psyc-1010 Exam Review with Complete
Solutions
statistics definition - ANSWER-a set of mathematical procedures used for organizing,
summarizing, and interpreting information
what do statistics do - ANSWER-- can see what happens and communicate results
- answers questions that initiated research
population definition - ANSWER-set of all individuals of interest
sample definition - ANSWER-set of individuals of interest fro a population
variable definition - ANSWER-a characteristic/condition that changes for different
individuals
what are the two procedures for statistics - ANSWER-1. descriptive statistics
2. inferential statistics
what are descriptive statistics - ANSWER-- summarize, organize, and simplify data
- organize it into something meaningful
- describe how it looks
what are inferential statistics - ANSWER-- a way to generalize the population of interest
sampling error definition - ANSWER-a naturally occurring error that exists between the
sample and population
experimental methods definition - ANSWER-determine a cause and effect relationship
between variables
what is the independent variable - ANSWER-the one that is being manipulated
what is the dependent variable - ANSWER-the one that is being measured
what are operational definitions - ANSWER-definitions that define measurement
procedures
what are the two types of variables - ANSWER-1. discrete variables
2. continuous variables
, what does the x column of a frequency distribution table represent - ANSWER-- the
scale of measurement
- categories listed from highest to lowest
what does the f column of a frequency distribution table represent - ANSWER--
frequency
- how often x occurs in the data set
what are group frequency distribution tables - ANSWER-frequency distribution tables
where scores are grouped rather than listed as individual values
what are class intervals - ANSWER-a group of scores in a grouped frequency
distribution
what is the range - ANSWER-- largest n - smallest n
what are the types of frequency distribution graphs - ANSWER-1. histogram
2. polygons
3. bar graphs
explain histograms - ANSWER-- used for ratio or interval data
- bars are touching for continuous variables
- good for longitudinal studies
explain polygraphs - ANSWER-- used for interval or ratio data
- dots represent frequency score, continuous line for each dot
- good for time intervals (months)
explain bar graphs - ANSWER-- used for nominal or ordinal data
- space between bars showing categories
what is central tendency - ANSWER-determines a single score that defines the centre
of a distribution
what is the mean - ANSWER-- all the scores added up, then divided by the number of
scores
what are characteristics of the mean (3) - ANSWER-1. changing of a score value
2. adding a score
3. removing a score
weighted mean - ANSWER-
what is the median - ANSWER-- the middle score when the scores are ordered from
smallest to largest
Solutions
statistics definition - ANSWER-a set of mathematical procedures used for organizing,
summarizing, and interpreting information
what do statistics do - ANSWER-- can see what happens and communicate results
- answers questions that initiated research
population definition - ANSWER-set of all individuals of interest
sample definition - ANSWER-set of individuals of interest fro a population
variable definition - ANSWER-a characteristic/condition that changes for different
individuals
what are the two procedures for statistics - ANSWER-1. descriptive statistics
2. inferential statistics
what are descriptive statistics - ANSWER-- summarize, organize, and simplify data
- organize it into something meaningful
- describe how it looks
what are inferential statistics - ANSWER-- a way to generalize the population of interest
sampling error definition - ANSWER-a naturally occurring error that exists between the
sample and population
experimental methods definition - ANSWER-determine a cause and effect relationship
between variables
what is the independent variable - ANSWER-the one that is being manipulated
what is the dependent variable - ANSWER-the one that is being measured
what are operational definitions - ANSWER-definitions that define measurement
procedures
what are the two types of variables - ANSWER-1. discrete variables
2. continuous variables
, what does the x column of a frequency distribution table represent - ANSWER-- the
scale of measurement
- categories listed from highest to lowest
what does the f column of a frequency distribution table represent - ANSWER--
frequency
- how often x occurs in the data set
what are group frequency distribution tables - ANSWER-frequency distribution tables
where scores are grouped rather than listed as individual values
what are class intervals - ANSWER-a group of scores in a grouped frequency
distribution
what is the range - ANSWER-- largest n - smallest n
what are the types of frequency distribution graphs - ANSWER-1. histogram
2. polygons
3. bar graphs
explain histograms - ANSWER-- used for ratio or interval data
- bars are touching for continuous variables
- good for longitudinal studies
explain polygraphs - ANSWER-- used for interval or ratio data
- dots represent frequency score, continuous line for each dot
- good for time intervals (months)
explain bar graphs - ANSWER-- used for nominal or ordinal data
- space between bars showing categories
what is central tendency - ANSWER-determines a single score that defines the centre
of a distribution
what is the mean - ANSWER-- all the scores added up, then divided by the number of
scores
what are characteristics of the mean (3) - ANSWER-1. changing of a score value
2. adding a score
3. removing a score
weighted mean - ANSWER-
what is the median - ANSWER-- the middle score when the scores are ordered from
smallest to largest
