PORTAGE LEARNING PROBLEM SET 7 2026
EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GUARANTEED PASS
◉ what is the difference between a hypothesis & a theory? Answer: a
hypothesis is a suggest explanation for an event, which can be
tested. whereas a theory is a tested & confirmed explanation for
observations or phenomena. additionally, a hypothesis may become
a verified theory.
◉ what are the critical components of experimental design? Answer:
control, independent variable & dependent variable, constant
variables, random assignment & manipulation.
◉ distinguish between positive & negative controls. Answer:
positive: results in the desired effect.
negative: does not influence results.
◉ distinguish between observations & inferences. Answer:
observations: (a problem to be solved) leads to a question. or
something that can be easily seen.
inference: a guess or idea that needs to be supported by evidence.
, ◉ distinguish between independent, dependent & controlled
variables. Answer: independent: changed on purpose (what you
change).
dependent: changes based on how the independent is changed
(what happens because of the change).
control: remains constant.
◉ distinguish between inductive & deductive reasoning. Answer:
inductive reasoning: a form of logical thinking that uses related
observations to arrive at a general conclusion.
deductive reasoning: a form of logical thinking that uses general
principle or law to forecast specific results.
◉ describe the characteristics unique to all life. Answer: cultural
heritage or patterns of our behavior passed from one generation to
the next.
highly developed brains.
completely upright stance.
creative language skills.
varied tool use.
modification of our environment for our own purpose which may
threaten the biosphere.
EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GUARANTEED PASS
◉ what is the difference between a hypothesis & a theory? Answer: a
hypothesis is a suggest explanation for an event, which can be
tested. whereas a theory is a tested & confirmed explanation for
observations or phenomena. additionally, a hypothesis may become
a verified theory.
◉ what are the critical components of experimental design? Answer:
control, independent variable & dependent variable, constant
variables, random assignment & manipulation.
◉ distinguish between positive & negative controls. Answer:
positive: results in the desired effect.
negative: does not influence results.
◉ distinguish between observations & inferences. Answer:
observations: (a problem to be solved) leads to a question. or
something that can be easily seen.
inference: a guess or idea that needs to be supported by evidence.
, ◉ distinguish between independent, dependent & controlled
variables. Answer: independent: changed on purpose (what you
change).
dependent: changes based on how the independent is changed
(what happens because of the change).
control: remains constant.
◉ distinguish between inductive & deductive reasoning. Answer:
inductive reasoning: a form of logical thinking that uses related
observations to arrive at a general conclusion.
deductive reasoning: a form of logical thinking that uses general
principle or law to forecast specific results.
◉ describe the characteristics unique to all life. Answer: cultural
heritage or patterns of our behavior passed from one generation to
the next.
highly developed brains.
completely upright stance.
creative language skills.
varied tool use.
modification of our environment for our own purpose which may
threaten the biosphere.
