HSA 3150 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE | COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH SCIENCES
STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
federal rulemaking process - correct answer ✔✔process through which federal agencies develop,
amend, or repeal rules
role of interest groups in rulemaking - correct answer ✔✔•Every policy affects one or more interest
groups
-Interest groups seek to influence rulemaking
-Result is intense lobbying
-Most politically powerful groups exert the greatest influence
•Example: Rulemaking that stemmed from the enactment of Medicare
Designing activity in policy implementation - correct answer ✔✔
operating activity in policy implementation - correct answer ✔✔
evaluating activity in policy implementation - correct answer ✔✔
Rules of rulemaking - correct answer ✔✔There are rules to making rules
-Federal Register Act of 1935
-Administrative Procedure Act of 1946
•Implementing agencies must publish proposed rules (i.e., a draft)
•Those with interests can participate in the rulemaking prior to adoption of the final rule
•Both are published in the Federal Register
Policy objectives - correct answer ✔✔•The way laws are written affects how they are implemented
•Multiple objectives embedded in one policy can make implementation difficult
•Clearly articulated objectives help implementers more easily operate the programs and procedures
embedded within
Policy hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔•If the hypothesis is wrong, its operation will not solve the
problem the policy is intended to address
-Example: National Health Planning and Resources Development Act had a flawed hypothesis
-Example: Older Americans Act had a clear underlying hypothesis
Flexibility in operating the policy - correct answer ✔✔•Although some flexibility can be advantageous,
vague directives can create additional problems
-Example: Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
•Restrictive language can also impede implementation
•Older Americans Act: provided extensive implementation guidance and flexibility
Characteristics of implementing organization - correct answer ✔✔•Good fit between implementing
organization and policy is determined by whether the organization:
-Is sympathetic to the objectives
-Has the necessary resources
STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
federal rulemaking process - correct answer ✔✔process through which federal agencies develop,
amend, or repeal rules
role of interest groups in rulemaking - correct answer ✔✔•Every policy affects one or more interest
groups
-Interest groups seek to influence rulemaking
-Result is intense lobbying
-Most politically powerful groups exert the greatest influence
•Example: Rulemaking that stemmed from the enactment of Medicare
Designing activity in policy implementation - correct answer ✔✔
operating activity in policy implementation - correct answer ✔✔
evaluating activity in policy implementation - correct answer ✔✔
Rules of rulemaking - correct answer ✔✔There are rules to making rules
-Federal Register Act of 1935
-Administrative Procedure Act of 1946
•Implementing agencies must publish proposed rules (i.e., a draft)
•Those with interests can participate in the rulemaking prior to adoption of the final rule
•Both are published in the Federal Register
Policy objectives - correct answer ✔✔•The way laws are written affects how they are implemented
•Multiple objectives embedded in one policy can make implementation difficult
•Clearly articulated objectives help implementers more easily operate the programs and procedures
embedded within
Policy hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔•If the hypothesis is wrong, its operation will not solve the
problem the policy is intended to address
-Example: National Health Planning and Resources Development Act had a flawed hypothesis
-Example: Older Americans Act had a clear underlying hypothesis
Flexibility in operating the policy - correct answer ✔✔•Although some flexibility can be advantageous,
vague directives can create additional problems
-Example: Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
•Restrictive language can also impede implementation
•Older Americans Act: provided extensive implementation guidance and flexibility
Characteristics of implementing organization - correct answer ✔✔•Good fit between implementing
organization and policy is determined by whether the organization:
-Is sympathetic to the objectives
-Has the necessary resources
