Psych 1010- Midterm Exam with
Complete Solutions
What are the three parts of the scientific attitude? - ANSWER-curiosity, skepticism, and
humility
thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. rather it examines
assumptions, appraises sources, discerns biases, evaluates evidence and assesses
conclusions - ANSWER-critical thinking
interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception,
thinking, memory, and language) - ANSWER-cognitive neuroscience
study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection -
ANSWER-evolutionary psychology
branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practice by physicians who
sometimes provide medical treatment as well as psychological therapy - ANSWER-
psychiatry
early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to reveal
the structure of the human mind - ANSWER-structuralism
early school of though promoted by James and influenced by Darwin; explored how
mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable the organism to adapt,
survive and flourish - ANSWER-functionalism
view that psychology 1) should be an objective science that 2) studies behavior without
reference to mental processes. - ANSWER-behaviorism
historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential - ANSWER-
humanistic psychology
tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it -
ANSWER-hindsight bias
beneficial effect, produced by a placebo drug or treatment, that cannot be attributed to
the properties of the placebo itself, and therefore must be due to the patient's belief in
that treatment - ANSWER-placebo effect
, What are the steps of the scientific method? - ANSWER-observe, question,
hypothesize, experiment, draw conclusion
explain behaviors or events by offering ideas that organize what we've observed -
ANSWER-theory
testable prediction; implied by theory - ANSWER-hypothesis
descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of
revealing universal principles - ANSWER-case study
descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring
situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation - ANSWER-naturalistic
observation
measure of the extent to which factors vary together and thus of how well either factor
predicts the other - ANSWER-correlate
research method in which an investigator one or more factors to observe the effects on
some behavior or mental process - ANSWER-experiment
the factor that is manipulated; the variable whose affect is being studies - ANSWER-
idenpendent variable
the outcome that is measured; variable that may change when the independent variable
is manipulated - ANSWER-dependent variable
factor other than the factor being studied that might produce an effect - ANSWER-
confounding variable
assigning participants to experimental and control groups by chance, thus minimizing
preexisting difference between the different groups - ANSWER-random assignment
sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance
of inclusion - ANSWER-random sample
statistical index of the relationship between two things - ANSWER-correlation coefficient
nerve cell; basic building block of the nervous system - ANSWER-neurons
neuron's often bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and conduct
impulses towards the cell body - ANSWER-dendrite
neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to
muscles or glands - ANSWER-axon
Complete Solutions
What are the three parts of the scientific attitude? - ANSWER-curiosity, skepticism, and
humility
thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. rather it examines
assumptions, appraises sources, discerns biases, evaluates evidence and assesses
conclusions - ANSWER-critical thinking
interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception,
thinking, memory, and language) - ANSWER-cognitive neuroscience
study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection -
ANSWER-evolutionary psychology
branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practice by physicians who
sometimes provide medical treatment as well as psychological therapy - ANSWER-
psychiatry
early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to reveal
the structure of the human mind - ANSWER-structuralism
early school of though promoted by James and influenced by Darwin; explored how
mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable the organism to adapt,
survive and flourish - ANSWER-functionalism
view that psychology 1) should be an objective science that 2) studies behavior without
reference to mental processes. - ANSWER-behaviorism
historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential - ANSWER-
humanistic psychology
tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it -
ANSWER-hindsight bias
beneficial effect, produced by a placebo drug or treatment, that cannot be attributed to
the properties of the placebo itself, and therefore must be due to the patient's belief in
that treatment - ANSWER-placebo effect
, What are the steps of the scientific method? - ANSWER-observe, question,
hypothesize, experiment, draw conclusion
explain behaviors or events by offering ideas that organize what we've observed -
ANSWER-theory
testable prediction; implied by theory - ANSWER-hypothesis
descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of
revealing universal principles - ANSWER-case study
descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring
situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation - ANSWER-naturalistic
observation
measure of the extent to which factors vary together and thus of how well either factor
predicts the other - ANSWER-correlate
research method in which an investigator one or more factors to observe the effects on
some behavior or mental process - ANSWER-experiment
the factor that is manipulated; the variable whose affect is being studies - ANSWER-
idenpendent variable
the outcome that is measured; variable that may change when the independent variable
is manipulated - ANSWER-dependent variable
factor other than the factor being studied that might produce an effect - ANSWER-
confounding variable
assigning participants to experimental and control groups by chance, thus minimizing
preexisting difference between the different groups - ANSWER-random assignment
sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance
of inclusion - ANSWER-random sample
statistical index of the relationship between two things - ANSWER-correlation coefficient
nerve cell; basic building block of the nervous system - ANSWER-neurons
neuron's often bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and conduct
impulses towards the cell body - ANSWER-dendrite
neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to
muscles or glands - ANSWER-axon
