PSL 250 EXAM 4 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

PSL 250 EXAM 4 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. What are the general functions of the endocrine system?
Answer:
Produces hormones, regulates development, growth, metabolism, maintains homeostasis, controls
digestive processes, and regulates reproductive activity.

Question:
2. What hormone is released by the pancreas when blood glucose is high?
Answer:
Insulin

Question:
3. What hormone does the pancreas release when blood glucose is low?
Answer:
Glucagon

Question:
4. pituitary gland
Answer:
Located the base of the brain Produces and secretes many hormones

Question:
5. Pineal Gland
Answer:
Posterior in the brain (epithalamus) Produces and secretes melatonin- circadian rhythm

Question:
6. Thyroid
Answer:
Paired organ, anterior in the trachea Releases thyroid hormones and calcitonin

Question:
7. Parathyroid
Answer:
Posterior on the thyroid gland Produce thyroid hormone

Question:
8. Adrenal Glands
Answer:
Paired glands, superior in the kidney Adrenal cortex produces cortisol and aldosterone Adrenal medulla
produces 80%EPI/20%NEPI

, Question:
9. How does the hormone know where to go?
Answer:
Receptors or concentration gradient

Question:
10. Nervous system
Answer:
communicates through neurotransmitters, targets other neurons or muscle cells, rapid reaction time,
localized effects, short term

Question:
11. Endocrine system
Answer:
communicates through secreting hormones transported within blood, targets any cell in body with receptor,
slow reaction time, widespread effects, long lasting

Question:
12. What are the three reflex mechanisms for regulating hormone secretion?
Answer:
Hormonal stimulation, humoral stimulation, and nervous system stimulation.

Question:
13. Hormonal stimulation
Answer:
Release of a hormone is triggered by the release of another hormone Thyroid stimulating hormone:
stimulates the production and release of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland T3= triiodothryonine
T4=tetraiodothyronine

Question:
14. Humoral stimulation
Answer:
(relating to the blood/body fluids) Changes in blood level of nutrient or ion triggers release of the hormone
High blood glucose- sensed by the pancreas- triggers release of insulin, then binds to effectors (liver,
muscle) Low blood glucose- triggers release of glucagon, which can act on liver to promote breakdown of
glycogen ’ increases glucose in the blood

Question:
15. nervous system stimulation
Answer:
Two neuron chain Stimulation of nervous system triggers release of a hormone Ex. sympathetic
stimulation of adrenal medulla, exercise

Question:
16. 3 structural categories of hormones
Answer:
steroids, biogenic amines, proteins