ATI NUTRITION FINAL EXAM-HIGH YIELD PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|LATEST EXAM 2026-2027 Q&A |
ALL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLUS DETAILED RATIONALES |
COMPLETE STUDYGUIDE| GUARANTEED PASS | DOWNLOAD
INSTANT PDF 2027-2028
1. A nurse is teaching a client who has iron-deficiency anemia about foods that increase
iron intake. Which food should the nurse recommend as the best source of heme iron?
A. Spinach
B. Lentils
C. Lean beef
D. Enriched rice
Lean beef provides heme iron, which is absorbed more efficiently than nonheme iron found in
plant-based foods.
2. A nurse is assessing a client's nutritional status. Which finding is most suggestive of
inadequate protein intake?
A. Muscle wasting
B. Increased urine output
C. Warm, moist skin
D. Increased bowel sounds
Muscle wasting can occur when protein and calorie intake are insufficient, causing the body
to break down muscle tissue for energy and amino acids.
3. A client with hypertension asks which dietary change is most appropriate. Which
response should the nurse make?
A. "Increase your intake of processed meats."
B. "Choose foods lower in sodium."
C. "Avoid all foods containing potassium."
D. "Increase your intake of saturated fat."
Reducing sodium intake is a major component of dietary management for hypertension
because excess sodium promotes fluid retention and can increase blood pressure.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about calcium-rich foods. Which food should the nurse
identify as an excellent source of calcium?
A. White rice
B. Apples
C. Chicken breast
D. Yogurt
,Yogurt is a calcium-rich dairy food and can contribute substantially to daily calcium
requirements.
5. A client reports consuming very little dietary fiber. Which outcome should the nurse
identify as most likely?
A. Constipation
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Decreased gastric acid
D. Increased serum calcium
Adequate dietary fiber increases stool bulk and promotes normal bowel function. Low fiber
intake can contribute to constipation.
6. Which nutrient provides the greatest amount of energy per gram?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fat
D. Water
Fat provides approximately 9 kcal per gram, whereas carbohydrate and protein provide
approximately 4 kcal per gram.
7. A nurse is counseling a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus about carbohydrate
selection. Which meal choice demonstrates appropriate understanding?
A. Grilled chicken, brown rice, and steamed vegetables
B. Bacon, eggs, and sausage
C. Fried chicken and french fries
D. Sweetened cereal with a doughnut
Brown rice and vegetables provide nutrient-dense carbohydrate sources, while the meal also
includes lean protein and avoids excessive added sugars.
8. A nurse is reviewing a food label with a client. Which item should the nurse explain is
included in the calculation of total carbohydrate?
A. Cholesterol
B. Dietary fiber
C. Sodium
D. Protein
Dietary fiber is listed within the total carbohydrate category on the Nutrition Facts label.
9. A client following a vegetarian diet asks how to improve absorption of nonheme iron.
Which food should the nurse recommend consuming with an iron-rich meal?
A. Cheese
B. Orange slices
,C. Coffee
D. Black tea
Vitamin C enhances absorption of nonheme iron. Citrus fruits such as oranges are excellent
sources of vitamin C.
10. A nurse is teaching a client about adequate hydration. Which finding is most consistent
with dehydration?
A. Clear urine
B. Moist mucous membranes
C. Concentrated urine
D. Bounding pulse
Concentrated, dark urine commonly occurs when the kidneys conserve water during
dehydration.
11. Which vitamin is essential for normal blood clotting?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin K
Vitamin K is required for hepatic synthesis of several clotting factors and is therefore essential
for normal coagulation.
12. A nurse is teaching a client about vitamin D. Which statement by the client indicates
understanding?
A. "Vitamin D helps my body absorb calcium."
B. "Vitamin D is needed primarily for blood clotting."
C. "Vitamin D prevents all infections."
D. "Vitamin D replaces the need for dietary calcium."
Vitamin D promotes intestinal absorption of calcium and supports normal bone
mineralization.
13. A client taking a vitamin supplement reports consuming large amounts of vitamin A
daily. Which adverse effect is associated with excessive intake of preformed vitamin A?
A. Night blindness
B. Toxicity
C. Scurvy
D. Beriberi
Excessive intake of preformed vitamin A can cause toxicity, including headache, liver injury,
and bone abnormalities.
, 14. Which nutrient is most directly responsible for tissue growth and repair?
A. Protein
B. Sodium
C. Water
D. Vitamin K
Protein supplies amino acids needed to build and repair muscles, skin, organs, enzymes, and
other body tissues.
15. A nurse is planning nutrition education for an older adult. Which recommendation is
most appropriate?
A. Eliminate all dietary fat.
B. Increase nutrient-dense foods.
C. Avoid all carbohydrates.
D. Consume primarily processed foods.
Older adults may have lower calorie requirements but still need adequate vitamins, minerals,
protein, and other nutrients, making nutrient-dense foods particularly valuable.
16. A client with lactose intolerance asks which food may be better tolerated. Which option
should the nurse recommend?
A. Regular whole milk
B. Ice cream in large amounts
C. Lactose-free milk
D. Sweetened condensed milk
Lactose-free milk provides similar nutrients to regular milk while reducing or eliminating the
lactose that causes symptoms.
17. Which assessment finding indicates a possible swallowing problem requiring further
evaluation before oral feeding?
A. Strong appetite
B. Coughing during meals
C. Preference for cold foods
D. Increased thirst
Coughing during eating can indicate dysphagia and possible aspiration. Further swallowing
assessment is appropriate.
18. A client has difficulty chewing because of poorly fitting dentures. Which food selection
is most appropriate?
