NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM REVIEW SOLVED QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Key concepts covered in Weeks 5-8 of NR 507.
Answer: Gastrointestinal pathologies, Neurobiological pathologies,
Endocrine pathologies, CNS sensory and motor pathologies, Brain
pathologies, Dermatologic pathologies.
◉ Key concepts covered in Weeks 1-4 of NR 507.
Answer: COPD, Asthma, Hypersensitivity reactions, Restrictive vs.
Obstructive disorders, Heart failure, Lab markers for Anemia,
Anemias, Iron deficiency anemia, Systemic lupus erythematosus,
Heart valve disorders.
◉ Subjective symptoms of GERD.
Answer: Heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia, and chest pain.
◉ Objective findings in a physical examination of uncomplicated
GERD.
Answer: The physical examination is usually normal, although there
may be signs of esophagitis or other complications in severe cases.
,◉ Pathophysiology of GERD.
Answer: GERD is caused by lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction,
hiatal hernia, and esophageal motility disorders leading to gastric
acid flowing back into the esophagus.
◉ Treatment options for GERD.
Answer: Lifestyle modifications, medications (antacids, H2 receptor
antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, prokinetic agents), and
surgery.
◉ Warning signs of GERD for patients over 50.
Answer: Dysphagia, odynophagia, nausea and vomiting, weight loss,
melena, and early satiety.
◉ Pathophysiology of appendicitis.
Answer: Appendicitis involves obstruction of the lumen of the
appendix, leading to inflammation, infection, and potential
perforation due to increased luminal pressure and compromised
blood flow.
◉ Common symptoms of appendicitis.
Answer: Periumbilical pain, RLQ pain, fever and leukocytosis,
nausea, and vomiting.
, ◉ Diagnostic tests for appendicitis.
Answer: WBC count greater than 10,000 cells/mm3 with increased
neutrophils, C-reactive protein, abdominal ultrasound, CT scan, and
MRI.
◉ Risks following an appendectomy.
Answer: Increased risk of colon cancer among individuals aged 50-
74 years.
◉ NP role in the treatment of GERD.
Answer: The NP evaluates the effectiveness of the treatment.
◉ Lifestyle modifications for GERD patients.
Answer: Lifestyle modifications may include dietary changes, weight
management, and avoiding triggers.
◉ Medications commonly used to treat GERD.
Answer: Antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors,
and prokinetic agents.
◉ Significance of esophageal motility disorders in GERD.
Answer: Impaired esophageal peristalsis reduces esophageal
clearance, leading to pooling of gastric acid.
EXAM REVIEW SOLVED QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Key concepts covered in Weeks 5-8 of NR 507.
Answer: Gastrointestinal pathologies, Neurobiological pathologies,
Endocrine pathologies, CNS sensory and motor pathologies, Brain
pathologies, Dermatologic pathologies.
◉ Key concepts covered in Weeks 1-4 of NR 507.
Answer: COPD, Asthma, Hypersensitivity reactions, Restrictive vs.
Obstructive disorders, Heart failure, Lab markers for Anemia,
Anemias, Iron deficiency anemia, Systemic lupus erythematosus,
Heart valve disorders.
◉ Subjective symptoms of GERD.
Answer: Heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia, and chest pain.
◉ Objective findings in a physical examination of uncomplicated
GERD.
Answer: The physical examination is usually normal, although there
may be signs of esophagitis or other complications in severe cases.
,◉ Pathophysiology of GERD.
Answer: GERD is caused by lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction,
hiatal hernia, and esophageal motility disorders leading to gastric
acid flowing back into the esophagus.
◉ Treatment options for GERD.
Answer: Lifestyle modifications, medications (antacids, H2 receptor
antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, prokinetic agents), and
surgery.
◉ Warning signs of GERD for patients over 50.
Answer: Dysphagia, odynophagia, nausea and vomiting, weight loss,
melena, and early satiety.
◉ Pathophysiology of appendicitis.
Answer: Appendicitis involves obstruction of the lumen of the
appendix, leading to inflammation, infection, and potential
perforation due to increased luminal pressure and compromised
blood flow.
◉ Common symptoms of appendicitis.
Answer: Periumbilical pain, RLQ pain, fever and leukocytosis,
nausea, and vomiting.
, ◉ Diagnostic tests for appendicitis.
Answer: WBC count greater than 10,000 cells/mm3 with increased
neutrophils, C-reactive protein, abdominal ultrasound, CT scan, and
MRI.
◉ Risks following an appendectomy.
Answer: Increased risk of colon cancer among individuals aged 50-
74 years.
◉ NP role in the treatment of GERD.
Answer: The NP evaluates the effectiveness of the treatment.
◉ Lifestyle modifications for GERD patients.
Answer: Lifestyle modifications may include dietary changes, weight
management, and avoiding triggers.
◉ Medications commonly used to treat GERD.
Answer: Antacids, H2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors,
and prokinetic agents.
◉ Significance of esophageal motility disorders in GERD.
Answer: Impaired esophageal peristalsis reduces esophageal
clearance, leading to pooling of gastric acid.
