NSG 3100 Fundamental Concepts & Skills I Exam
2026/2027 | Galen College Of Nursing | 100-Question
And Answers With Rationale
Question 1.
A nurse is using the nursing process to plan care for a patient. Which of the
following represents the correct order of the nursing process steps?
A. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
B. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
D. Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Planning, Evaluation
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
[Rationale:]{.underline}
The nursing process is a systematic, dynamic process with five steps: Assessment,
Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADPIE). This order ensures patient-
centered care: first collect data (Assessment), analyze to identify problems (Diagnosis),
set goals (Planning), carry out interventions (Implementation), and measure outcomes
(Evaluation).
Question 2.
A nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with the nursing diagnosis "Risk for
infection." Which intervention should the nurse include as a priority?
A. Administer antibiotics as ordered
B. Monitor the surgical incision for redness, swelling, or drainage
C. Culture the wound if drainage is present
D. Prescribe prophylactic antibiotics
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
,[Rationale:]{.underline}
For a risk diagnosis, the nurse implements preventive interventions. Monitoring for signs
of infection is a preventive intervention. Antibiotics and wound cultures are treatments
for actual infection, and prescribing is outside the nurse's scope.
Question 3.
Which statement is an example of subjective data?
A. Blood pressure 140/90 mmHg
B. Heart rate 88 beats per minute
C. Patient reports feeling nauseated
D. Oxygen saturation 96% on room air
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} C
[Rationale:]{.underline}
Subjective data are information reported by the patient, including feelings, perceptions,
and symptoms. Objective data are measurable and observable (vital signs, lab values,
physical assessment findings).
Question 4.
A patient's plan of care includes the outcome: "Patient will ambulate 50 feet with
a walker by day 3." This is an example of which type of goal?
A. Short-term goal
B. Long-term goal
C. Nursing-sensitive outcome
D. Patient-centered outcome
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
[Rationale:]{.underline}
Long-term goals are achievable over a longer time frame (days to weeks). Short-term
,goals are achievable within hours to days. This goal is measurable, realistic, and time-
specific.
Question 5.
A nurse is prioritizing nursing diagnoses for a patient with shortness of breath,
anxiety, and a knowledge deficit about diabetes. Which diagnosis should the nurse
address first?
A. Anxiety related to hospitalization
B. Ineffective breathing pattern related to airway obstruction
C. Knowledge deficit related to diabetes management
D. Risk for falls related to weakness
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
[Rationale:]{.underline}
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation),
ineffective breathing pattern threatens physiological stability and must be addressed
first. Psychosocial needs (anxiety) and safety needs (risk for falls) are addressed after
physiological stability.
Question 6.
Which nursing diagnosis is an example of a health promotion diagnosis?
A. Impaired skin integrity
B. Risk for falls
C. Readiness for enhanced breastfeeding
D. Ineffective airway clearance
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} C
[Rationale:]{.underline}
Health promotion diagnoses describe a patient's motivation and desire to increase
, wellbeing and health potential. They are written as "Readiness for enhanced [specific
behavior]." Actual problems (A, D) and risk diagnoses (B) are other types.
Question 7.
A nurse is using the PICO format to formulate a clinical question. What does the
"C" in PICO represent?
A. Comparison
B. Control
C. Context
D. Condition
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} A
[Rationale:]{.underline}
PICO stands for Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome. The "C"
represents the comparison intervention or group.
Question 8.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient with impaired physical mobility.
Which of the following is an appropriately written intervention?
A. Encourage bed rest to prevent falls
B. Perform passive range-of-motion exercises every 4 hours
C. Restrict all movement to prevent injury
D. Keep the patient in bed at all times
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
[Rationale:]{.underline}
Range-of-motion exercises help maintain joint mobility and prevent complications of
immobility. Bed rest and movement restriction would worsen the problem.
2026/2027 | Galen College Of Nursing | 100-Question
And Answers With Rationale
Question 1.
A nurse is using the nursing process to plan care for a patient. Which of the
following represents the correct order of the nursing process steps?
A. Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
B. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
D. Assessment, Diagnosis, Implementation, Planning, Evaluation
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
[Rationale:]{.underline}
The nursing process is a systematic, dynamic process with five steps: Assessment,
Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADPIE). This order ensures patient-
centered care: first collect data (Assessment), analyze to identify problems (Diagnosis),
set goals (Planning), carry out interventions (Implementation), and measure outcomes
(Evaluation).
Question 2.
A nurse is developing a care plan for a patient with the nursing diagnosis "Risk for
infection." Which intervention should the nurse include as a priority?
A. Administer antibiotics as ordered
B. Monitor the surgical incision for redness, swelling, or drainage
C. Culture the wound if drainage is present
D. Prescribe prophylactic antibiotics
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
,[Rationale:]{.underline}
For a risk diagnosis, the nurse implements preventive interventions. Monitoring for signs
of infection is a preventive intervention. Antibiotics and wound cultures are treatments
for actual infection, and prescribing is outside the nurse's scope.
Question 3.
Which statement is an example of subjective data?
A. Blood pressure 140/90 mmHg
B. Heart rate 88 beats per minute
C. Patient reports feeling nauseated
D. Oxygen saturation 96% on room air
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} C
[Rationale:]{.underline}
Subjective data are information reported by the patient, including feelings, perceptions,
and symptoms. Objective data are measurable and observable (vital signs, lab values,
physical assessment findings).
Question 4.
A patient's plan of care includes the outcome: "Patient will ambulate 50 feet with
a walker by day 3." This is an example of which type of goal?
A. Short-term goal
B. Long-term goal
C. Nursing-sensitive outcome
D. Patient-centered outcome
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
[Rationale:]{.underline}
Long-term goals are achievable over a longer time frame (days to weeks). Short-term
,goals are achievable within hours to days. This goal is measurable, realistic, and time-
specific.
Question 5.
A nurse is prioritizing nursing diagnoses for a patient with shortness of breath,
anxiety, and a knowledge deficit about diabetes. Which diagnosis should the nurse
address first?
A. Anxiety related to hospitalization
B. Ineffective breathing pattern related to airway obstruction
C. Knowledge deficit related to diabetes management
D. Risk for falls related to weakness
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
[Rationale:]{.underline}
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation),
ineffective breathing pattern threatens physiological stability and must be addressed
first. Psychosocial needs (anxiety) and safety needs (risk for falls) are addressed after
physiological stability.
Question 6.
Which nursing diagnosis is an example of a health promotion diagnosis?
A. Impaired skin integrity
B. Risk for falls
C. Readiness for enhanced breastfeeding
D. Ineffective airway clearance
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} C
[Rationale:]{.underline}
Health promotion diagnoses describe a patient's motivation and desire to increase
, wellbeing and health potential. They are written as "Readiness for enhanced [specific
behavior]." Actual problems (A, D) and risk diagnoses (B) are other types.
Question 7.
A nurse is using the PICO format to formulate a clinical question. What does the
"C" in PICO represent?
A. Comparison
B. Control
C. Context
D. Condition
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} A
[Rationale:]{.underline}
PICO stands for Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome. The "C"
represents the comparison intervention or group.
Question 8.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient with impaired physical mobility.
Which of the following is an appropriately written intervention?
A. Encourage bed rest to prevent falls
B. Perform passive range-of-motion exercises every 4 hours
C. Restrict all movement to prevent injury
D. Keep the patient in bed at all times
[Correct Answer:]{.underline} B
[Rationale:]{.underline}
Range-of-motion exercises help maintain joint mobility and prevent complications of
immobility. Bed rest and movement restriction would worsen the problem.
