ACQ 1300: FUNDAMENTALS OF TECHNOLOGY
SECURITY/TRANSFER
Comprehensive 2026-2027 Update Exam Test Bank & Study Guide
Subject: DoD Technology Security, Arms Transfer, & International Acquisition
Target Audience: Acquisition Professionals, Security Managers, and Foreign Disclosure Officers
Authorized Release: Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited.
Revision Date: September 2026 (2026-2027 Exam Cycle Update)
EXAM OVERVIEW & SYLLABUS DIRECTIVE
This comprehensive study resource is designed to prepare Department of Defense (DoD) personnel, contractors, and
allied partners for the ACQ 1300: Fundamentals of Technology Security/Transfer curriculum and the 2026-2027
update exam cycle. Technology security is an essential discipline within international acquisition, ensuring that the
U.S. maintains its technical and military advantages while collaborating effectively with international allies. This
document provides a highly educational, structured test bank of 100 high-quality multiple-choice questions,
thoroughly distributed across all 8 exams/chapters of the course material.
CORE CURRICULUM HIGHLIGHTS
• Exam 1: Fundamentals of Technology Security & Security Planning - Focuses on the definition of
technology security, the role of Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, Materiel Solution Analysis phase planning,
and international cooperation programs like Building Partner Capacity (BPC) and Foreign Military Sales (FMS).
• Exam 2: Security Transfers & Legislative Foundations - Analyzes the conditions for transferring classified
military information, government-to-government channels, and the national-level legal framework (E.O. 13526,
Arms Export Control Act, Foreign Assistance Act, and ISOO Directive 1).
• Exam 3: Classification Management & CUI - Covers security classifications, the Security Classification Guide
(SCG) structure (Sections 2-8), Foreign Government Information (FGI), and Controlled Unclassified Information
(CUI) markings and handling.
,• Exam 4: Technology Security and Foreign Disclosure (TSFD) - Focuses on Classified Military Information
(CMI) disclosure decisions, National Disclosure Policy Committee (NDPC) role, Exceptions to National
Disclosure Policy (ENDP), and the Low Observable/Counter Low Observable (LO/CLO) process.
• Exam 5: Export Control Systems & Regulations - Details the roles of the State Department (ITAR/DDTC) and
Commerce Department (EAR/BIS), licensing, self-executing and directed exemptions, US Munitions List (USML),
and violations of export authorizations.
• Exam 6: Foreign Visits & Liaison Programs - Reviews official and extended visits, Foreign Visits System
(FVS), Foreign Liaison Officer (FLO) programs (Security Assistance, National Representatives, Operational),
Overseas SCOs, and security assurances.
• Exam 7: Acquisition Integration & Program Protection - Integrates security requirements into the Defense
Acquisition System (DAS), Milestones (such as Milestone A Program Protection Plans), and Security
Classification Guides issued by OCAs.
• Exam 8: Industrial Security, FOCI, & CFIUS - Explains the National Industrial Security Program (NISP),
Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency (DCSA) role, Foreign Ownership, Control, or Influence (FOCI),
CFIUS under the Defense Production Act of 1950, Technology Control Plans (TCP), and Designated
Government Representatives (DGR) procedures.
STUDENT WARNING - COMMONLY CONFUSED CONCEPTS:
1. FMS vs. DCS: Foreign Military Sales (FMS) are government-to-government transactions managed by the DoD,
while Direct Commercial Sales (DCS) are commercial contracts between U.S. contractors and foreign customers
licensed by the State Department.
2. CUI vs. FGI: Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) is unclassified U.S. government info requiring protective
controls, while Foreign Government Information (FGI) is information provided by a foreign government in
confidence and must be protected to an equivalent degree.
3. FOCI vs. CFIUS: FOCI (Foreign Ownership, Control, or Influence) refers to the risk analysis conducted by the
DCSA on U.S. cleared contractors, whereas CFIUS (Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S.) is an
interagency committee that reviews foreign mergers and acquisitions of U.S. businesses for national security
threats.
,ACQ 1300 FUNDAMENTALS OF TECHNOLOGY SECURITY/TRANSFER 2026-2027 UPDATE EXAM TEST BANK
QUESTION 1 (Exam 1 Topic)
What is the official DoD definition of 'technology security' within international acquisition programs?
A. The restriction of all commercial exports to allied countries
B. The total effort to safeguard information and technology in an international acquisition program
C. The exclusive use of biometric security systems for military installation access control
D. The process of converting classified military hardware into unclassified dual-use items
ANSWER ■: B — The total effort to safeguard information and technology in an international acquisition
program
Explanation: According to the course materials, technology security is defined as the total effort to safeguard information
and technology in an international acquisition program. This definition emphasizes a comprehensive and structured
approach to protection rather than isolated security activities.
QUESTION 2 (Exam 1 Topic)
What key activity must be accomplished as part of effective security planning in an international acquisition
program?
A. Relying solely on verbal agreements between foreign liaison officers
B. Restricting all foreign national access to unclassified military installations
C. Documenting how the information/technology will be protected
D. Declassification of all technical data before sharing with allied countries
ANSWER ■: C — Documenting how the information/technology will be protected
Explanation: Effective security planning requires documenting how the information and technology will be protected. This
ensures clear responsibilities, proper tracking, and legal accountability for all shared military technologies.