A. Raw carrots
B. Tough steak
C. Soft scrambled eggs
D. Whole nuts
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|LATEST EXAM 2026-2027 Q&A |
ALL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PLUS DETAILED RATIONALES |
COMPLETE STUDYGUIDE| GUARANTEED PASS | DOWNLOAD
INSTANT PDF 2027-2028
1. A nurse is teaching a client who has iron-deficiency anemia about foods that increase
iron intake. Which food should the nurse recommend as the best source of heme iron?
A. Spinach
B. Lentils
C. Lean beef
D. Enriched rice
Lean beef provides heme iron, which is absorbed more efficiently than nonheme iron found in
plant-based foods.
2. A nurse is assessing a client's nutritional status. Which finding is most suggestive of
inadequate protein intake?
A. Muscle wasting
B. Increased urine output
C. Warm, moist skin
D. Increased bowel sounds
Muscle wasting can occur when protein and calorie intake are insufficient, causing the body
to break down muscle tissue for energy and amino acids.
3. A client with hypertension asks which dietary change is most appropriate. Which
response should the nurse make?
A. "Increase your intake of processed meats."
B. "Choose foods lower in sodium."
C. "Avoid all foods containing potassium."
D. "Increase your intake of saturated fat."
Reducing sodium intake is a major component of dietary management for hypertension
because excess sodium promotes fluid retention and can increase blood pressure.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about calcium-rich foods. Which food should the nurse
identify as an excellent source of calcium?
A. White rice
B. Apples
C. Chicken breast
D. Yogurt
,Yogurt is a calcium-rich dairy food and can contribute substantially to daily calcium
requirements.
5. A client reports consuming very little dietary fiber. Which outcome should the nurse
identify as most likely?
A. Constipation
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Decreased gastric acid
D. Increased serum calcium
Adequate dietary fiber increases stool bulk and promotes normal bowel function. Low fiber
intake can contribute to constipation.
6. Which nutrient provides the greatest amount of energy per gram?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fat
D. Water
Fat provides approximately 9 kcal per gram, whereas carbohydrate and protein provide
approximately 4 kcal per gram.
7. A nurse is counseling a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus about carbohydrate
selection. Which meal choice demonstrates appropriate understanding?
A. Grilled chicken, brown rice, and steamed vegetables
B. Bacon, eggs, and sausage
C. Fried chicken and french fries
D. Sweetened cereal with a doughnut
Brown rice and vegetables provide nutrient-dense carbohydrate sources, while the meal also
includes lean protein and avoids excessive added sugars.
8. A nurse is reviewing a food label with a client. Which item should the nurse explain is
included in the calculation of total carbohydrate?
A. Cholesterol
B. Dietary fiber
C. Sodium
D. Protein
Dietary fiber is listed within the total carbohydrate category on the Nutrition Facts label.
9. A client following a vegetarian diet asks how to improve absorption of nonheme iron.
Which food should the nurse recommend consuming with an iron-rich meal?
A. Cheese
B. Orange slices
,C. Coffee
D. Black tea
Vitamin C enhances absorption of nonheme iron. Citrus fruits such as oranges are excellent
sources of vitamin C.
10. A nurse is teaching a client about adequate hydration. Which finding is most consistent
with dehydration?
A. Clear urine
B. Moist mucous membranes
C. Concentrated urine
D. Bounding pulse
Concentrated, dark urine commonly occurs when the kidneys conserve water during
dehydration.
11. Which vitamin is essential for normal blood clotting?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin K
Vitamin K is required for hepatic synthesis of several clotting factors and is therefore essential
for normal coagulation.
12. A nurse is teaching a client about vitamin D. Which statement by the client indicates
understanding?
A. "Vitamin D helps my body absorb calcium."
B. "Vitamin D is needed primarily for blood clotting."
C. "Vitamin D prevents all infections."
D. "Vitamin D replaces the need for dietary calcium."
Vitamin D promotes intestinal absorption of calcium and supports normal bone
mineralization.
13. A client taking a vitamin supplement reports consuming large amounts of vitamin A
daily. Which adverse effect is associated with excessive intake of preformed vitamin A?
A. Night blindness
B. Toxicity
C. Scurvy
D. Beriberi
Excessive intake of preformed vitamin A can cause toxicity, including headache, liver injury,
and bone abnormalities.
, 14. Which nutrient is most directly responsible for tissue growth and repair?
A. Protein
B. Sodium
C. Water
D. Vitamin K
Protein supplies amino acids needed to build and repair muscles, skin, organs, enzymes, and
other body tissues.
15. A nurse is planning nutrition education for an older adult. Which recommendation is
most appropriate?
A. Eliminate all dietary fat.
B. Increase nutrient-dense foods.
C. Avoid all carbohydrates.
D. Consume primarily processed foods.
Older adults may have lower calorie requirements but still need adequate vitamins, minerals,
protein, and other nutrients, making nutrient-dense foods particularly valuable.
16. A client with lactose intolerance asks which food may be better tolerated. Which option
should the nurse recommend?
A. Regular whole milk
B. Ice cream in large amounts
C. Lactose-free milk
D. Sweetened condensed milk
Lactose-free milk provides similar nutrients to regular milk while reducing or eliminating the
lactose that causes symptoms.
17. Which assessment finding indicates a possible swallowing problem requiring further
evaluation before oral feeding?
A. Strong appetite
B. Coughing during meals
C. Preference for cold foods
D. Increased thirst
Coughing during eating can indicate dysphagia and possible aspiration. Further swallowing
assessment is appropriate.
18. A client has difficulty chewing because of poorly fitting dentures. Which food selection
is most appropriate?
A. Raw carrots
B. Tough steak
C. Soft scrambled eggs
D. Whole nuts
