N309 EXAM 1 - PAIN UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

N309 EXAM 1 - PAIN UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. what does the OLDCART pain pneumonic assessment stand for?
Answer:
Onset, Location, Duration, Characteristics, Aggrivating factors, Relieving factors, Treatments tried

Question:
2. what scale is often used on adults for pain assessment?
Answer:
numeric scale

Question:
3. what scale is often used on children or nonverbal individuals for pain assessment?
Answer:
wong-baker faces

Question:
4. What kind of drugs does the WHO analgesic ladder suggest should be used as the first step in treating
mild to moderate pain?
a. nonopioid analgesics such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs
b. strong opioids such as morphine
c. mild opioids such as codeine
Answer:
a. nonopioid analgesics

Question:
5. What kind of drugs does the WHO analgesic ladder suggest should be used as the second step in treating
moderate to severe pain?
a. nonopioid analgesics such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs
b. strong opioids such as morphine
c. mild opioids such as codeine
Answer:
c. mild opioids such as codeine

Question:
6. What kind of drugs does the WHO analgesic ladder suggest should be used as the third step in treating
uncontrolled severe pain?
a. nonopioid analgesics such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs
b. strong opioids such as morphine
c. mild opioids such as codeine
Answer:
b. strong opioids such as morphine

, Question:
7. ___________ medications are often used to amplify therapeutic effects of opioids and other analgesics
Answer:
adjuvant

Question:
8. antidepressants, cannabinoids, local anesthetics, botox, topical pain relievers, ect are often used as
_________________ in conjunction with opioids and other stronger analgesics.
Answer:
adjuvant medications

Question:
9. ____________ pain theory suggests the spinal cord contains interneurons that either amplify or block
pain signals before they reach the brain
Answer:
gate control

Question:
10. what are the four steps of the gate control pain theory?
Answer:
1. transduction (receiving signal)
2. transmission of signal
3. modulation (amplification/blockage)
4. perception ("feeling" pain)

Question:
11. ___________ pain is pain that lasts hours or days and resolves with healing
Answer:
acute

Question:
12. pain can become __________ if it extends beyond expected healing time or more than 6 months; this
pain often serves no biological function and lowers quality of life
Answer:
chronic

Question:
13. injury or malfunction of nervous tissue can cause permanent damage and present as ______________
pain such as burning, tingling, or paresthesia.
Answer:
neuropathic

Question:
14. what are the five sources of pain?