ANATOMY EXAM 1 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
BIO 260 WILLIAM RAINEY HARPER COLLEGE
1. Which of the following is NOT a major tissue type?
A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Vascular
D) Nervous
Correct Answer: C) Vascular
Rationale: The four major tissue types are epithelial, connective,
muscular, and nervous. Vascular tissue is not one of the four primary
tissue types; blood is considered a type of connective tissue.
2. What is the primary function of keratinocytes in the epidermis?
A) Produce melanin for skin color
B) Synthesize keratin for protection
C) Store energy as fat
D) Produce collagen fibers
Correct Answer: B) Synthesize keratin for protection
Rationale: Keratinocytes are the primary cells of the epidermis that
produce keratin, a tough fibrous protein that provides protection
against mechanical stress, water loss, and pathogens.
,3. Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?
A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Articular cartilage
Correct Answer: C) Fibrocartilage
Rationale: Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs, pubic
symphysis, and knee menisci. It provides strong support and absorbs
compressive shock due to its dense collagen fiber arrangement.
4. The papillary layer and reticular layer are subdivisions of which
structure?
A) Epidermis
B) Hypodermis
C) Dermis
D) Subcutaneous layer
Correct Answer: C) Dermis
Rationale: The dermis consists of two layers: the superficial papillary
layer (loose connective tissue with dermal papillae) and the deeper
reticular layer (dense irregular connective tissue).
5. Which type of sweat gland opens into hair follicles and becomes
active at puberty?
A) Eccrine sweat glands
,B) Apocrine sweat glands
C) Sebaceous glands
D) Merocrine glands
Correct Answer: B) Apocrine sweat glands
Rationale: Apocrine sweat glands are found in axillary, pubic, and
pigmented nipple areas. They are large coiled tubes that begin secretion
at puberty and open into hair follicles.
6. What are the two main groups of cells in nervous tissue?
A) Neurons and neuroglia
B) Neurons and Schwann cells
C) Glial cells and astrocytes
D) Neurons and oligodendrocytes
Correct Answer: A) Neurons and neuroglia
Rationale: Nervous tissue contains two principal cell types: neurons
(excitable cells that transmit electrical signals) and neuroglia/glial cells
(supporting cells that protect and assist neurons).
7. Which of the following is NOT a type of macromolecule?
A) Proteins
B) Lipids
C) Minerals
D) Nucleic acids
Correct Answer: C) Minerals
, Rationale: The four types of macromolecules are proteins, lipids,
carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Minerals are inorganic elements, not
macromolecules.
8. What type of epithelial tissue lines the urinary bladder?
A) Simple squamous
B) Stratified squamous
C) Transitional epithelium
D) Pseudostratified columnar
Correct Answer: C) Transitional epithelium
Rationale: Transitional epithelium lines the urinary bladder, ureters, and
part of the urethra. It is specialized to stretch and accommodate volume
changes.
9. Which cells are responsible for producing fibers in connective tissue
matrix?
A) Mast cells
B) Macrophages
C) Fibroblasts
D) Adipocytes
Correct Answer: C) Fibroblasts
Rationale: Fibroblasts are the primary cells that produce all three types
of connective tissue fibers: collagen fibers, reticular fibers, and elastic
fibers.
BIO 260 WILLIAM RAINEY HARPER COLLEGE
1. Which of the following is NOT a major tissue type?
A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Vascular
D) Nervous
Correct Answer: C) Vascular
Rationale: The four major tissue types are epithelial, connective,
muscular, and nervous. Vascular tissue is not one of the four primary
tissue types; blood is considered a type of connective tissue.
2. What is the primary function of keratinocytes in the epidermis?
A) Produce melanin for skin color
B) Synthesize keratin for protection
C) Store energy as fat
D) Produce collagen fibers
Correct Answer: B) Synthesize keratin for protection
Rationale: Keratinocytes are the primary cells of the epidermis that
produce keratin, a tough fibrous protein that provides protection
against mechanical stress, water loss, and pathogens.
,3. Which type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs?
A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Articular cartilage
Correct Answer: C) Fibrocartilage
Rationale: Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs, pubic
symphysis, and knee menisci. It provides strong support and absorbs
compressive shock due to its dense collagen fiber arrangement.
4. The papillary layer and reticular layer are subdivisions of which
structure?
A) Epidermis
B) Hypodermis
C) Dermis
D) Subcutaneous layer
Correct Answer: C) Dermis
Rationale: The dermis consists of two layers: the superficial papillary
layer (loose connective tissue with dermal papillae) and the deeper
reticular layer (dense irregular connective tissue).
5. Which type of sweat gland opens into hair follicles and becomes
active at puberty?
A) Eccrine sweat glands
,B) Apocrine sweat glands
C) Sebaceous glands
D) Merocrine glands
Correct Answer: B) Apocrine sweat glands
Rationale: Apocrine sweat glands are found in axillary, pubic, and
pigmented nipple areas. They are large coiled tubes that begin secretion
at puberty and open into hair follicles.
6. What are the two main groups of cells in nervous tissue?
A) Neurons and neuroglia
B) Neurons and Schwann cells
C) Glial cells and astrocytes
D) Neurons and oligodendrocytes
Correct Answer: A) Neurons and neuroglia
Rationale: Nervous tissue contains two principal cell types: neurons
(excitable cells that transmit electrical signals) and neuroglia/glial cells
(supporting cells that protect and assist neurons).
7. Which of the following is NOT a type of macromolecule?
A) Proteins
B) Lipids
C) Minerals
D) Nucleic acids
Correct Answer: C) Minerals
, Rationale: The four types of macromolecules are proteins, lipids,
carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Minerals are inorganic elements, not
macromolecules.
8. What type of epithelial tissue lines the urinary bladder?
A) Simple squamous
B) Stratified squamous
C) Transitional epithelium
D) Pseudostratified columnar
Correct Answer: C) Transitional epithelium
Rationale: Transitional epithelium lines the urinary bladder, ureters, and
part of the urethra. It is specialized to stretch and accommodate volume
changes.
9. Which cells are responsible for producing fibers in connective tissue
matrix?
A) Mast cells
B) Macrophages
C) Fibroblasts
D) Adipocytes
Correct Answer: C) Fibroblasts
Rationale: Fibroblasts are the primary cells that produce all three types
of connective tissue fibers: collagen fibers, reticular fibers, and elastic
fibers.
