RN HESI FUNDAMENTALS EXIT EXAM
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a client who refuses a blood transfusion for religious reasons despite
life-threatening anemia. The nurse notifies the provider and respects the client’s decision.
Which ethical principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the client to make their own
decisions about their healthcare, even if those decisions conflict with the medical team’s
recommendations.
2. A client is diagnosed with Clostridium difficile. Which of the following infection control
precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Airborne precautions
B. Droplet precautions
,C. Contact precautions
D. Protective environment
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: C. diff is transmitted via direct or indirect contact with
contaminated surfaces or stool, requiring contact precautions, including gloves, gowns, and
handwashing with soap and water.
3. When performing an abdominal assessment, in which order should the nurse perform the
physical examination techniques?
A. Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
B. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
C. Auscultation, inspection, palpation, percussion
D. Inspection, percussion, auscultation, palpation
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: For abdominal assessments, the sequence is inspection,
auscultation, percussion, then palpation to avoid altering bowel sounds through
manipulation.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about high-fiber foods. Which food choice indicates that the
client understands the teaching?
A. White rice
, B. Black beans
C. Canned peaches
D. Grilled chicken
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Legumes like black beans are excellent sources of dietary fiber,
whereas processed grains and animal proteins contain little to no fiber.
5. A client has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following is the priority nursing
intervention?
A. Monitoring the client’s cardiac rhythm
B. Encouraging the intake of bananas
C. Administering a potassium-sparing diuretic
D. Obtaining a repeat lab draw in 4 hours
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia (potassium > 5.0) can cause life-threatening
cardiac arrhythmias. Monitoring the ECG is the immediate priority to detect changes like
peaked T waves.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an obese client. Which
angle of insertion should the nurse use?
A. 15 degrees
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a client who refuses a blood transfusion for religious reasons despite
life-threatening anemia. The nurse notifies the provider and respects the client’s decision.
Which ethical principle is the nurse demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the client to make their own
decisions about their healthcare, even if those decisions conflict with the medical team’s
recommendations.
2. A client is diagnosed with Clostridium difficile. Which of the following infection control
precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Airborne precautions
B. Droplet precautions
,C. Contact precautions
D. Protective environment
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: C. diff is transmitted via direct or indirect contact with
contaminated surfaces or stool, requiring contact precautions, including gloves, gowns, and
handwashing with soap and water.
3. When performing an abdominal assessment, in which order should the nurse perform the
physical examination techniques?
A. Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
B. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
C. Auscultation, inspection, palpation, percussion
D. Inspection, percussion, auscultation, palpation
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: For abdominal assessments, the sequence is inspection,
auscultation, percussion, then palpation to avoid altering bowel sounds through
manipulation.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about high-fiber foods. Which food choice indicates that the
client understands the teaching?
A. White rice
, B. Black beans
C. Canned peaches
D. Grilled chicken
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Legumes like black beans are excellent sources of dietary fiber,
whereas processed grains and animal proteins contain little to no fiber.
5. A client has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following is the priority nursing
intervention?
A. Monitoring the client’s cardiac rhythm
B. Encouraging the intake of bananas
C. Administering a potassium-sparing diuretic
D. Obtaining a repeat lab draw in 4 hours
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Hyperkalemia (potassium > 5.0) can cause life-threatening
cardiac arrhythmias. Monitoring the ECG is the immediate priority to detect changes like
peaked T waves.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an obese client. Which
angle of insertion should the nurse use?
A. 15 degrees
