Depression Bipolar Mania Suicide (Mental Health Test 2)
Term for disturbances in mood manifested by extreme Mood Disorders
sadness or extreme elation?
What are the DSM V features of Major Depressive Depressed mood
Disorder? Anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure)
Appetite disturbance/weight change
Sleep disturbance
Psychomotor disturbance
Fatigue or loss of energy
Worthlessness/guilt
Indecision/poor concentration
Recurrent thoughts of death/suicide
What are the risk factors for depression? History of abuse, neglect, loss
Dysfunctional family relationships
Personal or family history of mental illness, substance abuse
The neurobiological psychopathology of depression: Deficiency in norephenephrine, serotonin, dopamine, acetylcholine
An MAO imbalance
Thyroid dysfunction
Can you prevent depression? Not definitively BUT exercise, appropriate diet, rest, and avoid drugs
Objective symptoms of depression Alterations in activity
Psychomotor agitation or retardation
Altered social interactions
Poor social skills
Subjective symptoms of depression Alterations of mood
Alterations of affect
Feelings mood, emotional tone
Alterations of cognition
Inability to concentrate, confusion, loss of interest/motivation
Alterations of physical nature
Alterations of perception
A person with major depressive disorder may describe Sadness
feelings of: Discouragement
Hopelessness
Isolation
Which disorder is being described? Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthmic disorder)
Chronic depression for most days
At least 2 years
No more than 2 months symptom free
Symptoms tend to be less severe than those of MDD
Childhood, adolescence, early adulthood
Tends to be chronic
Which disorder is being described? Seasonal Affective Disorder
Usually in winter months
Natural light may help modulate rhythms
Buproprion extended release
Which disorder is being described? Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
Dramatic life changes
Losses
Death
Relocation
Illness
Financial stress
, Depression Bipolar Mania Suicide (Mental Health Test 2)
Examples of SSRIs used to treat depression sertraline (Zoloft)
escitalopram (Lexapro)
citalopram (Celexa)
fluoxetine (Prozac)
Mechanism of action of SSRIs Slow the reuptake the serotonin
Adverse Effects of SSRIs sexual dysfunction, nausea, headache, weight gain, anxiety, insomnia
s/s of serotonin syndrome HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS confusion, anxiety, restlessness, hypertension,
tremors, sweating, ataxia, in severe cases death can occur.
When does serotonin syndrome develop? when SSRIs are combined with drugs that potentiate serotonin
neurotransmission.
SSRI Teaching Takes 2-4 weeks maybe 6 to experience therapeutic effects
Takes________weeks maybe 6 to experience Take in a.m., interferes with sleep if taken at bedtime
therapeutic effects Take with food to avoid GI upset
Take when? _________ Notify health care provider if skin rash or other allergic reaction occurs (possible
Take with ____________ Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
Notify health care provider if ______________ occurs
(possible Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
examples of tricyclic antidepressants Amitriptyline, imipramine,
Mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants to inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine (NE)and serotonin
Exampes of SNRIs Cymbalta; Effexor
What medicine requires a tyramine free diet? MAOIs
What results when mixing MAOIs and foods containing hypertensive crisis
tyramine?
What are tyramine-rich foods? Aged cheese, smoked meats (pepperoni, salami), avocados, figs, bananas,
smoked fish, protein, protein supplements, wine, beers.
Most effective psychotherapy approach for depression Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Most common form of somatic therapy for depression ECT
Rebooting, rebalancing, rebuilding:what therapy? ECT
Term for disturbances in mood manifested by extreme Mood Disorders
sadness or extreme elation?
What are the DSM V features of Major Depressive Depressed mood
Disorder? Anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure)
Appetite disturbance/weight change
Sleep disturbance
Psychomotor disturbance
Fatigue or loss of energy
Worthlessness/guilt
Indecision/poor concentration
Recurrent thoughts of death/suicide
What are the risk factors for depression? History of abuse, neglect, loss
Dysfunctional family relationships
Personal or family history of mental illness, substance abuse
The neurobiological psychopathology of depression: Deficiency in norephenephrine, serotonin, dopamine, acetylcholine
An MAO imbalance
Thyroid dysfunction
Can you prevent depression? Not definitively BUT exercise, appropriate diet, rest, and avoid drugs
Objective symptoms of depression Alterations in activity
Psychomotor agitation or retardation
Altered social interactions
Poor social skills
Subjective symptoms of depression Alterations of mood
Alterations of affect
Feelings mood, emotional tone
Alterations of cognition
Inability to concentrate, confusion, loss of interest/motivation
Alterations of physical nature
Alterations of perception
A person with major depressive disorder may describe Sadness
feelings of: Discouragement
Hopelessness
Isolation
Which disorder is being described? Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthmic disorder)
Chronic depression for most days
At least 2 years
No more than 2 months symptom free
Symptoms tend to be less severe than those of MDD
Childhood, adolescence, early adulthood
Tends to be chronic
Which disorder is being described? Seasonal Affective Disorder
Usually in winter months
Natural light may help modulate rhythms
Buproprion extended release
Which disorder is being described? Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
Dramatic life changes
Losses
Death
Relocation
Illness
Financial stress
, Depression Bipolar Mania Suicide (Mental Health Test 2)
Examples of SSRIs used to treat depression sertraline (Zoloft)
escitalopram (Lexapro)
citalopram (Celexa)
fluoxetine (Prozac)
Mechanism of action of SSRIs Slow the reuptake the serotonin
Adverse Effects of SSRIs sexual dysfunction, nausea, headache, weight gain, anxiety, insomnia
s/s of serotonin syndrome HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS confusion, anxiety, restlessness, hypertension,
tremors, sweating, ataxia, in severe cases death can occur.
When does serotonin syndrome develop? when SSRIs are combined with drugs that potentiate serotonin
neurotransmission.
SSRI Teaching Takes 2-4 weeks maybe 6 to experience therapeutic effects
Takes________weeks maybe 6 to experience Take in a.m., interferes with sleep if taken at bedtime
therapeutic effects Take with food to avoid GI upset
Take when? _________ Notify health care provider if skin rash or other allergic reaction occurs (possible
Take with ____________ Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
Notify health care provider if ______________ occurs
(possible Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
examples of tricyclic antidepressants Amitriptyline, imipramine,
Mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants to inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine (NE)and serotonin
Exampes of SNRIs Cymbalta; Effexor
What medicine requires a tyramine free diet? MAOIs
What results when mixing MAOIs and foods containing hypertensive crisis
tyramine?
What are tyramine-rich foods? Aged cheese, smoked meats (pepperoni, salami), avocados, figs, bananas,
smoked fish, protein, protein supplements, wine, beers.
Most effective psychotherapy approach for depression Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Most common form of somatic therapy for depression ECT
Rebooting, rebalancing, rebuilding:what therapy? ECT
