NUR 445 exam 4 Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams Includes
Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
when 2 or more organ systems are attected usually in
septic shock that respond to antigens and activate inflam-
What is Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
matory response leading to destruction of tissues and
organ failure
-CBC
-Lactic acid (tissue damage, muscle damage)
What labs do we want to get for a patient in multi-organ
-ABG
failure
-AST/LST
-BUN/Cr
-Sepsis (most common)
-Severe injury
What are the causes of multi-organ failure -Apoptosis
-Alcohol abuse
-Trauma
-Prevention of sepsis
How can we prevent multi-organ failure? - early identification of sepsis, antibiotics (broad spec-
trum) and fluids, antipyretics
Initial Stage
Compensatory Stage
What are the stages of shock?
Progressive Stage
Refractory Stage
Describe the initial stage of shock Marked by hypoxia due to decrease DO2 to the cells
-Compensatory mechanisms to maintain adequate vol-
ume, cardiac output. Neural, endocrine and chemical
compensation
Describe the compensatory stage of shock
As BP drops, the body begins compensating by utilizing
the RAAS and other systems to increase BP and return to
normal tissue perfusion
Describe the progressive stage of shock
1/9
, NUR 445 exam 4 Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams Includes
Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
-failure of compensatory mechanisms
-Extensive shunting of blood to vital organs
-profound hypo-perfusion
-Worsening metabolic acidosis
-Respiratory acidosis
Prolonged inadequate blood supply to the cells, resulting
Describe the refractory stage of shock
in cell death and MODS
Hypovolemic shock
cardiogenic shock
List the types of shocks
Distributive Shock
Obstructive Shock
-blood loss due to trauma, GI
What is the cause of hypovolemic shock
-Dehydration from DKA and Burns
sepsis, anaphylaxis, neurogenic problems (CNS disorders,
causes of distributive shock Drugs, Spinal cord injuries)
*increased capillary permeability*
-MI (severe valvular dysfunction)
-Severe heart failure
Causes of cardiogenic shock
-Cardiomyopathy
-CAD
-Tension pneumothorax
-Cardiac tamponade
Obstructive shock causes
-Severe valvular disease (increase after load)
-PE
Pathology of hypovolemic shock -Rapid fluid loss resulting in inadequate volume
-Disease stages of sepsis, anaphylaxis, neurogenic shock
Pathology of distributive shock
causing poor vascular and vasodilation
Inadequate pumping ability of the heart muscle, result of
acute myocardial infraction.
2/9
Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
when 2 or more organ systems are attected usually in
septic shock that respond to antigens and activate inflam-
What is Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
matory response leading to destruction of tissues and
organ failure
-CBC
-Lactic acid (tissue damage, muscle damage)
What labs do we want to get for a patient in multi-organ
-ABG
failure
-AST/LST
-BUN/Cr
-Sepsis (most common)
-Severe injury
What are the causes of multi-organ failure -Apoptosis
-Alcohol abuse
-Trauma
-Prevention of sepsis
How can we prevent multi-organ failure? - early identification of sepsis, antibiotics (broad spec-
trum) and fluids, antipyretics
Initial Stage
Compensatory Stage
What are the stages of shock?
Progressive Stage
Refractory Stage
Describe the initial stage of shock Marked by hypoxia due to decrease DO2 to the cells
-Compensatory mechanisms to maintain adequate vol-
ume, cardiac output. Neural, endocrine and chemical
compensation
Describe the compensatory stage of shock
As BP drops, the body begins compensating by utilizing
the RAAS and other systems to increase BP and return to
normal tissue perfusion
Describe the progressive stage of shock
1/9
, NUR 445 exam 4 Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams Includes
Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED 100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
-failure of compensatory mechanisms
-Extensive shunting of blood to vital organs
-profound hypo-perfusion
-Worsening metabolic acidosis
-Respiratory acidosis
Prolonged inadequate blood supply to the cells, resulting
Describe the refractory stage of shock
in cell death and MODS
Hypovolemic shock
cardiogenic shock
List the types of shocks
Distributive Shock
Obstructive Shock
-blood loss due to trauma, GI
What is the cause of hypovolemic shock
-Dehydration from DKA and Burns
sepsis, anaphylaxis, neurogenic problems (CNS disorders,
causes of distributive shock Drugs, Spinal cord injuries)
*increased capillary permeability*
-MI (severe valvular dysfunction)
-Severe heart failure
Causes of cardiogenic shock
-Cardiomyopathy
-CAD
-Tension pneumothorax
-Cardiac tamponade
Obstructive shock causes
-Severe valvular disease (increase after load)
-PE
Pathology of hypovolemic shock -Rapid fluid loss resulting in inadequate volume
-Disease stages of sepsis, anaphylaxis, neurogenic shock
Pathology of distributive shock
causing poor vascular and vasodilation
Inadequate pumping ability of the heart muscle, result of
acute myocardial infraction.
2/9
