HHD - EXAM REVISION UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. anaemia
Answer:
a condition characterised by a reduced ability of the body to deliver enough oxygen to the cells due to a
lack of healthy red blood cells
Question:
2. antenatal
Answer:
relates to the medical care given to pregnant women before their babies are born
Question:
3. antioxidants
Answer:
compounds in foods that neutralise free radicals
Question:
4. assistive technology
Answer:
a device, system or design, that allows an individual to perform a task that they would otherwise be unable
to do, or increase the ease and safety with which a task can be performed
Question:
5. asylum seeker
Answer:
a person seeking international protection and whose refugee status is yet to be determined
Question:
6. atherosclerosis
Answer:
the build-up of plaque on blood vessel walls, making it harder for blood to get through
Question:
7. biodiversity
Answer:
the variety of different plants, animals and micro-organisms, their genes and the ecosystems of which they
are a part
Question:
8. biological factors
,Answer:
factors relating to the body that impact on health and wellbeing, such as genetics, body weight, blood
pressure, cholesterol levels, birth weight
Question:
9. biomedical approach to health
Answer:
focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. It is a medical model practised by
doctors and health professionals and is associated with the diagnosis, treatment and cure of disease.
Question:
10. birth asphyxia
Answer:
a condition in which a baby's brain and other organs do not get enough oxygen before, during or
immediately after birth. It can cause temporary or permanent damage.
Question:
11. body mass index (BMI)
Answer:
a statistical measure of body mass calculated by dividing weight (in kilograms) by height (in m2). A score
of 18.6-24.9 is considered a healthy weight. Between 25-29.9 is considered overweight and 30 and over is
considered obese.
Question:
12. bulk billing
Answer:
when the doctor or specialist charges only the schedule fee. The payment is claimed directly from
Medicare so there are no out-of-pocket expenses for the patient.
Question:
13. burden of disease
Answer:
a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health
status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of
disease is measured in a unit called the DALY (VCAA).
Question:
14. cardiovascular diseases
Answer:
diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels in the body and interfere with the circulation of blood
throughout the body
Question:
15. cholesterol
, Answer:
a type of fat required for optimal functioning of the body that in excess can lead to a range of health
concerns including the blocking of the arteries (atherosclerosis). Can be 'bad' low-density lipoprotein
(LDL) or 'good' high density lipoprotein (HDL).
Question:
16. chronic condition
Answer:
any disease or condition that lasts a long time (usually longer than six months). It usually can't be cured
and therefore requires ongoing treatment and management. Examples include arthritis and asthma.
Question:
17. communicable diseases
Answer:
infectious diseases which are transmitted from the environment; including through air, water, food and
other infected organisms (including other humans)
Question:
18. congenital malformations
Answer:
refers to physical defects developing either in the uterus or dating from birth
Question:
19. degradation
Answer:
the deterioration of the environment through the depletion of resources, such as clean air, water and soil;
the destruction of ecosystems; and the extinction of wildlife
Question:
20. dental caries
Answer:
decay of teeth caused by a breakdown in the tissues that make up the tooth
Question:
21. disability-adjusted life year (DALY)
Answer:
a measure of burden of disease. One DALY is equal to one year of healthy life lost due to illness and/or
death. DALYs are calculated as the sum of the years of life lost due to premature death and the years lived
with disability for people living with the health condition or its consequences (AIHW, 2018).
Question:
22. discrimination
Answer:
when a person or group of people are treated differently than other people, often a result of factors such as
race, religion, sex, sexual orientation and gender identity.
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. anaemia
Answer:
a condition characterised by a reduced ability of the body to deliver enough oxygen to the cells due to a
lack of healthy red blood cells
Question:
2. antenatal
Answer:
relates to the medical care given to pregnant women before their babies are born
Question:
3. antioxidants
Answer:
compounds in foods that neutralise free radicals
Question:
4. assistive technology
Answer:
a device, system or design, that allows an individual to perform a task that they would otherwise be unable
to do, or increase the ease and safety with which a task can be performed
Question:
5. asylum seeker
Answer:
a person seeking international protection and whose refugee status is yet to be determined
Question:
6. atherosclerosis
Answer:
the build-up of plaque on blood vessel walls, making it harder for blood to get through
Question:
7. biodiversity
Answer:
the variety of different plants, animals and micro-organisms, their genes and the ecosystems of which they
are a part
Question:
8. biological factors
,Answer:
factors relating to the body that impact on health and wellbeing, such as genetics, body weight, blood
pressure, cholesterol levels, birth weight
Question:
9. biomedical approach to health
Answer:
focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. It is a medical model practised by
doctors and health professionals and is associated with the diagnosis, treatment and cure of disease.
Question:
10. birth asphyxia
Answer:
a condition in which a baby's brain and other organs do not get enough oxygen before, during or
immediately after birth. It can cause temporary or permanent damage.
Question:
11. body mass index (BMI)
Answer:
a statistical measure of body mass calculated by dividing weight (in kilograms) by height (in m2). A score
of 18.6-24.9 is considered a healthy weight. Between 25-29.9 is considered overweight and 30 and over is
considered obese.
Question:
12. bulk billing
Answer:
when the doctor or specialist charges only the schedule fee. The payment is claimed directly from
Medicare so there are no out-of-pocket expenses for the patient.
Question:
13. burden of disease
Answer:
a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health
status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of
disease is measured in a unit called the DALY (VCAA).
Question:
14. cardiovascular diseases
Answer:
diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels in the body and interfere with the circulation of blood
throughout the body
Question:
15. cholesterol
, Answer:
a type of fat required for optimal functioning of the body that in excess can lead to a range of health
concerns including the blocking of the arteries (atherosclerosis). Can be 'bad' low-density lipoprotein
(LDL) or 'good' high density lipoprotein (HDL).
Question:
16. chronic condition
Answer:
any disease or condition that lasts a long time (usually longer than six months). It usually can't be cured
and therefore requires ongoing treatment and management. Examples include arthritis and asthma.
Question:
17. communicable diseases
Answer:
infectious diseases which are transmitted from the environment; including through air, water, food and
other infected organisms (including other humans)
Question:
18. congenital malformations
Answer:
refers to physical defects developing either in the uterus or dating from birth
Question:
19. degradation
Answer:
the deterioration of the environment through the depletion of resources, such as clean air, water and soil;
the destruction of ecosystems; and the extinction of wildlife
Question:
20. dental caries
Answer:
decay of teeth caused by a breakdown in the tissues that make up the tooth
Question:
21. disability-adjusted life year (DALY)
Answer:
a measure of burden of disease. One DALY is equal to one year of healthy life lost due to illness and/or
death. DALYs are calculated as the sum of the years of life lost due to premature death and the years lived
with disability for people living with the health condition or its consequences (AIHW, 2018).
Question:
22. discrimination
Answer:
when a person or group of people are treated differently than other people, often a result of factors such as
race, religion, sex, sexual orientation and gender identity.
