HEAL | midterm 1 Questions and Answers with 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Version
Question 1.
define the WHO definition of health.
Correct Answer: Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. -health is a
continuum of illness<-> health<-> wellness
Question 2.
the extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs,
and to change or cope with the environment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the
objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as
well as physical capacities
Correct Answer: now, define health.
Question 3.
what are the four pillars of health research?
Correct Answer: 1. biomedical research
2. clinical research
3. health services research
4. social, cultural, environmental, and population health research
Question 4.
what are the four purposes of health research?
Correct Answer: 1. describe
2. explain
3. predict
4. control
Question 5.
what are research paradigms? what are the three kinds of research paradigms?
Correct Answer: a research paradigm is a belief about what knowledge is and
how it is gener- ated 3 Types
1. epistemology: nature and definition of knowledge of truth
2. ontology: nature of reality
3. methodology: approach to data collection and analysis
Question 6.
what are the three divisions of epistemology? briefly describe.
Correct Answer: 1. positivism (hard science): generated through scientific
process, easy to measure (height and weight)
, 2. interpretivism (subjective): little more difficult to measure (emotions,
wellbeing, quality of life)
Question 7.
what are the two divisions of ontology? describe.
Correct Answer: 1. objectivism (in line with positivism & some critical realism):
do we study things that are "objective entities", have a fixed reality, and is
independent from our perspectives? (our own perceptions don't matter, things
exist regardless)
2. contructionism: do we study social constructs, things that are fluid, and
depend on our point of view?
Question 8.
what are the three divisions of methodology?
Correct Answer: 1. quantitative: counting things (mean/average).
2. qualitative: open ended questions, one on one interviews, focus group. not
objective or set- might vary
3. mixed-methods: often begin with quantitative, then do qualitative study. Mix
charts or hard facts with peoples own experiences
Question 9.
map out the wheel of science!
Correct Answer:
Question 10.
what are the meaning of both deduction and induction?
Correct Answer: -deduction: testing of pre existing hypotheses -induction:
generation of new theories
Question 11.
what are the 12 steps of the research process?
Correct Answer: 1. identify research topic/idea/problem
2. literature search
3. define the problem
4. develop research question
5. generate a hypothesis
6. chose a study design
7. define variables and key terms
8. identify participants and population
9. conduct study
Answers | Latest Version
Question 1.
define the WHO definition of health.
Correct Answer: Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. -health is a
continuum of illness<-> health<-> wellness
Question 2.
the extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs,
and to change or cope with the environment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the
objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as
well as physical capacities
Correct Answer: now, define health.
Question 3.
what are the four pillars of health research?
Correct Answer: 1. biomedical research
2. clinical research
3. health services research
4. social, cultural, environmental, and population health research
Question 4.
what are the four purposes of health research?
Correct Answer: 1. describe
2. explain
3. predict
4. control
Question 5.
what are research paradigms? what are the three kinds of research paradigms?
Correct Answer: a research paradigm is a belief about what knowledge is and
how it is gener- ated 3 Types
1. epistemology: nature and definition of knowledge of truth
2. ontology: nature of reality
3. methodology: approach to data collection and analysis
Question 6.
what are the three divisions of epistemology? briefly describe.
Correct Answer: 1. positivism (hard science): generated through scientific
process, easy to measure (height and weight)
, 2. interpretivism (subjective): little more difficult to measure (emotions,
wellbeing, quality of life)
Question 7.
what are the two divisions of ontology? describe.
Correct Answer: 1. objectivism (in line with positivism & some critical realism):
do we study things that are "objective entities", have a fixed reality, and is
independent from our perspectives? (our own perceptions don't matter, things
exist regardless)
2. contructionism: do we study social constructs, things that are fluid, and
depend on our point of view?
Question 8.
what are the three divisions of methodology?
Correct Answer: 1. quantitative: counting things (mean/average).
2. qualitative: open ended questions, one on one interviews, focus group. not
objective or set- might vary
3. mixed-methods: often begin with quantitative, then do qualitative study. Mix
charts or hard facts with peoples own experiences
Question 9.
map out the wheel of science!
Correct Answer:
Question 10.
what are the meaning of both deduction and induction?
Correct Answer: -deduction: testing of pre existing hypotheses -induction:
generation of new theories
Question 11.
what are the 12 steps of the research process?
Correct Answer: 1. identify research topic/idea/problem
2. literature search
3. define the problem
4. develop research question
5. generate a hypothesis
6. chose a study design
7. define variables and key terms
8. identify participants and population
9. conduct study
