PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 171 MODULES 1 TO
6 REVIEW EXAMS 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH EXPERT SOLUTIONS AND
MARKING SCHEME
◉ Erikson uses the term _____ to refer to producing something that
benefits others.
Answer: generativity
◉ what according to erikson is the negative possible outcome of the
crisis in late adulthood.
Answer: Despair
◉ How many psychosocial stages did Erikson describe.
Answer: 8
◉ Human development is comprised of biological, social, and
cognitive changes to name a few therefore development is _______.
Answer: multidimensional
◉ Janice is 60 and feels that she is in the prime of her life, at least
mentally, however she is starting to experience some problems with
,arthritis and knows she doesnt have quite the same stamina she
used to. These trends are a good illustration of development being
_______.
Answer: multidirectional
◉ what are 2 critiques discussed regarding Freuds psychosexual
stages?.
Answer: 1. development is lifelong not just through infants and
adolescents and in terms of aging, maturation, and growth it is
evident that development is lifelong.
2. The methodology only relies on clinical samples.
◉ What should a parent of a toddler do to address the delicate
balance of navigating a child through the autonomy vs. shame and
doubt stage?.
Answer: Parents should focus on ways to foster the childs
independence while not being critical of them.
◉ Freuds stages:
birth-18 months.
Answer: oral stage
◉ Freuds stages:
18 months- 3 years.
, Answer: anal stage
◉ Feuds stages:
3 years-6 years.
Answer: phallic stage
◉ Freuds stages:
6 years-puberty.
Answer: latency stage
◉ Freuds stages:
puberty-adulthood.
Answer: genital stage
◉ Did Erikson have a continuous or discontinuous view and why?.
Answer: a discontinuous view because he used stages throughout
his theory that had definitive ending and starting points.
◉ Did Freud have a continuous or discontinuous view and why?.
Answer: a discontinuous view because his theory used stages and
they ended and began one after another
6 REVIEW EXAMS 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH EXPERT SOLUTIONS AND
MARKING SCHEME
◉ Erikson uses the term _____ to refer to producing something that
benefits others.
Answer: generativity
◉ what according to erikson is the negative possible outcome of the
crisis in late adulthood.
Answer: Despair
◉ How many psychosocial stages did Erikson describe.
Answer: 8
◉ Human development is comprised of biological, social, and
cognitive changes to name a few therefore development is _______.
Answer: multidimensional
◉ Janice is 60 and feels that she is in the prime of her life, at least
mentally, however she is starting to experience some problems with
,arthritis and knows she doesnt have quite the same stamina she
used to. These trends are a good illustration of development being
_______.
Answer: multidirectional
◉ what are 2 critiques discussed regarding Freuds psychosexual
stages?.
Answer: 1. development is lifelong not just through infants and
adolescents and in terms of aging, maturation, and growth it is
evident that development is lifelong.
2. The methodology only relies on clinical samples.
◉ What should a parent of a toddler do to address the delicate
balance of navigating a child through the autonomy vs. shame and
doubt stage?.
Answer: Parents should focus on ways to foster the childs
independence while not being critical of them.
◉ Freuds stages:
birth-18 months.
Answer: oral stage
◉ Freuds stages:
18 months- 3 years.
, Answer: anal stage
◉ Feuds stages:
3 years-6 years.
Answer: phallic stage
◉ Freuds stages:
6 years-puberty.
Answer: latency stage
◉ Freuds stages:
puberty-adulthood.
Answer: genital stage
◉ Did Erikson have a continuous or discontinuous view and why?.
Answer: a discontinuous view because he used stages throughout
his theory that had definitive ending and starting points.
◉ Did Freud have a continuous or discontinuous view and why?.
Answer: a discontinuous view because his theory used stages and
they ended and began one after another
