IPHY 2420 CU BOULDER FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. what is an essential amino acid?
Answer:
cannot be produced in our body and has to be obtained through food
Question:
2. how many amino acids are essential?
Answer:
9 out of 20
Question:
3. how can a vegan consume all of the necessary amino acids?
Answer:
eat plant foods with all nine, such as rice and beans
Question:
4. describe the function proteins have in electrolyte balance
Answer:
- transport membranes are embedded in the cell membrane, where they aid in movement in and outside of
the cell
- sodium from the inside of the cell binds to the transport protein, which then releases it to the outside of
the cell
- potassium binds to a transport protein from outside of the cell, where it is then released to the inside of
the cell
Question:
5. jacob has had a difficult time meeting all nutrient needs consuming food alone. would you recommend a
supplement for Jacob, why or why not? if so, what kind of dietary supplement would you recommend?
Answer:
- a supplement could help, but he needs to change his diet first
- if he wants a supplement, he should supplement with a protein powder. it is usually consumed with
liquids, so he won't feel overly full
- whey protein may be a better option than casein protein for Jacob if he plans to consume it after his
workouts because it is very high in all of the essential amino acids and it is fast acting which means the
amino acids will be absorbed quickly
- casein would work before bed since it's slow acting
Question:
6. describe fluid balance and how it is achieved in the body, as well as the role of electrolytes in achieving
this
, Answer:
- fluid balance allows for control and maintenance of cellular function and nerve impulses
- electrolytes are important because this is how water enters and exits the cells; water follows the
movement of electrolytes, a controlled process called osmosis
- factors that control and maintain fluid balance:
- thirst mechanism: in the hypothalamus that is triggered by an increased concentration of salts in the
blood, decreased blood volume and blood pressure
- water loss: through evaporative cooling, exhalation, urine, feces
- water gain: through foods, beverages, and metabolic reactions
Question:
7. describe what hypertension is and what the risk factors are for developing it, ad how it can be treated
Answer:
- hypertension describes high blood pressure (<130/80) and is a warning sign for individuals who are at
risk for developing cardiovascular disease
- it can be hereditary but poor nutrition, sedentary lifestyle, ad obesity are also causes
- hypertension can be treated by decreasing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake
- people with hypertension should follow the DASH diet, which consists of plenty of foods that are low in
sodium and higher in potassium such as fruits and vegetables
Question:
8. what functions and health benefits do omega-3 fatty acids provide? what is the best source of omega-3
fatty acids to consume to experience these benefits?
Answer:
- it serves to regulate cellular function, regulate blood pressure, blood clotting, and inflammation
- it can lower blood triglyceride levels, CVD risk, and stroke
- it is always best to consume omega-3 fatty acids from food sources such as fatty fish because food
sources are better than supplements
- consuming fatty fish will provide active form of omega-3 (DHA and EPA) whereas the form of omega-3
fatty acid in flax must be converted to DHA and EPA, which is not an efficient process
Question:
9. what does the term bioavailability refer to?
Answer:
how much of a certain nutrient is actually absorbed by the body
Question:
10. randi recently found out that her body doesn't absorb iron very efficiently, therefore she is deficient in
iron. Which of the following nutrients would you recommend she consume to help combat this?
Answer:
vitamin c because it enhances and increases the amount of iron absorbed
Question:
11. which of the following people is at the greatest risk of developing dehydration
Answer:
juyne, a one month old child who has had chronic diarrhea
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. what is an essential amino acid?
Answer:
cannot be produced in our body and has to be obtained through food
Question:
2. how many amino acids are essential?
Answer:
9 out of 20
Question:
3. how can a vegan consume all of the necessary amino acids?
Answer:
eat plant foods with all nine, such as rice and beans
Question:
4. describe the function proteins have in electrolyte balance
Answer:
- transport membranes are embedded in the cell membrane, where they aid in movement in and outside of
the cell
- sodium from the inside of the cell binds to the transport protein, which then releases it to the outside of
the cell
- potassium binds to a transport protein from outside of the cell, where it is then released to the inside of
the cell
Question:
5. jacob has had a difficult time meeting all nutrient needs consuming food alone. would you recommend a
supplement for Jacob, why or why not? if so, what kind of dietary supplement would you recommend?
Answer:
- a supplement could help, but he needs to change his diet first
- if he wants a supplement, he should supplement with a protein powder. it is usually consumed with
liquids, so he won't feel overly full
- whey protein may be a better option than casein protein for Jacob if he plans to consume it after his
workouts because it is very high in all of the essential amino acids and it is fast acting which means the
amino acids will be absorbed quickly
- casein would work before bed since it's slow acting
Question:
6. describe fluid balance and how it is achieved in the body, as well as the role of electrolytes in achieving
this
, Answer:
- fluid balance allows for control and maintenance of cellular function and nerve impulses
- electrolytes are important because this is how water enters and exits the cells; water follows the
movement of electrolytes, a controlled process called osmosis
- factors that control and maintain fluid balance:
- thirst mechanism: in the hypothalamus that is triggered by an increased concentration of salts in the
blood, decreased blood volume and blood pressure
- water loss: through evaporative cooling, exhalation, urine, feces
- water gain: through foods, beverages, and metabolic reactions
Question:
7. describe what hypertension is and what the risk factors are for developing it, ad how it can be treated
Answer:
- hypertension describes high blood pressure (<130/80) and is a warning sign for individuals who are at
risk for developing cardiovascular disease
- it can be hereditary but poor nutrition, sedentary lifestyle, ad obesity are also causes
- hypertension can be treated by decreasing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake
- people with hypertension should follow the DASH diet, which consists of plenty of foods that are low in
sodium and higher in potassium such as fruits and vegetables
Question:
8. what functions and health benefits do omega-3 fatty acids provide? what is the best source of omega-3
fatty acids to consume to experience these benefits?
Answer:
- it serves to regulate cellular function, regulate blood pressure, blood clotting, and inflammation
- it can lower blood triglyceride levels, CVD risk, and stroke
- it is always best to consume omega-3 fatty acids from food sources such as fatty fish because food
sources are better than supplements
- consuming fatty fish will provide active form of omega-3 (DHA and EPA) whereas the form of omega-3
fatty acid in flax must be converted to DHA and EPA, which is not an efficient process
Question:
9. what does the term bioavailability refer to?
Answer:
how much of a certain nutrient is actually absorbed by the body
Question:
10. randi recently found out that her body doesn't absorb iron very efficiently, therefore she is deficient in
iron. Which of the following nutrients would you recommend she consume to help combat this?
Answer:
vitamin c because it enhances and increases the amount of iron absorbed
Question:
11. which of the following people is at the greatest risk of developing dehydration
Answer:
juyne, a one month old child who has had chronic diarrhea
