NUR 106 MODULE A EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026

NUR 106 MODULE A EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026 First Trimester - Answers 0-13 weeks Second Trimester - Answers 14-26 weeks Third Trimester - Answers 27-40 weeks Gravida/Gravidity - Answers woman who is pregnant/pregnancy Nulligravida - Answers Never been pregnant primigravida - Answers first time pregnancy Multigravida - Answers Multiple pregnancies Parity - Answers The number of pregnancies greater than 20 weeks of gestation- whether alive or not. Nullipara - Answers Zero pregnancies that reached viability Primipara - Answers One pregnancy that has reached viability Multipara - Answers Two or more pregnancies that reached viability 37 weeks - Answers Term birth Abortion - Answers Pregnancies delivered before 20 weeks Presumptive pregnancy signs - Answers P-Period Absent R-Really Tired E-Enlarged Breast S-Sore Breasts U-Urinary frequency M-Movement perceived (quickening) E-Emesis/Nausea Probable pregnancy signs - Answers P-Positive test R-Returning of fetus when uterus is pushed w/ fingers (ballottement) O-Objective data B-Braxton hicks A-A softened cervix (Goodell's sign) B-Bluish color of vulva, vagina or uterus (Chadwick's sign) L-Lower uterine segment soft (Hegar's sign) E-Enlarged Uterus Why is a positive test not a positive sign? - Answers High levels of hCG can be associated with other conditions such as certain medications or a hydatidiform mole. Why is quickening not a positive sign? - Answers It can be difficult to distinguish from gas or peristalsis Positive signs of pregnancy - Answers F-Fetal movement palpated by doctor or nurse E-Electric device detects heart tones T-The delivery of baby U-Ultrasound detects baby S-Seeing visible movements Allows for milk production - Answers Prolactin Hormone that causes Growth of fetal organs and maternal tissues - Answers Estrogen Relaxes smooth muscles - Answers Progesterone and Relaxin Produced by placenta, prevents menstruation - Answers hCG Stimulates contractions at the start of labor - Answers Oxytocin What does the respiratory system do during pregnancy? - Answers BMR increases O2 needs increases Respiratory alkalosis Woman may note shortness of breath Relaxin- ligaments around lungs relax What does the cardio system do during pregnancy? - Answers Increased CO r/t SV and HR increasing (30-50%) Blood pressure stays the same If it increases- woman may be at risk for preeclampsia Increase in plasma volume Heart enlarges May develop s3 murmur (Kentucky) Supine hypotension What does the renal system do during pregnancy? - Answers Increased GFR from increased plasma volume Smooth muscle relaxes in uterus putting you at increased risk for UTI Increased urgency, frequency, and nocturia Edema Stasis of urine=bacteria x's What does the musculoskeletal system do during pregnancy? - Answers Lordosis Low back pain Carpal tunnel syndrome Calf cramps Calcium storage What does the pituitary gland do during pregnancy? - Answers Decrease FSH/LH r/t increase in progesterone Increase prolactin and oxytocin What does the thyroid gland do during pregnancy? - Answers Increase Thyroxine May have enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) Increase in metabolism and appetite What does the GI system do during pregnancy? - Answers Heartburn increase (pyrosis) r/t increase in progesterone Constipation Hemorrhoids r/t increase progesterone and decreased gut motility PICA- non-food cravings such as ice, clay, and laundry starch Retains bile salts making bile thicker Empty time increases What does the hematological system do? - Answers Increased risk for DVT's White blood cells increase Platelets decrease At risk for Anemia- may need iron supplement Immune system decreases What does the skin system do during pregnancy? - Answers Stretch marks Cholasma- mask of pregnancy Brownish hyperpigmentation of the skin Linea nigra "pregnancy line" Acne Montgomery glands Circulation increases Warm/diaphoretic Hair growth Brittle nails Colostrum- thick, yellow fluid that lubricates Breast are highly vascular Small, rough nodular pimple-like appearance of the areola (nipple) - Answers Montgomery glands/ tubercles What months have 30 days? - Answers September, April, June, November What month has 28 days? - Answers February How to calculate EDD? - Answers -3 months + 7 days A group of infections that cause fetal abnormalities - Answers TORCH infections Should not be breastfed and should have c-section at 38 weeks - Answers HIV/AIDS What is applied after birth to help prevent STI's in the baby? - Answers Erythromycin ointment TORCH mnemonic - Answers T=Toxoplasmosis (avoid undercooked meat and handling cat litter box) O= Other ( Hep B, DNA virus infection by direct contact)[ Group B hemolytic streptococcus treated with penicillin] R= Rubella (prenatal testing required by law; vaccine not given during pregnancy) C=Cytomegalovirus (transmitted by bodily fluid; detected by antibody/serological testing) H= Herpes (C-section delivery if active regions) TERA-TOWAS mnemonic - Answers T-Thalidomide (Sedative) E-Epileptic medication R-Retinoid (Vit A) A-Ace inhibitors, ARBS T-Third element (Lithium) O-Oral contraceptives W-Warfarin A-Alcohol S-Sulfonamides and sulfones Danger signs during 1st trimester - Answers -Burning on urination -Severe vomiting (hyperemesis gravidarum) -Diarrhea -Fever/chills -Abdominal cramping/vaginal bleeding Danger signs during 2nd and 3rd trimester - Answers -Gush of fluid from vagina -Vaginal bleeding -Abdominal pain -Changes in fetal activity -Persistent vomiting (hyperemesis gravidarum) -Severe headache -Elevated temperature -Dysuria -Blurred vision -Edema of face and hands -Epigastric pain -Hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia Hormone of pregnancy increased in 1st trimester - Answers Progesterone What does the reproductive system do during pregnancy? - Answers -Uterus weight increases and wall thickens then thins -Hyperplasia/Hypertrophy increases -Uterus wall expands into abd. cavity -Braxton hicks can occur -Blood vessels expands uterus blood flow -Metabolic waste from fetus diffuse into mother -Cervix vascularity increases -Hyperemia (congestion w/ blood) -Chadwick's sign -Goodell's sign -"Bloody show" -Mucous thickens, prominent rugae -Yeast infections increase -Sexual interest/orgasmic experiences increase -Ovulation stops -Release FSH/LH -Lightening How can you tell if you are having braxton hick's? - Answers lasts for 30 seconds no pattern no cervix change Bluish-purple vagina, vulva, cervix - Answers Chadwick's sign Cervical softening - Answers Goodell's sign Lower uterine segment soft - Answers Hegar's sign List all the common discomforts of pregnancy - Answers Nausea/vomiting Breast tenderness Urinary frequency UTI's Fatigue Heartburn Constipation Hemorrhoids Backache SOB Leg cramps Varicose veins/lower leg extremity edema Gingivitis, nasal stuffiness, epistaxis (nose bleed) Braxton hicks Supine hypotension Interventions for nausea/vomiting - Answers Eat crackers/dry toast in AM Avoid empty stomach or gas forming foods Encourage fluid drinking Interventions for breast tenderness - Answers Wear supportive bra Interventions for urinary frequency - Answers Empty bladder frequently Decrease fluid at bedtime Perineal pads Kegel exercises Interventions for UTI - Answers Wipe front to back Avoid bubble baths Wear cotton underpants Avoid tight fitting pants 8 glasses water per day urinate before/after intercourse urinate when urged notify pcp of foul smell, blood or cloudy Intervention for fatigue - Answers frequent rest periods interventions for heartburn - Answers small, frequent meals check with pcp before using any OTC antacids Do not lie down post meal Interventions for constipation - Answers Drink fluids Increase fiber Exercise Interventions for hemmrhoids - Answers Warm sitz bath Witch hazel Topical ointment Interventions for backache - Answers Exercise Pelvic tilt Proper body mechanics Use side lying position Interventions for SOB - Answers Maintain good posture Sleep with extra pillows Interventions for leg cramps - Answers Extend affected leg, keep knee straight, dorsiflex foot Apply heat or foot massage Interventions for varicose veins - Answers Rest, elevate legs/hips Avoid constrictive clothing Avoid staying in 1 position Do not cross legs Sleep in left lateral position Interventions for gingivitis, nasal stuffiness, or nosebleed - Answers Gently brush teeth Good dental hygiene Humidifier Nasal drops or spray Interventions for braxton hicks - Answers change position/exercise Notify hcp if they persist Interventions for supine hypotension - Answers Side lying position w/ knees flexed is best to prevent Hypothalamus stimulates what? - Answers Anterior pituitary gland Reproductive sex glands - Answers Gonads Ovaries and testes increase production of sex hormones - Answers Gametes Delayed onset within 2 years or by 16 - Answers Primary amenorrhea Absence of menstruation for at least 3 cycles or 6 months, most common in athletes, dancers, women w/ eating disorders - Answers Second amenorrhea Wet dreams - Answers nocturnal emissions Houses and nourishes fetus to sufficient maturity to function outside body, propels fetus - Answers Uterus Passageway for ovum as it travels from ovary to uterus, site of fertilization - Answers fallopian tubes Collect milk from alveoli and conduct it outside - Answers Lactiferous ducts Housing of testes/maintenance of their temperature at a level cooler than trunk of body, promoting normal sperm formation - Answers Scrotum Endocrine glands that secrete primary male hormone- testosterone Creates sperm formation - Answers Testes Location of spermatogenesis within testes - Answers Seminiferous tubules Storage of some sperm, final sperm maturation, location where sperm develop ability to be motile - Answers Epididymis Storage of sperm, conduction of sperm from epididymis to urethra - Answers Vas Deferens 3 phases of ovarian cycle - Answers Approx. 28 days Follicular Ovulatory Luteal Hypothalamus secretes - Answers gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) Anterior pituitary secretes - Answers FSH and LH Day 1-13 of ovarian cycle, FSH/LH increase 6-12 Graafian follicles mature to be released to be fertilized Estrogen increases - Answers Follicular Day 14 of ovarian cycle ovum released into peritoneal cavity then swept into fallopian tube with help of fimbriae cilia Egg will only live for 24 hours Basal body temperature increases Fertilized in ampullae of fallopian tube - Answers Ovulation Day 15-28 of ovarian cycle Corpus luteum forms Release progesterone and estrogen Stays in place for 14 days, if it dies- progesterone and estrogen drop. Embryo will release hCG - Answers Luteal Elasticity of cervical mucous - Answers spinnbarkeit Correct timing between ovum and ejaculation - Answers Conception High estrogen and progesterone levels to prepare for pregnancy - Answers Corpus luteum Describe the pre-embryonic stage - Answers 1st 2 weeks after conception Fertilized ovum is now a zygote that enters uterus Fetus and placenta develop Implantation (nidation) occurs 6-10 days after conception hCG secreted Site of implantation is where placenta develops-upper uterus is best Implantation bleeding may occur Describe the embryonic period - Answers Embryo develops week 3-8 after conception By end of 8th, all major body symptoms are in place Structures are vulnerable to Tetragons Week 2 fetal development - Answers Implantation complete Lots of cell growth Week 3 of fetal development - Answers Missed cycle Germ layer develops CNS begins developing Neural plate appears- neural tube forms