QUESTION 3 (Exam 1 Topic)
What type of international acquisition program is managed by the Defense Security Cooperation Agency
(DSCA), funded with U.S. Government appropriations, and administered as cases within the FMS
infrastructure?
A. Direct Commercial Sales (DCS)
B. Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADA)
C. Building Partner Capacity (BPC)
D. Dual-Use Technology Licensing Programs
ANSWER ■: C — Building Partner Capacity (BPC)
Explanation: Building Partner Capacity (BPC) programs are managed by the DSCA, funded with U.S. Government
appropriations, and administered as cases within the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) infrastructure.
UNCLASSIFIED - STUDY MATERIAL Page 3
, ACQ 1300 FUNDAMENTALS OF TECHNOLOGY SECURITY/TRANSFER 2026-2027 UPDATE EXAM TEST BANK
QUESTION 4 (Exam 1 Topic)
At what phase should security planning begin in a conceptual and proposed 'from the start' international
acquisition program?
A. Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD)
B. Production and Deployment
C. Operations and Support
D. Materiel Solution Analysis
ANSWER ■: D — Materiel Solution Analysis
Explanation: Security planning must begin as early as possible in the lifecycle, which corresponds to the Materiel Solution
Analysis phase for proposed or conceptual 'from the start' international acquisition programs.
QUESTION 5 (Exam 1 Topic)
What is required to achieve effective technology security in any international program?
A. A team effort requiring everyone's participation
B. Relying solely on the program manager's oversight
C. Delegating all security decisions to the foreign disclosure office
D. Automated cybersecurity software without human intervention
ANSWER ■: A — A team effort requiring everyone's participation
Explanation: The material states that effective technology security requires a team effort with everyone's participation,
highlighting that security cannot be achieved in a silo by a single office or individual.
QUESTION 6 (Exam 1 Topic)
What type of international acquisition program involves the United States providing defense articles, military
training, and other military services in accordance with the Foreign Assistance Act (FAA)?
A. Direct Commercial Sales (DCS)
B. Security Assistance
C. Cooperative Logistics Supply Support Arrangements
D. Non-Appropriated Fund Instrumentalities
ANSWER ■: B — Security Assistance
Explanation: Security Assistance is the specific class of international acquisition programs funded and authorized under
the Foreign Assistance Act (FAA) through which the U.S. provides defense articles, military training, and other services to
partner nations.
UNCLASSIFIED - STUDY MATERIAL Page 4
SECURITY/TRANSFER
Comprehensive 2026-2027 Update Exam Test Bank & Study Guide
Subject: DoD Technology Security, Arms Transfer, & International Acquisition
Target Audience: Acquisition Professionals, Security Managers, and Foreign Disclosure Officers
Authorized Release: Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited.
Revision Date: September 2026 (2026-2027 Exam Cycle Update)
EXAM OVERVIEW & SYLLABUS DIRECTIVE
This comprehensive study resource is designed to prepare Department of Defense (DoD) personnel, contractors, and
allied partners for the ACQ 1300: Fundamentals of Technology Security/Transfer curriculum and the 2026-2027
update exam cycle. Technology security is an essential discipline within international acquisition, ensuring that the
U.S. maintains its technical and military advantages while collaborating effectively with international allies. This
document provides a highly educational, structured test bank of 100 high-quality multiple-choice questions,
thoroughly distributed across all 8 exams/chapters of the course material.
CORE CURRICULUM HIGHLIGHTS
• Exam 1: Fundamentals of Technology Security & Security Planning - Focuses on the definition of
technology security, the role of Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, Materiel Solution Analysis phase planning,
and international cooperation programs like Building Partner Capacity (BPC) and Foreign Military Sales (FMS).
• Exam 2: Security Transfers & Legislative Foundations - Analyzes the conditions for transferring classified
military information, government-to-government channels, and the national-level legal framework (E.O. 13526,
Arms Export Control Act, Foreign Assistance Act, and ISOO Directive 1).
• Exam 3: Classification Management & CUI - Covers security classifications, the Security Classification Guide
(SCG) structure (Sections 2-8), Foreign Government Information (FGI), and Controlled Unclassified Information
(CUI) markings and handling.
,• Exam 4: Technology Security and Foreign Disclosure (TSFD) - Focuses on Classified Military Information
(CMI) disclosure decisions, National Disclosure Policy Committee (NDPC) role, Exceptions to National
Disclosure Policy (ENDP), and the Low Observable/Counter Low Observable (LO/CLO) process.
• Exam 5: Export Control Systems & Regulations - Details the roles of the State Department (ITAR/DDTC) and
Commerce Department (EAR/BIS), licensing, self-executing and directed exemptions, US Munitions List (USML),
and violations of export authorizations.
• Exam 6: Foreign Visits & Liaison Programs - Reviews official and extended visits, Foreign Visits System
(FVS), Foreign Liaison Officer (FLO) programs (Security Assistance, National Representatives, Operational),
Overseas SCOs, and security assurances.
