NSG-3800 Study Guide Questions with Verified
Correct Answers
Acute Bronchitis Patho
Acute inflammation of the trachea and bronchi caused by
inflammed airway and narrowed from capillary dilation
Swelling from fluid exudation
Increased mucus production
Loss of ciliary function
Loss of portions of the ciliated epithelium
Acute Bronchitis Etiology
Viral or non-viral
Coronavirus
Heat
Smoke inhalation
Allergic reactions
Acute Bronchitis S/S
DISTINCT HALLMARK OF DISEASE: RECENT ONSET OF COUGH
Low grade fever
Substernal chest discomfort
Sore throat
Postnasal drip
Chronic Bronchitis Risk factors
,Cigarette smoking
Overweight
Genetic predisposition
Inhalation of physical or chemical irritants
Chronic or recurrent productive cough
Chronic bronchitis patho
Hyperplasia of bronchial mucous gland/goblet cells
Increased mucous production with formation of mucous plugs
Increased bronchial wall thickness
INCREASED PULMONARY ARTERY RESISTANCE LEADS TO PULMONARY HTN
Chronic bronchitis s/s
BLUE BOATER
Overweight
Hypoxia
Hypercapnia
Acidosis
Exertional dyspnea
Digital clubbing
Cardiomegaly
Accessory muscles
What is COPD and what conditions are classified as COPD?
Chronic airflow limitation
Emphysema and Chronic bronchitis
,Emphysema Patho/Etiology
abnormal distention of alveoli
Antitrypsin deficiency (caused from nicotine)
Smoking
Air pollution
Occupational environments
What is Antitrypsin and what condition is it associated with?
A1-Antitrypsin is a protein produced in the liver that protects the body's tissues from being
damaged by infection fighting agents released by its immune system.
Inhibits neutrophil elastase activity in the lung protecting it from proteolytic damage
Deficiency is rare inherited disorder that causes lung disease and liver disease
Associated with emphysema
Emphysema S/S
Pink puffer (good gas exchange but increased respiratory effort)
Pursed lip breathing
Accessory muscles
Barrel chest
Thin, wasted individual hunched forward (r/t increased respiratory effort and resulting caloric
expenditure with decreased ability to consume adequate calories)
Prolonged expiration
Clubbing
Emphysema complications
, Pneumothorax due to bullae
Weight loss due to work of breathing
Bronchitis complications
Secondary polycythemia
Pulmonary hypertension
Cor pulmonale (R sided heart failure)
COPD Nursing care
Pulmonary secretion removal
Education on controlled coughing (maximal inspiration followed by breath-holding and then
two or three coughs)
Huff coughing (one to two forced exhalations from a low to medium lung volumes with the
glottis open)
Chest physiotherapy
Increased fluid intake
What immunization does the nurse recommend patients with COPD to have?
Flu and pneumococcal pneumonia
Monitoring and managing potential COPD complications
- cognitive changes can indicate hypoxemia and impending resp failure
- Ask patient to report subtle changes such as fever, changes in sputum color, character,
consistency, or amount
- ask patient about any worsening symptoms
Correct Answers
Acute Bronchitis Patho
Acute inflammation of the trachea and bronchi caused by
inflammed airway and narrowed from capillary dilation
Swelling from fluid exudation
Increased mucus production
Loss of ciliary function
Loss of portions of the ciliated epithelium
Acute Bronchitis Etiology
Viral or non-viral
Coronavirus
Heat
Smoke inhalation
Allergic reactions
Acute Bronchitis S/S
DISTINCT HALLMARK OF DISEASE: RECENT ONSET OF COUGH
Low grade fever
Substernal chest discomfort
Sore throat
Postnasal drip
Chronic Bronchitis Risk factors
,Cigarette smoking
Overweight
Genetic predisposition
Inhalation of physical or chemical irritants
Chronic or recurrent productive cough
Chronic bronchitis patho
Hyperplasia of bronchial mucous gland/goblet cells
Increased mucous production with formation of mucous plugs
Increased bronchial wall thickness
INCREASED PULMONARY ARTERY RESISTANCE LEADS TO PULMONARY HTN
Chronic bronchitis s/s
BLUE BOATER
Overweight
Hypoxia
Hypercapnia
Acidosis
Exertional dyspnea
Digital clubbing
Cardiomegaly
Accessory muscles
What is COPD and what conditions are classified as COPD?
Chronic airflow limitation
Emphysema and Chronic bronchitis
,Emphysema Patho/Etiology
abnormal distention of alveoli
Antitrypsin deficiency (caused from nicotine)
Smoking
Air pollution
Occupational environments
What is Antitrypsin and what condition is it associated with?
A1-Antitrypsin is a protein produced in the liver that protects the body's tissues from being
damaged by infection fighting agents released by its immune system.
Inhibits neutrophil elastase activity in the lung protecting it from proteolytic damage
Deficiency is rare inherited disorder that causes lung disease and liver disease
Associated with emphysema
Emphysema S/S
Pink puffer (good gas exchange but increased respiratory effort)
Pursed lip breathing
Accessory muscles
Barrel chest
Thin, wasted individual hunched forward (r/t increased respiratory effort and resulting caloric
expenditure with decreased ability to consume adequate calories)
Prolonged expiration
Clubbing
Emphysema complications
, Pneumothorax due to bullae
Weight loss due to work of breathing
Bronchitis complications
Secondary polycythemia
Pulmonary hypertension
Cor pulmonale (R sided heart failure)
COPD Nursing care
Pulmonary secretion removal
Education on controlled coughing (maximal inspiration followed by breath-holding and then
two or three coughs)
Huff coughing (one to two forced exhalations from a low to medium lung volumes with the
glottis open)
Chest physiotherapy
Increased fluid intake
What immunization does the nurse recommend patients with COPD to have?
Flu and pneumococcal pneumonia
Monitoring and managing potential COPD complications
- cognitive changes can indicate hypoxemia and impending resp failure
- Ask patient to report subtle changes such as fever, changes in sputum color, character,
consistency, or amount
- ask patient about any worsening symptoms
