoprostol), receptor blockers, antacids.
Question:
13. cancer of the stomach
Answer:
associated with H. pylori, pernicious anemia, hypochlorhydria TX: surgery, gasterctomy. *watch out for
dumping syndrome post operatively.*
Question:
14. h. pylori
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. where is the liver located?
Answer:
right upper quadrant
Question:
2. where is the gallbladder located?
Answer:
under the liver RUQ
Question:
3. where is pancreas located?
Answer:
posterior to the stomach
Question:
4. where is the spleen located
Answer:
left upper quadrant
Question:
5. hemoccult test
Answer:
a lab test for hidden blood in the stools; also known as fecal occult blood test
Question:
6. leukoplakia
Answer:
thickened, white, leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer
NOT THRUSH
Question:
7. Esophageal Cancer
Answer:
First symptom is dysphagia
Risks: smoking, etoh users, acid reflux, barrett's esophagus (dysplasia)
esophageal disorders pg. 1429-1431
Question:
8. barrett's esophagus
, Answer:
a condition that occurs when the cells in the epithelial tissue of the esophagus are damaged by chronic acid
exposure
EGD is done to check for this and biopsy as well, often times they have esophageal cancer as well.
Question:
9. achalasia
Answer:
failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax
decreased mobility of peristalsis symptoms: dysphagia, food sticking, chest pain tx: calcium channel
blocker to help the muscles relax.
think: prefix of a- means none, chalasia is from the greek word chalasis which means "loosening" or
"relaxation"
A - = none Chalasia = relaxing
ACHALASIA = NO RELAXATION OF ESOPHAGUS SPHINCTER.
Question:
10. GERD
Answer:
gastroesophageal reflux disease * backward flow of stomach contents d/t weak esophageal sphincter *
symptoms: burning, pressure, heartburn, may have pain into jaw, neck or back, dry cough, hoarseness, sore
throat, belching, flatulence. TX: H2 receptors, PPIs (prazoles), Antiulcer (sucralfate)
Question:
11. gastritis
Answer:
inflammation of the stomach
gastro - stomach itis - inflammation
associated with alcohol, burns, stress, chemo and smoking. TX: antiemetics, antacids, iv fluids (vomiting),
AVOID NSAIDS.
Question:
12. Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
Answer:
Ulcerations of the mucosal lining of the GI tract associated with H. pylori, smoking and alcohol, NSAIDs
abuse, stress. TX: cytoprotective meds (misoprostol), receptor blockers, antacids.
Question:
13. cancer of the stomach
Answer:
associated with H. pylori, pernicious anemia, hypochlorhydria TX: surgery, gasterctomy. *watch out for
dumping syndrome post operatively.*
Question:
14. h. pylori