• Exam 7: Acquisition Integration & Program Protection - Integrates security requirements into the Defense
Acquisition System (DAS), Milestones (such as Milestone A Program Protection Plans), and Security
Classification Guides issued by OCAs.
• Exam 8: Industrial Security, FOCI, & CFIUS - Explains the National Industrial Security Program (NISP),
Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency (DCSA) role, Foreign Ownership, Control, or Influence (FOCI),
CFIUS under the Defense Production Act of 1950, Technology Control Plans (TCP), and Designated
Government Representatives (DGR) procedures.
STUDENT WARNING - COMMONLY CONFUSED CONCEPTS:
1. FMS vs. DCS: Foreign Military Sales (FMS) are government-to-government transactions managed by the DoD,
while Direct Commercial Sales (DCS) are commercial contracts between U.S. contractors and foreign customers
licensed by the State Department.
2. CUI vs. FGI: Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) is unclassified U.S. government info requiring protective
controls, while Foreign Government Information (FGI) is information provided by a foreign government in
confidence and must be protected to an equivalent degree.
3. FOCI vs. CFIUS: FOCI (Foreign Ownership, Control, or Influence) refers to the risk analysis conducted by the
DCSA on U.S. cleared contractors, whereas CFIUS (Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S.) is an
interagency committee that reviews foreign mergers and acquisitions of U.S. businesses for national security
threats.
,ACQ 1300 FUNDAMENTALS OF TECHNOLOGY SECURITY/TRANSFER 2026-2027 UPDATE EXAM TEST BANK
QUESTION 1 (Exam 1 Topic)
What is the official DoD definition of 'technology security' within international acquisition programs?
A. The restriction of all commercial exports to allied countries
B. The total effort to safeguard information and technology in an international acquisition program
C. The exclusive use of biometric security systems for military installation access control
D. The process of converting classified military hardware into unclassified dual-use items
ANSWER ■: B — The total effort to safeguard information and technology in an international acquisition
program
Explanation: According to the course materials, technology security is defined as the total effort to safeguard information
and technology in an international acquisition program. This definition emphasizes a comprehensive and structured
approach to protection rather than isolated security activities.
QUESTION 2 (Exam 1 Topic)
What key activity must be accomplished as part of effective security planning in an international acquisition
program?
A. Relying solely on verbal agreements between foreign liaison officers
B. Restricting all foreign national access to unclassified military installations
C. Documenting how the information/technology will be protected
D. Declassification of all technical data before sharing with allied countries
ANSWER ■: C — Documenting how the information/technology will be protected
Explanation: Effective security planning requires documenting how the information and technology will be protected. This
ensures clear responsibilities, proper tracking, and legal accountability for all shared military technologies.
QUESTION 3 (Exam 1 Topic)
What type of international acquisition program is managed by the Defense Security Cooperation Agency
(DSCA), funded with U.S. Government appropriations, and administered as cases within the FMS
infrastructure?
A. Direct Commercial Sales (DCS)
B. Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADA)
C. Building Partner Capacity (BPC)
D. Dual-Use Technology Licensing Programs
ANSWER ■: C — Building Partner Capacity (BPC)
Explanation: Building Partner Capacity (BPC) programs are managed by the DSCA, funded with U.S. Government
appropriations, and administered as cases within the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) infrastructure.
UNCLASSIFIED - STUDY MATERIAL Page 3
, ACQ 1300 FUNDAMENTALS OF TECHNOLOGY SECURITY/TRANSFER 2026-2027 UPDATE EXAM TEST BANK
QUESTION 4 (Exam 1 Topic)
At what phase should security planning begin in a conceptual and proposed 'from the start' international
acquisition program?
A. Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD)
B. Production and Deployment
C. Operations and Support
D. Materiel Solution Analysis
ANSWER ■: D — Materiel Solution Analysis
Explanation: Security planning must begin as early as possible in the lifecycle, which corresponds to the Materiel Solution
Analysis phase for proposed or conceptual 'from the start' international acquisition programs.
QUESTION 5 (Exam 1 Topic)
What is required to achieve effective technology security in any international program?
A. A team effort requiring everyone's participation
B. Relying solely on the program manager's oversight
C. Delegating all security decisions to the foreign disclosure office
D. Automated cybersecurity software without human intervention
ANSWER ■: A — A team effort requiring everyone's participation
Explanation: The material states that effective technology security requires a team effort with everyone's participation,
highlighting that security cannot be achieved in a silo by a single office or individual.
QUESTION 6 (Exam 1 Topic)
What type of international acquisition program involves the United States providing defense articles, military
training, and other military services in accordance with the Foreign Assistance Act (FAA)?
A. Direct Commercial Sales (DCS)
B. Security Assistance
C. Cooperative Logistics Supply Support Arrangements
D. Non-Appropriated Fund Instrumentalities
ANSWER ■: B — Security Assistance
Explanation: Security Assistance is the specific class of international acquisition programs funded and authorized under
the Foreign Assistance Act (FAA) through which the U.S. provides defense articles, military training, and other services to
partner nations.
UNCLASSIFIED - STUDY MATERIAL Page 4
