MCA I - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
In teaching a patient with pyelonephritis about the disorder, the
nurse informs the patient that the organisms that cause
pyelonephritis most commonly reach the kidneys through
a. the bloodstream
b. the lymphatic system
c. a descending infection
d. an ascending infection -
correct answer ✅d. an ascending infection
Rationale: The organisms that usually cause urinary tract infections
(UTIs) are introduced via the ascending route from the urethra, and
the infections originate in the perineum.
The nurse teaches the female patient who has frequent UTIs that
she should
a. take tub baths with bubble bath
b. urinate before and after sexual intercourse
c. take prophylactic sulfonamides for the rest of her life
,MCA I - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
d. restrict fluid intake to prevent the need for frequent voiding -
correct answer ✅b. urinate before and after sexual intercourse
Rationale: When teaching a patient to prevent a recurrence of a
urinary tract infection, the nurse should explain the importance of
emptying the bladder before and after sexual intercourse.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with severe renal colic. The
nurse's first priority in management of the patient is to
a. administer opioids as prescribed
b. obtain supplies for straining all urine
c. encourage fluid intake of 3 to 4 L/day
d. keep the patient NPO in preparation for surgery -
correct answer ✅a. administer opioids as prescribed
Rationale: Pain management and patient comfort are primary
nursing responsibilities in managing an obstructing stone and renal
colic.
,MCA I - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
The nurse identifies a risk factor for kidney and bladder cancer in a
patient who relates a history of
a. aspirin use
b. tobacco use
c. chronic alcohol abuse
d. use of artificial sweeteners -
correct answer ✅b. tobacco use
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is the most significant risk factor for
renal cell carcinoma. An increased incidence has also been
identified in first-degree relatives of patients with this condition.
Other risk factors include obesity, hypertension, and exposure to
asbestos, cadmium, and gasoline. Risk for renal cancer is also
increased in individuals who have acquired cystic disease of the
kidney in association with end-stage renal disease. Risk factors for
bladder cancer include smoking, exposure to dyes used in the
rubber and cable industries, and chronic abuse of phenacetin-
containing analgesics.
In planning nursing interventions to increase bladder control in the
patient with urinary incontinence, the nurse includes
, MCA I - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
a. teaching the patient to use Kegel exercises
b. clamping and releasing a catheter to increase bladder tone
c. teaching the patient biofeedback mechanisms to suppress the
urge to void
d. counseling the patient concerning choice of incontinence
containment device -
correct answer ✅a. teaching the patient to use Kegel exercises
Rationale: Pelvic floor muscle training (i.e., Kegel exercises) is used
to manage stress, urge, or mixed urinary incontinence.
The nurse is caring for a 73-yr-old male patient with a history of
benign prostatic hyperplasia and symptoms of a urinary tract
infection. Which diagnostic finding would support this diagnosis?
A. White blood cell count is 7500 cells/µL.
B.Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titer is 106 Todd units/mL.
C. Glucose, protein, and ketones are present in the urine.
ANSWERS
In teaching a patient with pyelonephritis about the disorder, the
nurse informs the patient that the organisms that cause
pyelonephritis most commonly reach the kidneys through
a. the bloodstream
b. the lymphatic system
c. a descending infection
d. an ascending infection -
correct answer ✅d. an ascending infection
Rationale: The organisms that usually cause urinary tract infections
(UTIs) are introduced via the ascending route from the urethra, and
the infections originate in the perineum.
The nurse teaches the female patient who has frequent UTIs that
she should
a. take tub baths with bubble bath
b. urinate before and after sexual intercourse
c. take prophylactic sulfonamides for the rest of her life
,MCA I - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
d. restrict fluid intake to prevent the need for frequent voiding -
correct answer ✅b. urinate before and after sexual intercourse
Rationale: When teaching a patient to prevent a recurrence of a
urinary tract infection, the nurse should explain the importance of
emptying the bladder before and after sexual intercourse.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with severe renal colic. The
nurse's first priority in management of the patient is to
a. administer opioids as prescribed
b. obtain supplies for straining all urine
c. encourage fluid intake of 3 to 4 L/day
d. keep the patient NPO in preparation for surgery -
correct answer ✅a. administer opioids as prescribed
Rationale: Pain management and patient comfort are primary
nursing responsibilities in managing an obstructing stone and renal
colic.
,MCA I - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
The nurse identifies a risk factor for kidney and bladder cancer in a
patient who relates a history of
a. aspirin use
b. tobacco use
c. chronic alcohol abuse
d. use of artificial sweeteners -
correct answer ✅b. tobacco use
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is the most significant risk factor for
renal cell carcinoma. An increased incidence has also been
identified in first-degree relatives of patients with this condition.
Other risk factors include obesity, hypertension, and exposure to
asbestos, cadmium, and gasoline. Risk for renal cancer is also
increased in individuals who have acquired cystic disease of the
kidney in association with end-stage renal disease. Risk factors for
bladder cancer include smoking, exposure to dyes used in the
rubber and cable industries, and chronic abuse of phenacetin-
containing analgesics.
In planning nursing interventions to increase bladder control in the
patient with urinary incontinence, the nurse includes
, MCA I - FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
a. teaching the patient to use Kegel exercises
b. clamping and releasing a catheter to increase bladder tone
c. teaching the patient biofeedback mechanisms to suppress the
urge to void
d. counseling the patient concerning choice of incontinence
containment device -
correct answer ✅a. teaching the patient to use Kegel exercises
Rationale: Pelvic floor muscle training (i.e., Kegel exercises) is used
to manage stress, urge, or mixed urinary incontinence.
The nurse is caring for a 73-yr-old male patient with a history of
benign prostatic hyperplasia and symptoms of a urinary tract
infection. Which diagnostic finding would support this diagnosis?
A. White blood cell count is 7500 cells/µL.
B.Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titer is 106 Todd units/mL.
C. Glucose, protein, and ketones are present in the urine.
